Mbatata ya "Cornflower": Kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, makhalidwe, zithunzi

Zomwe zinachitikira pakhomo la kuswana zakhala zowonjezera, zomwe zimachokera ku USSR, Sineglazka, Gypsy ndi Chugunka.

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zabwino zogwira ntchito, zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana kwambiri ndi anthu ake ndi zinthu zambiri zopindulitsa komanso chitetezo cha matenda ambiri.

Mndandanda wowonjezereka wa mitundu ya Cornflower, zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi machitidwe a agrotechnical, misampha ya kulima mbatata ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda ndizo zonsezi ndi zina zotero mu nkhaniyi.

Mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana a chimanga

1. Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 70-90 (sing'anga oyambirira).



2. Sungani ma tebulo.
3. Amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya komanso zakudya za ana.
4. Ali ndi mavitamini ambiri C, E.
5. Zosiyanasiyana ndi zofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa carotenoids mu tubers.

Carotenoids ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zakuthengo zomwe zinapangidwa panthawi ya photosynthesis. Chitani ntchito ya antioxidants mu thupi la munthu.

Antioxidants amaonetsetsa kuti ziwalo zoberekera zimagwirira ntchito, khungu, mazira. Tetezani thupi ku matenda a fungal, mabakiteriya.

• Ndege zamtundu wankhondo. Anapangidwira kuti aziphika soups, mbatata yosenda, otentha ndi ozizira.
• Kukoma kwabwino.
• Kalasi yowonjezera ndi ya 12.6-16%.
• Zotheka zokolola zamtengo wapatali. Kupambana kwakukulu ku dera la Moscow ndi 182 akuluakulu a mbatata pa hekitala.
• Lili ndi khalidwe la kusunga bwino, osati locheperapo ndi 96%.
• Chitetezo cha mitundu yokolola 70-94%.
• Kawirikawiri kumvetsetsa kwa mitundu yosiyana ndi kusokonezeka maganizo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wopita kuchipatala ku America, kugwiritsa ntchito mbale za mbatata wofiira imaletsa chitukuko cha khansa, kupanga mapuloteni a koleselesi, kumalimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi komanso kumathandiza minofu ya mtima.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi mukhoza kudziwa zizindikiro monga khalidwe ndi zokolola za mbatata za mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

Mbatata za zosiyanasiyanazi zimasungidwa bwino. Werengani zambiri za nthawi, kutentha ndi zosungirako. Komanso momwe mungasungire mizu m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, muzitsulo, mufiriji, peeled.

Zizindikiro

• Chitsamba chosakanikirana chakuda, mtundu wamkati wapakati.
• Masamba otsekemera a mdima ndi osakaniza. Chomera ndi cholimba, chobiriwira chobiriwira;
• Kutentha kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tofiira kapena timabuluu-maluwa ofiira;
• Mtundu wa Anthocyanin kumbali ya mkati kuchokera wofooka mpaka wamkati.
  Anthocyanins ndi nkhani zachilengedwe. Ovekedwa mu buluu, ofiira, maluwa ofiira, peel ndi mnofu wa zipatso.
• Tsamba ndi lofiira, limatchedwa lofiirira, lokongola kwambiri.
• Kuchuluka kwake kwa thumba la malonda ndi 77-115g. Chitsamba chimodzi chimabweretsa ma tubers 15.
• Nyama ndi yoyera, yokoma pamtengo. Kusasinthasintha ndi kofiira, kofewa, kofiira mealy ndi madzi.
• Pa chithandizo cha kutentha, mtundu wofiira wa peel umatha.
• Maso ali ang'ono, mophweka.
• Mbewu zakutchire ndi zakuda kwambiri ndi nsalu yabuluu. Zomera zimadzaza zonyezimira.

Mukhoza kuyerekeza chiwerengero ichi cha chiwerengero cha tubers ndi cha mitundu ina, pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo ili pansipa:

Chithunzi

Chithunzicho chimasonyeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata ya chimanga:

Chithunzi: Natalia Smirnova, mkonzi woyamikira chifukwa cha chilolezo choti agwiritse ntchito chithunzichi.

Matenda oteteza matenda

1. Mphamvu yamtendere mitundu kuti phytophthora wa masamba ndi tubers, khansara ya mbatata;
2. Osatengeke ndi zowola makwinya, zojambulajambula;
3. Zofooka zakhudza mphete, zowola zowola, wamba wamba;
4. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayambira mbatata yopanga golide nematode.

Werengani komanso za alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillis.

Mbali za mbatata

Zomwe zimafanana, kukula kwake, zotsekemera zotsekemera zimakhala zosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kusungirako. Tingazindikire kupezeka kwa carotenoids.

Chiyambi

Potato Basil - chipatso cha ntchito zisanu zaka asayansi a Russian. Amapezeka popyola Chugunka zosiyanasiyana ndi hybrid D-31-88. Walembedwa m'kaundula ya Russian Federation monga kukwaniritsa kusankha kwa 2014 pansi pa No. 9253214.

Wofalitsa, woyambitsa, mwiniwake wa mavitamini osiyanasiyana a Cornflower ndi Institute All Research Russian of Potato Farm (VNIIKH) yotchulidwa pambuyo pake. A. G. Lorkha Russian Agricultural Academy.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalimbikitsidwa kulima ku Central, Central Black Earth, kumpoto-West madera a Russia mu minda yothandizira.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza mtundu tubers amamwa nitrate zochepa kuposa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miyambo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chiwerengero cha starch ndi mapuloteni sichichepetsedwa, ndipo mavitamini amakula.

Mu mbatata zazikulu zazikulu ziwiri za mtundu wa vitamini C mofanana ndi mandimu imodzi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi

Agrotechnical kulima mbatata mitundu Cornflower ikuphatikizapo mfundo zingapo.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbewu

Kupewa matenda a mbatata nematode n'kofunika konzani mbewu zabwino kwambiri.

1. Kubzala, wathanzi, ngakhale tubers popanda kukula, kuwonongeka kwalemera 50-75 g amasankhidwa;
2. Fulumira tubers ndi madzi amadzimadzi a mkuwa sulphate (supuni mu chidebe cha madzi);
3. Zouma, zimayikidwa mu kuwala mumodzi umodzi wa kumera.

Nthaka ndi chiwembu

Mitengo ya mbatata ya Cornflower imakonda malo a dzuwa, otetezedwa ku mphepo yamphamvu. Kupereka mbande ndi kutentha kwakukulu, mikhalidwe yopuma kukumba nthaka mutabzala kawiri - autumn ndi masika.

Kuti dothi lolemera likhale lokwanira kukula mbatata ya cornflower iwo amabweretsa zambiri zamtundu.

M'nthaka yam'madzi, mbewu imabweretsa zokolola kokha pokhapokha ntchito ikabwezeredwa ndi kubwezeretsedwa.

Tsatirani malamulo oyendetsa mbewu. Bzalani zosiyana mutatha kukula kwa sideratov, muzu wa mbewu, kabichi, nkhaka, dzungu ndi nyemba.

Mbewu zakuthupi, malingana ndi kulemera kwa tubers, zimabzalidwa molingana ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi: 70x20 masentimita, 60x25 masentimita, 60x30 masentimita.

Malangizo osamalira

• Pakadutsa masiku 14-15 mutabzala zitsulo ku masentimita 8;
• Pamene nsonga zifika kutalika kwa masentimita 15, kukwera koyamba kukuchitika. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa mipata pakati pa tchire choposa - chachiwiri;
• Mu nyengo yowuma, mitengo yothirira itatu ndi yofunikira pa nthawi yogwira ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito malita atatu a madzi pa chitsamba;
• Nthawi zambiri namsongole kapena mulch.

Ŵerengani pazomwe zili ndi malo athu othandizira pa njira zosiyanasiyana za mbatata.

Momwe mungapezere zokolola zabwino m'matumba, mbiya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono za Dutch.

Awerengenso za kulima mitundu yoyambirira, popanda kupuma ndi hilling, pansi pa udzu, mabokosi opanda pansi.

Kupewa matenda ndi kudyetsa

Pofuna kupewa phytophthora katatu pa kukula nyengo, zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana ndi mkuwa munali munali kukonzekera.

Koma feteleza, mutabzala, idyetseni ndi 10% zitosi za mbalame yankho, urea yankho (supuni pa ndowa ya madzi), manyowa (lita imodzi ya manyowa pa chidebe cha madzi), ndi mankhwala osokoneza mchere.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetse mbatata, nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.

Pofuna kulimbana ndi madyerero a Colorado ndi kuvala m'zitsime pamene mutabzala, mumakhala phulusa la nkhuni losakanikirana ndi nthaka.

Kuwononga mphutsi ndi kafadala ntchito phulusa chowawa tincture.

• Gwirani manja pang'ono 3-4 a chitsamba chowawa;
• Thirani madzi otentha;
• Onjezani phulusa la phulusa;
• Onetsetsani, perekani kuti mupange maola 3-4, fyuluta;
• Kutaya m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Kuwonjezera pa fetereza mu kulima mbatata nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi mankhwala ena ndi mankhwala.

Timakupatsani nkhani yothandiza phindu ndi ngozi za fungicides ndi herbicides.

Ngakhale kuti mbatata ya cornflower yayamba kale ankakonda kukoma, zakudya ndi kukongola kwa tuber. Amapitiriza mtundu wa mitundu yobiriwira ya buluu ndi yofiirira.

Pansi pa tebulo mudzapeza zokhudzana ndi zipangizo za mbatata ndi mawu osiyana: