Akhale ndi nyengo ya chilimwe atagwidwa ndi kugwa. Ntchitoyi ndi yovuta, ndipo ubwino wa nthaka siwongowonjezera, koma umachepa.
Olima munda amagwiritsa ntchito njira za ulimi, osakhala ndi mabedi. Tiyeni tione momwe tingakonzekerere bwino munda wachisanu.
Nchifukwa chiyani mukusowa "bulangeti" m'munda?
Malo osadziwika awonongedwa, osati kupumula. Mu ulimi wakulima, nthaka imatengedwa ngati moyo. Zimapangidwa ndi moyo ndi zamoyo zambiri za nthaka - nyama zazing'ono ndi mabakiteriya omwe amapanga maziko a nthaka yobereka.
Mukamayanika ndi kuzizira pamwamba pa nthaka, okhala m'nthaka omwe amatha kusuntha, pitani ku kuya. Ena onse amapuma kapena kufa. Pofesa m'chaka, nthaka yopanda moyo yomwe ili ndi vuto lalikulu imapereka chakudya kwa mizu yaitali ya mbande.
Kuchokera izi zikuonekeratu kuti ndibwino kuti tipeze dziko lapansi m'nyengo yozizira - kuti mulch. Pogwiritsira ntchito ulimi wakulima, kukulumikizitsa magazi kumaonedwa kuti ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri. Izi zimateteza kusamalidwa kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kofunika kwambiri pakudyetsa mizu ya nthaka yosanjikiza.
Ntchito yayikulu ya mulch yozizira ndizotheka kuvala malaya otetezera dothi la pamwamba pa nthaka yozizira ndi kuyanika.
Mulching
Zima
Muluzi wambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. Zimaphatikizapo zotsalira zothandizira posachedwa, peat (osati wowawasa), masamba ogwa, utuchi, udzu, udzu. Kuthira kwa mulch kumakhala makulidwe a masentimita 6 mpaka 8. Pambuyo kukolola ndi mbewu, namsongole osatha amachotsedwa, nthaka imasulidwa, kompositi imayambitsidwa, ndipo mulch imaphimbidwa pamwamba.
Matanki ambiri amapezeka mu utuchi watsopano. Amaletsa kukula kwa zomera. Pakuti nyengo yozizira mulching imagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha utuchi woumba.. Chinthu choyenera kwambiri ndi udzu ndi udzu. Amapereka chilengedwe chosungira, ndipo pamabedi amatha kusungira nthawi yonse yotentha.
Zida zina za mpweya sizingatheke, ndipo m'chaka, nthawi yomweyo chisanu chimatha, ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti asakhale ndi zopinga zotentha nthaka. Mu mawonekedwe a mulch, nthenda yolimba yowonjezera mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Amayendetsa mwachindunji nthaka asanayambe chisanu, ndipo kumapeto kwa kasupe mutatha kudula dothi ndikuikidwa m'madzi masentimita 10 mpaka 15.
Zida zonsezi zimatchedwa mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali mulch wong'onoting'ono - filimu, yowonjezera dothi, miyala. Pali malingaliro omwe mulch omwe sagwirizana nawo sagwirizana ndi nyengo yozizira. Kodi miyala yojambula kapena filimu ikhoza kuteteza kusanunkhira bwino ngati "malaya" a utuchi kapena udzu?
Chilimwe
Kuwonjezera pa kuteteza nthaka, dothi la chilimwe limagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri: kusungira chinyontho, kudula namsongole, feteleza, ndi zina zotero. Mafilimu ofiira, namsongole wamsongole, udzu wobiriwira ndi wabwino kwambiri pazimenezi. Izi sizikufunika kuchokera ku mulch wachisanu, choncho zipangizo zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati, pambuyo pa mbeu zoyambirira zitachotsedwa, 1.5 - miyezi iwiri isanayambe chisanu chikayambe, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuyika bedi ndi feteleza wobiriwira.
Pano mitundu ina ya zomera zokula mofulumira zidzakhala zothandiza, mwachitsanzo, tirigu, oats, mpiru, nyemba za mahatchi. M'dzinja, sayenera kuyeretsedwa, mukhoza kusiya m'munda kuti athe kuphimba nthaka. Mphepo imayandikira pamtunda wake kuyambira masentimita 10 mpaka 15.
Zima zowonjezera nthaka siziteteza kokha nthaka, koma ndi njira yowonjezera yozizira ziwalo za zomera zosatha ndi mizu yosatha.
Kubzala anyezi osatha kumafuna mulching. Mitengo ya mabulosi a mabulosi ndi mitengo ya zipatso imatha kuvutika ndi chisanu, makamaka nthawi ya chisanu, nyengo yozizira. Pristvolnye mabwalo angakhoze kuphimbidwa ndi mulch m'nyengo yozizira, 0,5 mamita ku chiwonongeko cha korona amachokera ku thunthu.
Pansi pa zitsamba za mabulosi ndi mitengo ya zipatso, mulch akhoza kuphimbidwa m'nyengo yozizira ndi filimu yakale. Tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthaka (mbalame ya currant, kachilomboka ka maluwa), ndipo imadzuka kumayambiriro kwa masika, imatuluka m'nthaka ndikuyamba kusuntha. Firimuyi ingalepheretse kayendedwe kawo, komwe kamachepetsa kuwonongeka.
