Kodi beet ndi chiyani? Kufotokozera, zithunzi, kukula ndi kusamalira

Ngakhale kuti masamba a beets samadziwika ndi aliyense, amalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa. Ndipo si zokoma zokha, komanso ubwino wa chikhalidwe ichi.

M'nkhani yathu tidzakudziwitsani mwatsatanetsatane mbiri ya chiyambi cha masamba, za momwe zimakhalira komanso zosiyana kuchokera kuzinthu zamtundu wamba, kukuuzani za zonse zomwe zimapindulitsa komanso njira zogwiritsira ntchito kuphika. Mudzaphunzira momwe mungakulitsire chikhalidwe moyenera, ndi chisamaliro chotani chimene chimafunikira ndi matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zingawononge. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa mutu uwu.

Kufotokozera ndi kusiyana pakati pa beets wamba

Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa tsamba beet ndi chiyani? Dzina lachiwiri la mitunduyi ndi lojambula. Awa ndiwo subspecies a beets wamba. Pali mitundu iwiri ya masamba awa, omwe ndi tsamba ndi stalked.

Mitundu yonseyi ili ndi taproot. Komanso, chard ali ndi zokolola zambiri. M'minda yayikulu ifika 70-100 t / ha.

Mtsuko umasiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya beetroot chifukwa chosakhala ndi mizu. Chomera ichi n'chofunika ndi masamba ndi petioles, omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi thanzi lawo.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwone vidiyo yokhudza masamba a beets (chard):

Mbiri yobereka

Mbiri ya kulima chard ili ndi zaka zoposa zikwi zitatu. Izo zimachokera ku Igupto wakale ndi Roma, chifukwa chake nthawi zina chithunzichi chimatchedwa "Roman kabichi". Chifukwa cha katundu wake ndi kukoma kwake, tsamba la beets limatchuka mwamsanga pakati pa mayiko ambiri. Ku Russia, chard sichidziŵikabe, koma pang'onopang'ono imadzutsa chidwi chochuluka.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji kuphika?

Zosankha zogwiritsira ntchito tsamba la beets zambiri. Kawirikawiri, chikhalidwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano pokonzekera saladi wobiriwira, beetroot, msuzi. Monga kuwonjezera kwa maphunziro achiwiri omwe amachititsa masamba ndi otchuka. Masamba aang'ono ndi ofewa kwambiri, amatha kuphika kapena mwachangu mu mafuta.

Nthawi zina zimakhala ndi masamba a chard, awiri okha komanso ndi kabichi, ndipo zimayambira zimatenthedwa ndi kuzidya komanso katsitsumzukwa. Komanso, Ma beets amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika kabichi.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwone vidiyo yokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba la beets (chard) pakuphika:

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Chifukwa cha masamba ake owala, chard imakula bwino ngati chomera chomera.

Pali ubwino wambiri wa masamba a beets.. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kutentha koyambirira (za mitundu ina yoyambirira ya beet kuwerengedwera pano).
• Kukoma kwakukulu.
• Kudzichepetsa polima.
• Maonekedwe okongola.
• Kukolola kwakukulu.
• Fruiting yaitali.

Zowononga siziphatikizapo chisanu chabwino cha chisanu cha chikhalidwe. Ndi chomera chabwino, koma sichilola nyengo yozizira kulikonse. Russia ndi umodzi mwa mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Talemba pano za mitundu yambiri ya beet yomwe ikuyenera kukula pakatikati pa Russia, ndipo m'nkhani ino mudzaphunzira mitundu yambiri ya beets yomwe ingabzalidwe mumtsinje.

Pindulani ndi kuvulaza

Mangold akhoza kutchulidwa kuti ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimapindulitsa pazinthu zonse.. Mafuta oposa khumi ndi awiri a antipoxidants apezeka m'mamasamba ake, kuphatikizapo kaempferol, omwe amachepetsa mwayi wopita patsogolo. Pamodzi ndi kaempferol, beets a tsamba amapezeka ndi lilac acid, yomwe imayambitsa shuga ya magazi.

Mofanana ndi beets, chard imadziwika chifukwa chapamwamba kwambiri za betala - zamphamvu zowononga mankhwala. Maafesi a maafesi ali ndi mavitamini ndi macronutrients. Mwachitsanzo, masamba 100 okha okha ndiwo ali ndi magawo oposa theka la magetsiyo a thupi lathu. Mangold amathandiza kusintha mtima wamaganizo, kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwa vitamini.

Ngakhale kuti phindu la tsamba la beets ndi lofunika, ndikofunika kudziŵa kuti chiwerengero cha vitamini K chomwe chimapangidwa ndipamwamba kwambiri kuposa mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Kupitirira kwake m'thupi kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa mapiritsi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa viscosity ya magazi. Izi ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amavutika ndi mitsempha ya varicose kapena thrombophlebitis. Chinthu china chomwe sichitha kupindula kokha, komanso chivulaza - oxalic acid.

Bungwe: Choncho, anthu omwe ali ndi impso kapena mavuto a chikhodzodzo akulimbikitsidwa kuti aziphika chakudyacho asanadye.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

• Mbewu zakuthupi. Mbewu yamatchi ingagulidwe pa sitolo yapadera. Mtengo umasiyanasiyana ndi 20-200 rubles pa phukusi, malingana ndi kalasi yosankhidwa.
• Nthawi yobwera. Nthaŵi yoyenera yobzala mbewu ndi April, makamaka pakatikati kapena kumapeto kwa mwezi.
• Kusankha malo okhala. Malo okonzedwa bwino kwambiri. Ngati dzuwa silikwanira, chomeracho chidzasungunulira nitrates.
• Nthaka. Pafupifupi dothi lililonse ndiloyenera kubzala maladi - chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti ayenera kukhala omasuka komanso ochepa kwambiri. Sitiyenera kulola chinyezi chokwanira kapena kunyamula nsalu.
• Tikufika. Musanabzala, mbewu imadonthozedwa tsiku limodzi kuti imere bwino. Mbewu imabzalidwa pansi pamtunda wa masentimita awiri mpaka awiri kuchokera pa mzake, kusindikiza mpaka kuya masentimita awiri. Ngati kukwera kwachitika mofulumira kwambiri, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zofunda.
• Kutentha. Zimakhulupirira kuti kutentha kwakukulu kwa kukula beets tsamba - 15-25 digiri, panthawi yamaluwa - 20-25. Komabe, chard ingalekerere kutentha mpaka +35 ndi kuwala kwa chisanu mpaka -3. Pakati pa kutentha, zomera zimayambira zimakhala pinki, ndipo pamatentha - zobiriwira.
• Kuthirira. Mangold ndi chikhalidwe chokonda chinyontho, kukula kwake kumachepetsanso pansi panthaka youma. Ndondomeko yoyenera ya kuthirira - tsiku lililonse.
• Kupaka pamwamba. Kudyetsa chard n'kofunika pambuyo pa kudula masamba kapena petioles. Yankho la urea (10g / 10l) kapena humus ndiloyenera.
• Njira zina zothandizira. Beetti imayenera kumasulidwa ndi udzu nthawi zonse. Nthaka yosavuta imapereka mizu ndi mpweya, ndipo kusakhala namsongole kudzachepetsa mwayi wodwala kapena maonekedwe a tizirombo.
• Kukolola. Zokolola zitha kusonkhanitsidwa mkati mwa masabata asanu mutabzala mpaka nthawi ya autumn. Masamba amadulidwa kapena amangowamba pansi pamodzi ndi petioles.

Sungani yosungirako

Pali njira ziwiri zosungiramo mbewu. Ngati masamba ndi petioles ali atsopano, amadzaza ndi matumba apulasitiki ndipo amaikidwa mufiriji. Zotero, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku atatu kapena asanu. Ngati njira yoyamba si yoyenera pa zifukwa zina, chard imatsukidwa, kudulidwa, yokutidwa ndi mazira. Masamba atsopano amatsuka nthawi yomweyo asanagwiritse ntchito.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Pali matenda awiri okha omwe ali ndi beets tsamba:

• Msolo wakuda. Izi ndi matenda a fungal, omwe ndi mizu zowola. Zimakhudza makamaka mbande ndi zomera zazing'ono.
• Mame a Mealy. Matenda ena amachitidwa ndi bowa. Awonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe oyera pa masamba.

Zowonongeka kwambiri za tsamba la beets ndi aphid ndi beet utitiri.

Kupewa mavuto osiyanasiyana

Kusamalira zochitika za chisamaliro cha masamba ndi chitsimikiziro cha kukolola kochuluka.. Ndikwanira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza nthawi ndi kusalola madzilogging.

Kutsiliza

Mangold - chikhalidwe chodzichepetsa komanso chosavuta kuyeretsa. Pa bedi lakumunda kapena m'munda, sizingakhale zokondweretsa diso, koma zimabweretsanso madalitso ambiri.