Nikulinsky mbatata - okwera-ololera zosiyanasiyana. Amakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zapangidwira kuphika zokometsera chakudya, kukonza pa granulates ndi mankhwala owuma. Amafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Russia, akukula m'mayiko ena.
Mukawerenga nkhaniyi, mutha kudziwa zambiri za mbatata za Nikulinsky. Tidzakambirana za kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, makhalidwe ake apadera, makamaka njira zaulimi. Komanso tidzakambirana za matenda omwe adakali ndi kachilomboka komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingawononge bwanji mbewu.
Malo okula
Mbatata ya mbatata Nikulinsky inalowetsedwa mu kaundula wa boma la Russia mu 1996 pansi pa chiwerengero cha 15-078-99. Woyambitsa ma subspecies ndi GNU VNII. Ufuluwu ndi wa chomera cha mbatata chotchedwa A.G. Lorch.
Ma subspecies amakula kumpoto, Middle Volga, m'madera akumidzi. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'munda wa Moscow, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Perm, Nizhny Novgorod. Yakulira ku Altai, Krasnodar Krai. Oyenera kukula ku Urals ndi Siberia.
Amapezanso ku Belarus, Kazakhstan, India, China, Ukraine, Moldova. Amatha kupirira mphepo yamkuntho yozizira, kusintha kwa nyengo. Kupirira mvula yamasika, chilala, matalala.
Nikulinsky mbatata: zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera
| Maina a mayina | Nikulinsky |
| Zomwe zimachitika | medium apere tebulo mitundu Russian kuswana ndi khola zokolola |
| Nthawi yogonana | Masiku 115-120 |
| Zosakaniza zowonjezera | 12-21% |
| Misa yambiri yamalonda | 70-120 gr |
| Chiwerengero cha tubers kuthengo | 8-12 |
| Pereka | 170-300 (maximum-410) c / ha |
| Mtundu wa ogulitsa | zabwino kukoma, zabwino kuphika |
| Chikumbumtima | 95% |
| Mtundu wa khungu | chikasu |
| Mtundu wambiri | zoyera |
| Malo okonda kukula | North, North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga, Ural, East Siberia |
| Matenda oteteza matenda | moyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi mapeto ovuta kwambiri ndi tubers, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo wodula ndi mwendo wakuda, wotsutsa kwa mavairasi |
| Zizindikiro za kukula | Amayankha bwino kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo waukulu wa mchere feteleza |
| Woyambitsa | Institute of Potato Farm iwo. A.G. Lorch |
Tchire ndi zomera zazitali kwambiri. Kutalika kumatha kufika masentimita 80. Tsinde limayima ndi nthambi zambiri. Nthambiyi ndi masamba ambiri. Masamba ali ochepa, emerald. Mukhale ndi serrated m'mphepete. Halo maroon-wofiirira mthunzi. Kuchokera mkati ndi kunja kumakhala ndi mtundu woyera wa chisanu. Mtundu wa anthocyanin wa masambawo ndi wofooka kwambiri. Tizilombo tomwe timapangidwira. Khalani ndi mthunzi woyera wa chipale chofewa.
Nyerere ya chipatso ili ndi maonekedwe ake. Maso ali aang'ono, opanda mtundu. Yapezeka pa mbatata yambiri. Chimake cha mtundu wa chipale chofewa. Pamene kudula zipatso sikukhala mdima. Mmodzi wa tuber akhoza kulemera 70-120 g. Zitsanzo zazikuluzikulu zimafika 135 magalamu. Mtengo wa starch wokhazikika ndi 12-21%.
Kukoma kwa mbatata kumadalira makamaka kuchuluka kwa wowuma mu tubers yake. Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mukhoza kuona chomwe chizindikiro ichi chili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana:
| Maina a mayina | Zosakaniza zowonjezera |
| Nikulinsky | 12-21% |
| Svitanok Kiev | 18-19% |
| Cheri | 11-15% |
| Artemis | 13-16% |
| Toscany | 12-14% |
| Yanka | 13-18% |
| Lilac njoka | 14-17% |
| Openwork | 14-16% |
| Desiree | 13-21% |
| Santana | 13-17% |
Chithunzi
Chithunzichi chimasonyeza mbatata cultivar Nikulinsky
Pereka
Mbatata cultivar Ndikulinskiy khalidwe: subspecies amatanthauza mochedwa-kucha mitundu. Kuchokera ku mphukira zoyamba za mbande kuti ziwoneke bwino, masiku 115-120 amatha.
Kukolola kumatsirizika kumapeto kwa September - kumayambiriro kwa October. The subspecies ali ndi zotsika kwambiri zokolola. Ili ndi mamita 10 lalikulu. Sungani 30-45 makilogalamu zipatso. 170-300 amitundu ya mbatata amakololedwa kuchoka pa 1 ha. Mtengo wapamwamba ndi oposa 410. Makhalidwe a zamalonda amakhala 70 mpaka 95%. Zosiyanasiyanazi ndizoyenera kugulitsa ndi kugulitsa. Koma nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa kwa ogulitsa pamsika wa masamba.
Kukhazikika ndibwino kwambiri, mofanana ndi 95%. Mbatata zimasungidwa m'masitolo ozizira ozizira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ikhoza kusungidwa m'nyumba zapakhomo, zipinda zapansi, zitseko. Werengani zambiri za mawu, kutentha, malo ndi zosungirako. Za momwe mungasunge mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, pa khonde, muzitsulo, mufiriji, peeled.
Poyerekeza zokolola ndi kusunga khalidwe la zosiyanasiyana ndi ena, mungagwiritse ntchito tebulo ili m'munsimu:
| Maina a mayina | Kupereka (kg / ha) | Kukhazikika (%) |
| Nikulinsky | 170-300 | 95 |
| Elmundo | 250-345 | 97 |
| Milena | 450-600 | 95 |
| League | 210-360 | 93 |
| Vector | 670 | 95 |
| Mozart | 200-330 | 92 |
| Sifra | 180-400 | 94 |
| Mfumukazi Anne | 390-460 | 92 |
Pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza chokolola chikuwonjezeka ndi 1.5 nthawi. Chitetezo cha tubers ndi khalidwe la tebulo la chipatso sichikuwonongeka.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala, zomwe zimadyetsa ndizo zabwino komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mchere.
Cholinga
Zipatso zili ndi kukoma kwabwino. Khalani kusankhidwa kwa tebulo. Zipatso ndizochepa kwambiri. Kuchokera ku mbatata mungathe kupanga mbatata yosenda, casseroles. Mitunduyi ndi yoyenera kuphika koyamba ndi yachiwiri maphunziro.
Oyenera kupanga mapulawa a French, mipira ya mbatata, mbatata zothamanga, zipsu. Zipatso zikhoza kuphikidwa, yokazinga, kuphika, steamed ndi microweve.
Mbatata za zosiyanasiyana ndi abwino mafakitale processing.. Zakudya zowuma zimapangidwa kuchokera ku izo - ufa, wowuma, mbatata yosenda. Komanso kalasiyi ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa granulate.
Werengani nkhani zothandiza zokhudzana ndi mbatata.Kodi solanine ndi yowopsa bwanji, chifukwa zimadya ndikumwa madzi a mbatata ndipo ngati n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mizu masamba yaiwisi.
Zizindikiro za kukula
Mapuloteni a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ofanana. Udzu wachanthawi yake, kumasula, mbani mbatata. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuthirira kwina sikungalepheretse, komanso kugulira zina kumathandiza kuthetsa udzu.
Werengani zambiri za momwe kuli kofunikira kuti tipeze mbatata, chochita ndi iwo - mwaukhondo kapena pothandizira kuyenda kutsogolo kwa thirakitala, komanso ngati mungapezeko zokolola zabwino popanda kupalira ndi kuyala.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kuwonongeka kochedwa
Amadziwika ndi tizirombo zonse kupatulapo Colorado mbatata kachilomboka.
Amafuna mankhwala othandiza, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe sakhudza ubwino wa tubers. Ndiponso Nthawi zonse fufuzani tchire chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa tizilombo.
Zambiri mwatsatanetsatane zokhudzana ndi chimbalangondo, udzu wambiri, mbatata, nsabwe za m'masamba, werengani nkhani:
- Mmene mungachotsere wireworm m'munda.
- Timamenyana ndi Medvedka mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi ndi amitundu.
- Kuchotsa njenjete ya mbatata: gawo 1 ndi gawo 2.
- Kulimbana bwino ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.
Nikulinsky mbatata ali ndi chitetezo chovuta ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Ali ndi zotsika zokolola. Zingamere pa nthaka zonse.
Kulimbana ndi kusiyana kwa nyengo. Amatha kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 80. Ali ndi khalidwe la kusunga bwino komanso makhalidwe abwino kwambiri.
Werengani za njira zina za mbatata zowonjezera: teknoloji ya Dutch ndi mitundu yoyambirira. Ndiponso njira zina: pansi pa udzu, m'matumba, mu mbiya, mabokosi, kuchokera ku mbewu.
Timakupatsanso inu mitundu ina ya mbatata ndi mawu osiyana:
| Kutseka kochedwa | Kuyambira m'mawa oyambirira | Kumapeto kwenikweni |
| Picasso | Black Prince | Makhalidwe abwino |
| Ivan da Marya | Nevsky | Lorch |
| Rocco | Kumasulira | Ryabinushka |
| Slavyanka | Mbuye wa zotsamba | Nevsky |
| Kiwi | Ramos | Chilimbikitso |
| Kadinali | Taisiya | Kukongola |
| Asterix | Lapot | Milady | Nikulinsky | Caprice | Vector | Dolphin | Svitanok Kiev | Wosamalira | Sifra | Odzola | Ramona |
