Kusamalira kosachepera ndi kukolola kwakukulu - ndithu! Zinsinsi zowonjezera mankhwala a mandimu kunyumba

Kuzizira kozizira kwambiri, mukufuna kutentha ndi kapu ya tiyi, kutentha kwa chilimwe ndi zitsamba. Ndipo chikhumbo ichi chiri chotheka kwambiri!

Mwadzala zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira mandimu mu mphika pawindo, mudzapeza tiyi ya zitsamba, ndi zakumwa zina, chaka chonse.

M'nkhani yomwe tikukambiranayi tidzakambirana za mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mandimu ku kulima kwanu, komanso zovuta za kubzala ndi kusamalira zomera zonunkhira.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yobzala kunyumba

Ambiri akudabwa ngati n'zotheka kunyumba kudzala chomera mu mphika. Inde inde. Kubzala mu chidebe mitundu yotsatira ya mandimu ndi yabwino.

"Mafuta a Lemon"

Chomeracho chimakula mpaka kufika masentimita 60, ndi kulemera kwathunthu kwa masamba a masamba obiriwira akhoza kufika 120 magalamu. Zili ndi zonunkhira, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso zowuma.

"Peyala"

Chomera chokhazikika chimakula mpaka masentimita 70, ndipo zokolola zimatha kufika ku 5.6 makilogalamu pa chitsamba chonse.

"Wopusa"

Osatha herbaceous chomera. Masamba ndi ofiira a mdima, a pubescent. Maluwawo ndi aang'ono, oyera. Kutalika kwa chitsamba chachikulu kumafika 70 mpaka 90 centimita. Ali ndi kukoma kokoma kwa mandimu.

"Mojito"

Osatha, kukula kwa 50 - 60 cm mu msinkhu. Ili ndi kukoma kokoma ndi fungo la mandimu. Mitengo yabwino yokonzekera tiyi ndi saladi, zokometsera, sauces. Kukolola - 4 makilogalamu kuchokera ku chitsamba kuchokera chaka chachiwiri cha kukula.

"Golide Woyera"

Chimake chokongola, masamba a mthunzi wa golidi. Maluwawo ndi oyera poyamba, atatha - amakhala ndi nsalu zofiirira.

Kusankha malo

Izi zonunkhira ndizokwanira kukula mu nyumba: zimapeza malo onse pawindo, ndi pa loggia kapena khonde (ngati atenthedwa m'nyengo yozizira, koma ikhoza kukhala yabwino ku 5C - + 10C), kuwala kokwanira (yosangalatsa mawindo kutsogolo ndi kum'mwera, kum'mwera, kum'mwera chakumadzulo).

Ground

Nthaka imene Melissa amafunika ikhale yopanda thanzi.bwino. Zomwe nthaka ikuyenera kuchita sayenera kulowerera ndale kapena asidi pang'ono.

Chifukwa chodzala mu mphika, mukhoza kugula gawo lapansi lonse mu sitolo yapadera, ndipo mukhoza kukonzekera dothi lodziphatikiza nokha: mofanana mofanana, kusakaniza munda, mchenga ndi humus.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri. Pokula melissa mbande mu mabokosi, mukhoza kudzaza gawo lapansi lokhala ndi gawo limodzi la humus, gawo limodzi la nthaka, mchenga wambiri ndi galasi la phulusa.

Poto

Miphika ya pulasitiki yozungulira yonse ndi yabwino kukula ndi mandimu pawindoamene kuya kwake ndi 15 - 20 masentimita, ndipo voliyumu - 1.5 - 2 malita. Zinthu zoyenera: pansi pa mphika ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo, ndipo pansi pa tangi ayenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi (zowonjezera dongo, njerwa zosweka, miyala yaing'onoting'ono, miyala yochepa, etc.), zomwe zidzatulutsa madzi ochulukirapo.

Njira zobalana ndi kulima

Mbewu

Kenaka, timalingalira momwe tingasankhire ndi kubzala mbewu za mbeu kuti tizitsuka mandimu kunyumba - pawindo kapena pa khonde. Zomwe zimabzala zingathe kugulitsidwa mu sitolo yapadera, posankha, zofunikira zimaperekedwa kwa mbewu zosauka, pamene zimangomera msanga.

Mungathe kusonkhanitsa nokha mbeu: kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, muyenera kudula mapesi ndi nyemba, kusonkhanitsani mulu, woumamwa kupachikidwa mu dera louma, lakuda, lopuma mpweya wabwino.

Zowuma zouma zimayikidwa mu thumba lathumba ndi kupunthira, ndiye zomwe zili mu thumba zimachotsedwa.

1. Mbewu sizimafunika kuti ikhale yodzaza kapena yodzala. Pofuna kuteteza matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, amatha kutsukidwa ndi njira yofiira ya potaziyamu permanganate musanafese.
2. Pansi pa chidebecho, madzi amadzaza (1-3 masentimita), kenako nthaka, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera ku botolo la kutsitsi.
3. Mbewu ya mandimu ya mandimu imayenera kusakanizidwa ndi mchenga komanso kusagwedezeka mu nthaka yonyowa (0.5 - 1 cm).
4. Chophimba cham'mwamba chiyenera kutsekedwa ndi galasi kapena kumangiriza pepala la pulasitiki, lomwe lingachotsedwe ndi maonekedwe a mphukira zoyamba. Tsiku lirilonse, "kutentha" kutsegulidwa kuti ventilate ndi kuchotsa condensate.
5. Chidebecho chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha (+ 20 ° C - + 25 ° C), kuonetsetsa kuti madzi okwanira ndi okwanira (1 masiku awiri alionse).
Ndikofunika. Pomwe maonekedwe akuyamba akuwoneka, kuchuluka kwa kuwala kuyenera kuwonjezeka pogwiritsa ntchito magwero owonjezera a kuunikira madzulo.
6. Pamene mbande zikukula mpaka 3-5 masentimita ndipo muli masamba 3-4 oona (pakadutsa masiku 40-45), ayenela kugwedezeka m'magawo osiyana kapena kukhala ochepa thupi.

Kenaka mukhoza kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa momwe mungamere ndi mandimu ku mbewu:

Mbande

Ngati mutatha kupeza mbande ya mandimu, ndiye malangizo oti mubzala mubotolo ndi awa:

1. Mu mphika ayenera kutsanulira madzi okwanira (2 - 3 cm), ndiye - gawo lapansi.
2. Mu gawo lapansi kuti mupangire phokoso limene lingachepetse zonunkhira, muwongolere bwinobwino mizu yake yonse.
3. Onse void ayenera kudzazidwa ndi primer.
4. Nthaka ikuyenera kuthandizidwa, makamaka kuzungulira tsinde la mbewu.
5. Mu mphika umodzi mukhoza kubzala 2 zomera kamodzi.

Cuttings

1. Mbali yamakono ya masamba a mandimu ayenera kudulidwa. Mutha kuzimitsa zonunkhira zogulidwa pamsika njira iyi.
2. Ikani kudula m'madzi.
3. Pambuyo poonekera mizu (pambuyo pa 1.5 - 2 milungu), chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa pansi.
4. Pansi pa thanki ayenera kutsanulira madzi okwanira 2 - 3 masentimita (dothi lofutukuka, njerwa yosweka, etc.), ndiye - gawo lapansi.
5. M'nthaka ndikofunika kupanga nthawi yochepa, yomwe iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi mizu yonse ya kudula.
6. Sungani zitsulozo pansi, mudzaze voids ndi gawo lapansi.
7. Nthaka yozungulira kudula iyenera kupanikizidwa ndi manja kuti izikhala bwino.
8. Kwa masiku awiri chidebe ndi chomera chimayikidwa pamthunzi.

Kugawa chitsamba

Thandizo Nthaŵi yabwino ya njira yoperekera imeneyi ndikumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May kapena kumapeto kwa mwezi wa August.

1. Mafuta a mandimu osapitirira zaka zitatu amachotsedwa mosamala kuchoka ku mphika wakale kapena kuchokera pansi. Ndikofunika kubzala nthaka kuchokera ku mizu.
2. Chomera chokhala ndi mizu chimadulidwa ngakhale mbali kuti gawo lirilonse liri ndi miyeso yofanana ndi mizu 4-5.
3. Ikani magawo ayenera kukhala ndi ufa ndi wopanikizidwa.
4. Mbali za zomera zimabzalidwa miphika yatsopano yokonzedwa (ngalande, gawo).

Chisamaliro

• Kutentha. The optimum kutentha kwa zonunkhira ndi + 18С - + 22С. Pamwamba pamitengo thermometer imakhala yovomerezeka ulimi wothirira kuchokera botolo la kutsitsi.
• Kuthirira. Mphuno mumphika nthawi zambiri imathirira katatu pa sabata, kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku kungapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito botolo lachitsulo (kasupe ndi chilimwe) - izi zidzakuthandizani kuti masamba a chomera akhale osakaniza ndi owopsa. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kutumizidwa ku madzi okwanira - 1 - 2 pa mlungu.
• Kuwala. Chomera ichi ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri, chomwe chimakonda dzuwa lowala kwambiri, ndipo pazikhalidwe za kulima m'nyumba - m'nyengo yozizira kuwonjezera kuunikira (nthawi yonse ya tsiku iyenera kukhala maola 8 mpaka 10).
• Kupaka pamwamba. Chitsamba chomera chimafuna chakudya chowonjezera. Pamwamba pa kuvala zomera mu mphika nthawi zambiri zimabala kawiri pamwezi. Monga feteleza, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala (tiyi yogona, dothi la mazira, biohumus), mchere (nayitrogeni ndi potashi-phosphorous) ndi feteleza ovuta kwa zomera (Agrolife, Growth, etc.).
• Pewani. Pofuna kuti chitsamba chikhale chamtundu ndipo chimakhala chobiriwira, nsonga zimachokera ku chomera cha 10 mpaka 15 cm.
• Kudulira. Kudulira mphukira kuyenera kukhala kawiri pa nyengo kuti mbewu iwononge mphamvu zake zonse kuti zikule masamba obiriwira. Pa cholinga chomwecho, chotsani maluwa.
• Kutsegula. Melissa, wamkulu pawindo, "amakonda" pamene mpweya uli ndi ufulu wopita ku mizu, choncho nthawi ndi nthawi zimayenera kumasula nthaka.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kutulutsa mafuta a mandimu ndi chinyezi chokhazikika mu mizu yake kungawachititse iwo kuvunda. Komanso, kusamalidwa koteroko kumayambitsa chomera chomera ndi matenda monga powdery mildew, dzimbiri ndi malo oyera.

Ndikofunikira pozindikira zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa ndi zizindikiro zowonongeka ndi tizilombo toononga, kusintha ndondomeko ya ulimi wothirira ndi kutumiza mphika kuti ukhale wosungika. Kuteteza chomera imfa chomera chokhudzidwa chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi mapangidwe apadera.

Kodi ndi nthawi yotani yokolola?

Pa nyengo yokula, masamba amadula 3 mpaka 4 ndi mpeni kapena lumo, kuyambira pamwamba.

Mafuta ambiri amathira mafuta ofunikira, malo abwino kwambiri owuma zitsamba ndi mthunzi, kutentha kwake ndi 35C. Melissa atakhala bwino, amaikidwa m'mbiya yosungira madzi yomwe imasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Kusunthira zonunkhira sikungakhale kwanzeru: zothandiza zonse za zitsamba zidzatayika .

Melissa ndi chomera chothokoza kwambiri: chimafuna chisamaliro chochepa, koma chimapatsa mwiniwake zinthu zina zothandiza, zonunkhira zokoma ndi zokoma zokoma za gastronomic.