Ndi nthawi iti yothirira mbatata ndi momwe mungachitire ndi njira yochepetsera?

Amaluwa ambiri amadziwa kuti akufunika kuthirira mbatata. Ena amakhulupirira ngakhale kuti sakusowa kuthirira.

Ndipotu, mbatata ndi chimanga chokonda chinyezi chomwe chimafuna madzi ambiri ndi zakudya kuti zikula pamwamba ndi zikuluzikulu zazikulu m'nyengo yozizira.

Chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira molakwika wa mbewu - zokolola zochepa, matenda opitirira, kudulidwa kwa tubers. Choncho, kunyalanyaza kuthirira sikuyenera kukhala. Kudziwa momwe mungaphunzitsire bwino komanso nthawi yothirira mbatata, momwe mungaphunzitsire ulimi wothirira, pazifukwa zotsimikizira kuti chinyezi ndi chochuluka kwambiri, kapena sichikwanira - mudzapeza m'nkhani yathu.

Kodi ndi nthawi yambiri yothira mbatata kumunda?

Kufunika kwa mbatata kuthirira kumasiyana malinga ndi gawo la chitukuko cha zomera..
Palibe chifukwa chowetsera mbatata musanamere. Ngati sanagwiritsidwe ntchito yofesa, timabzala pokhapokha titabzala munda, ndiye kuti chomeracho chidzakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira m'katikati mwa masika ndi mkati mwa tuber.

Kuopsa kwa kuthirira nthawiyi kumakhala kuti panthawi imeneyi chomeracho chili ndi mizu, yomwe imayesetsa kufufuza mafoloko ndikukula mu nthaka. Mukamamwetsa chomera panthawiyi, mizu sidzakhala yakuya, yomwe idzapangitsa kuchepa kwa zokolola.

Kuthirira koyamba kumalimbikitsidwa kutulutsa pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuwonekera. Pa chitsamba chimodzi, mlingo wa chinyezi ndi pafupifupi 2-3 malita. Amaloledwa kuthirira ndi payipi kapena pazu

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Kuthirira mbewu sikovomerezeka patsiku kuyambira 12:00 mpaka 18:00. Izi sizimayambitsa zotsatira zoyenera, chifukwa chinyezi chimasambira mu nthaka yotentha popanda kufika mizu, ndipo madontho omwe amapezeka pamwamba amatha kuyambitsa masamba.

Popeza kuti nthawi yokolola imayikidwa kuchokera pamene mphukira zikuwonekera mpaka kukula kwa masamba kumatha, ndi nthawi yomwe zomera zimasowa madzi okwanira. Pamene mapesi amodzi akuwonekera - ino ndi nthawi yomwe mbewu zimadalira kuthirira mbewu.. Kuthira madzi ochulukirapo (pafupifupi 4 malita a madzi pa zomera) panthawi imeneyi kudzawonjezera zokolola ndi 15-30%.

Mukamauma, nyengo ya dzuwa, kuthirira kumayenera masiku onse 4-6. Ngati nyengo si yotentha, ndiye kuti ulimi wothirira uyenera kuchepetsedwa kamodzi masiku khumi ndi awiri. Mukawona kuti nsongazo zouma ndi zowonongeka - ichi ndi chifukwa chokhalira mchere wambiri wa dothi.

Dothi lolemera komanso lamdima lokhala ndi thanthwe ladongo limakhala lopanda chinyezi bwino. Ngati pali mchere pamunda wa mbatata pambuyo pa mvula, kuthirira mbatata sikufunika. Iyenera kuchitika kokha pa chilala.

Masabata angapo musanayambe kukolola, sizingakhale zomveka kuzimwa, sizimakhudza chitukuko cha tubers, koma chingayambitse mavuto ndi kusunga mbatata.

Zida za mitundu yoyambirira

Kuyambirira kucha mbatata mitundu amadziwika ndi mofulumira chitukuko ndipo amafuna osauka, koma kawirikawiri kuthirira. Ndikoyenera kupanga 3 malita a madzi pa zomera masiku asanu ndi atatu. Pa nthawi ya mlingo wa madzi oyenera ayenera kuwonjezeka kufika pa malita 6.

Kuthirira bwino - zonse:

1. Madzi kokha m'mawa kapena madzulo.
2. Ngati kuthirira kumapangidwa kudzera mu phula - musamatsogolere madzi amphamvu mpaka pamwamba pa chomeracho.
3. Musamwe madzi masabata pang'ono musanayambe kukolola mbatata.
4. Ganizirani zochitika za nthaka pamalo anu ndi nyengo ya dera lanu. Dothi lowala liyenera kuthiriridwa mobwerezabwereza, molemetsa. Kum'mwera, m'madera ouma, nthaka imafuna madzi ambiri kuposa kumpoto ndi mvula.
5. Ndibwino kuti musagwiritsire ntchito madzi a ayezi, koma mulole kuti ikhale mu chidebe dzuwa.

Momwe mungapezere zokolola za mbatata zoyambirira, werengani m'nkhani zathu.

Kodi njira yowonongeka ndi yotani?

Kupaka ulimi wothirira ndi njira yophweka komanso yopanda malire yoperekera madzi mwachindunji ku mizu ya zomera, chomwe chimapindulitsa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa kusowa madzi mu zitini kapena zitini zothirira.

Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri, makamaka, kwa mbatata, popeza izi ndizo zowonjezera zowonjezera.

Phindu la kuthirira ulimi wothirira:

• Mizu ya mbewuyo ndi njira iyi ya ulimi wothirira imakhala bwino kwambiri.
• Madzi samakhala pamwamba pa mbatata, yomwe imalola kuteteza zomera ku matenda ambiri komanso kusamba tizilombo pamasamba.
• Kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa chinyezi kumatheka.
• Chifukwa chakuti madzi mu mbiya amakhala ndi nthawi yotentha, mizu ya mbewu sivulazidwa monga ku ulimi wothirira ndi madzi ozizira.

Kuika ulimi wothirira kwa ulimi wothirira mbatata ndi wosavuta.. Kwa ichi muyenera:

• mbiya kapena mphamvu zina za 150-200 malita;
• zipangizo zowonjezera;
• pipeni yolimba kapena chitoliro chachitsulo chokhala ndi mamita 25 mm;
• phula losinthasintha lokhala ndi madigiri 28 mm;
• chisindikizo cha mphira;
• valve ndi valve;
• phula.

1. Pansi pa mbiya, pendani dzenje lofanana ndi kukula kwa galasi. Musanalowetse valve, gwiritsani ntchito zisindikizo za mphira kuti muteteze madzi.
2. Ikani mbiya pa dais, ndikupanga zothandizira. Izi ndi zofunika kuti pakhale mavuto oyenera komanso kupereka madzi kumalo akutali kwambiri.
3. Mu pulasitiki ya pulasitiki, pangani mabowo ndi awiri a 2-3mm, pamtunda wa masentimita 20 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito mapaipi osinthasintha pa valve ndi pipi (payipi yolimba). Phulani mapeto ena a chitoliro ndi pulagi.
5. Momwe mungayambitsire mbatata mwanjira iyi? Njira zamakono zothirira mbatata ndi izi: Pulasitiki ya pulasitiki iyenera kuikidwa mkati mwa mzere wa tchire ya mbatata; kudzera mu phula lamadzimadzi, madzi amachokera ku mbiya yamadzi kupita ku mizu ya chomera kudzera mumabowo. Mutatha kumwa kuthira mzere umodzi wa mbatata, muyenera kutseka madzi ndikusuntha chitoliro ku mzere wina.
6. Ngati mukufuna njira yabwino yochezera, zomwe sizikutanthawuza kusuntha kwa chitoliro, koma ndizowonjezereka, kenaka gwiritsani chitoliro ndi chitoliro cholimba ndi payipi yokhazikika.
7. Ikani chitoliro ichi podutsa pakati pa mizere.
8. Dulani kuti apange mabowo pazinthu zopangira (adapters).
9. Onetsetsani mapepala opyapyala pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndikuzikoka pakati pa mizere ya mbatata.
10. Ikani ma phukusi pamapeto a mapepala ndi chitoliro chachikulu. Kumbukirani kuti mphamvu ya kuthirira ikhoza kukhala yosakwanira kubzala nthawi yayitali. Muyenera kumanganso kumanga kwina kumbali inayo.
11. Kuthamanga kwa madzi kungasinthe mwa kukweza kutalika kwa mbiya.
12. Zomwe zinachitikira wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kusamalira kukhazikitsa fyuluta mu kayendedwe ka ulimi wothirira. Osati mtengo wapatali, chinthu chofunika ndikuteteza kupepuka mu dongosolo.

Zizindikiro za zolakwika

Zizindikiro za kusowa kwa chinyezi:

• Masamba akuwoneka akudumpha ndi kuwala.
• Mapesi ang'onoang'ono amayamba kufa.
• Kukula kwa zomera kumatha, masamba sangakhoze kutha.

Zizindikiro za chinyezi chimasungunuka:

• Nthani zamadzi, zimdima ndipo zikhale madzi.
• Pamunsi mwa tsinde, mawanga owuma amapangidwa, nthawizina ndi imvi yoyera kapena yoyera.

Palibe malangizo omveka bwino komanso othandizira kuthira mbatata. Zonsezi zimadalira zifukwa zingapo: nyengo ya mderalo, maonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa nthaka, mvula kapena chilimwe chilimwe. Chinthu chimodzi ndi chotsimikizika - ngati mumayang'anitsitsa zosowa za zomera zanu ndikutsatira malangizo osavuta, mu kugwa mudzasangalala ndi zokolola zomwe simunazipezeko.