Zipatso zokoma ndi zowononga zimafuna kukula m'dera lililonse.
Malo okoma kwambiri kwambiri, mwatsoka, sangakule pakatikati.
Komabe, mukhoza kusankha mitundu yomwe idzapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira.
Mzere
Kukula pakhomo lachilimwe pakati pa msewu wamkati kumapangitsa kuti munthu azikula kuchokera ku mbewu.
M'pofunika kusankha zosiyanasiyana ndi apamwamba mlingo wa chisanu kukana, Mwachitsanzo, namwali persimmon.
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi nthawi yaitali kwambiri yozizira dormancy. Mitundu yakunja ndi North America.
Mtengo ukhoza kufika mamita makumi awiri mu msinkhu. Mizu imatha kuthana ndi kuzizira kwa nthaka kupitirira madigiri khumi ndi asanu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kumera bwino pa dothi la dongo, kumene madzi ambiri amatha.
Nthaŵi yaitali ya dormancy yozizira imakulolani kuti mupulumuke m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zimathandiza kuti asayambe kuyambitsa kuyamwa kutsogolo. Zinyama zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati katundu wa mbewu zina.
Malamulo a kucha
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ina yomwe imagawidwa m'magulu atatu malingana ndi nthawi ya kucha, kapena kanthawi, nthawi yokolola. Pali:
- mitundu yoyambirira. Kumadera akummwera amasonkhanitsidwa kuyambira September mpaka Oktoba;
- nyengo ya pakatikati. Persimmon, wa mitundu iyi, amalandira mu October - November;
- mochedwa. Zipatso zipse kumapeto kwa November - oyambirira December.
Kuwongolera
Pa persimmon akhoza pachimake mwamuna, mkazi ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi.
Mitundu ina imatha kupanga maluwa okhaokha, mwachitsanzo, Sidles, Hachia, Emon.
Ngati nyengo ikulola, zomera zimatha chipatso popanda feteleza..
Mitundu ya Gailey, Dream, Shagotsu gaki inathetsa maluwa onse azimuna ndi aakazi chaka chilichonse.
Kulawa kwa zipatso kumadalira pollination. Zipatso ndi mbewu zimakhala ndi kukoma kosavuta kuposa zitsanzo zopanda mbewu. Masamba omwe amapezeka kuzungulira mbewu nthawi zonse amakhala okoma kuposa zipatso zonse.
Kuti mupeze mbewu yayikulu ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, muyenera kuyendetsa mungu.. Mitundu ina imapatsa chipatso popanda njirayi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chigamulochi imagawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- Kukonza nkhuni ndikofunikira: Yankin Tsura, Maru, Gosho Gaki, Ezo Ichi ndi ena;
- Kuwotchera sikufunika: Gosho, Tamopan lalikulu ndi ena;
- gulu loyandikana nalo: Soyo, Aizu, Hachia ndi ena.
Mbewu za gulu lapafupi zimatha kubala chipatso ngakhale popanda ndondomeko yoyambitsa mungu. Amagwiritsa ntchito izo kuti apititse patsogolo kukoma ndi khalidwe la zipatso, kuonjezera kukula kwake ndi zokolola. Mnofu umasintha mtundu wake ndipo umakhala wochepetsetsa komanso wokoma mtima.
Kuwombera mungu ndi njira yofunikira yomwe imapangitsa kuti mbeuyo ikhale yabwino komanso yambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, mitengo yachisanu ndi iveni ndi zisanu ndi iwiri yomwe ili ndi maluwa aakazi akulimbikitsidwa kuti asamalire mtengo umodzi kuti apange mungu. Ngati palibe mwayi wofesa mtengo woterewu, uyenera kupanga mungu wowonjezera.
Kusankha malo okhala
Persimmon iyenera kukula mu nthaka yabwino kuti ikhale bwino ndikubala chipatso. Dothi lokongola limatengedwa kuti ndi lopanda loamy kapena lachinyontho. Ayenera kubala. Zomwe zili pansi pano siziyenera kukhala pafupi ndi dziko lapansi kuposa 0,75 mamita.
Kwenikweni mizu imakhala mozama pafupifupi mamita limodzi ndi theka. Mitundu yamphamvu imabweretsa chakudya m'derali mamita makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi anayi mamita, ndi mitundu yochepa-kukula pamtunda wa makilomita makumi awiri ndi asanu.
Sankhani malo ndi kuunikira bwino, zobisika kuchokera ku mphepo yozizira.. Kumalo kumene mumthunzi wamphamvu ukugwa, mtengo udzasokonezeka: zipatso zidzayamba kugwa, masamba adzataya mawonekedwe awo.
Kusankha ndi kubzala mbande
Ndibwino kuti tigule kugula zinthu kuchokera kwa wopanga, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa ndi abwino.
Kugula kwa ogulitsa komanso ngakhale pa chiwonetsero kungakhale kokhumudwitsa.
Mukhoza kupeza chomera chomwe sichikumana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, sikuti chimakhala chosasunthika ndipo sichiyenera malo ozungulira.
Mitengo yotseguka imagula m'dzinja. Yang'anani mosamala mawonekedwe a chomera kuti muwone ngati ali wathanzi.
Ngati mtengo wakumbidwa mosamala, udzakhala ndi mizu yochepa ndi nthambi. Iwo ndi ofatsa kwambiri: amamwalira patatha ola kapena awiri atatha kuyanika. Ngati mizu ili yakufa ndipo mizu yayikulu ikuwoneka yathanzi, chodzala ndi choyenera kulima.
Pa malo a kubzala persimmon anapereka thandizo. Mbewu imayikidwa mu dzenje lakumba, kuliika pafupi ndi khoma kuti lisamawononge mizu yaing'ono. Mzuwo umalowola bwino ndi kuwaza ndi dziko lapansi.
Pamene kuli kuzizira, mtengo umatetezedwa ndi bokosi ndipo umagwidwa ndi peat kapena humus. Nthaka imakhala yoyera. Kutentha kwakukulu kumayambitsa makungwa a makungwa, kotero nkofunika kuteteza chomeracho mochuluka momwe zingathere kuchokera ku kusintha kwa kutentha m'nyengo yozizira.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa ndi ziphuphu
Kulima kulima kumadalira chisamaliro choyenera, kupewa matenda ndi maonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Asanayambe nyengo yozizira, ntchito yokonzekera imafunika. Kwa mwezi ndi hafu, amasiya kuthirira mtengo kuti mphukira zipse.
Mankhwala omwe ali ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, omwe akhala akudyetsa mwamphamvu kuyambira July, amathandizira kukalamba. Ngati mtengo uli wokonzekera bwino m'nyengo yozizira, chisanu chotsutsa chingathe kuwonjezeka ndi madigiri awiri kapena atatu.
Chofunika kwambiri formirovka korona zomera. Kudulira mwamphamvu kumachitika pamene akufuna kupanga mawonekedwe ena. Pa kuyamba kwa zipatso kumawononga kuonongeka ndi zouma mphukira.
Kumapeto kwa fruiting, kudulira kumakhala koyenera kuti ubwezeretsedwe. Mu nyengo yomwe ndondomekoyi ikuchitika, zokolola za mtengo sizingatheke, koma patapita zaka ziwiri zidzakhala zokolola zochuluka.
Persimmon ingakhudzidwe ndi zovunda zakuda kapena nkhanambo, ngakhale kuti mtengo nthawi zambiri umagonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Matenda amachiritsidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kapena machitidwe okonzekera.
