Sorrel - mavitamini enieni. Mamasamba ake muli zowonjezera ma vitamini B, C ndi K, zitsulo, chitsulo, phosphorous, potaziyamu, zomwe ziri zofunika kwambiri ku thupi la munthu. Choncho, nthawi zambiri amakula pambuyo. Mwatsoka, sorelo ndi matenda osiyana kwambiri ndi tizirombo. Kukula chomera choyenera, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro la matenda komanso njira zomwe amachitira nawo.
Matenda okumera c chithunzi
Komanso, zidzalingaliridwa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa tizilombo ndi matenda omwe sululu angakhudzidwe nawo, momwe angagwirire nawo ndi momwe angawachitire, ndi mitundu ya zowonongeka zowonjezera zimaperekedwa muchithunzichi.
Perinosporosis
Perinosporosis amadziwika kuti downy mildew, nthawi zambiri amachiza masamba a sorelo. Ndi matenda a fungal.
Ndi kuzizira komanso kutentha kwambiri kumakula kwambiri. Zimanyamula ndi mvula ndi mphepo. Pamene peronospora pa masamba anapanga imvi-phokoso pachimake. Zimakhala zotumbululuka, zimayamba kuzizira pansi, zimakhala zowopsya komanso zowumitsa. Zotsatira zake, tsamba lokhudzidwa limafa.
Ndikofunikira! Matendawa amapitirizabe kumapazi akufa. Choncho, kuchotsa izo, ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba zikuwonekera, chotsani chomera chokhudzidwa.
Kuchokera ku mankhwala amatanthauza wamaluwa amakonda:
- Previkur;
- Posakhalitsa;
- Vitaros.
Mankhwala awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi. Kusakanizidwa ndi madzi mu chiwerengero chawonetsedwa pa phukusi, kawirikawiri ndi 1:10. Kuwonjezera apo, kuti muthane ndi matendawa, muyenera kutenga makapu awiri akuluakulu a mpiru wouma komanso kuphatikiza ndi malita 10 a madzi owiritsa. Sorrel imatulutsidwa ndi njira iyi kawiri pa tsiku kwa sabata. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, komanso kumenyana nawo poyambirira, sorelo iyenera kutsitsidwa ndi zothetsera Bordeaux kusakaniza ndi mkuwa sulphate.
Kutupa
Kutupa, kumakhudza munda zomera, pali mitundu yambiri. M'dera lotentha, Puccinia acetosae ndi wamba. Zimadziwika ngati mawonekedwe a mtundu wa chikasu. Pakapita nthawi, amatha kutulutsa ndi kutulutsa spores za mtundu wa lalanje, omwe amanyamula matendawa. Ndi chimodzimodzi mwinamwake ukhoza kuchitika pa zimayambira, petioles ndi masamba a sorelo.
Chenjerani! Kuwonjezera fetereza ya phosphate-potassium kumachepetsa kwambiri ngozi ya dzimbiri.
Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda, masamba a matenda ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa mosamala mu thumba la pulasitiki, kuchotsedwa pa tsamba kapena kutentha. Pakatha masabata awiri, mbande zimayenera kutsukidwa ndi njira yothetsera mkuwa sulphate kapena potaziyamu permanganate. M'nyengo yophukira, malowa ayenera kukumbidwa ndi kuthiridwa ndi humus ndi utuchi.
Komanso, Pofuna kutentha dzimbiri, mungagwiritse ntchito osakaniza magalamu 20 sopo ndi 1 magalamu a mkuwa. The chifukwa osakaniza ndi kuchepetsedwa mu lita imodzi ya utakhazikika madzi owiritsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa tsiku sabata iliyonse. Komanso, mankhwala monga Fitosporin ndi Plangiz amathandiza kulimbana ndi dzimbiri. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga yankho, kuchepetsedwa m'madzi pa chiŵerengero cha 1:10.
Grey kuvunda
Mofanana ndi matenda ambiri a fungalesi, amapezeka kwambiri kutentha komanso m'nyengo yamvula. Zowola zimadziwika ngati mawonekedwe akuluakulu a bulauni, pang'onopang'ono kukula kukula. Masamba a sorrel amachepa, amamasuka komanso amadzila mwamsanga.
Matendawa amafalikira kumalo oyandikana nawo mofulumira. Choncho, kumayambiriro kwa matendawa ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbeuyo panthawi yake. Ngati zowonongeka sizitsuka, mbande zikhoza kuperedwa ndi njira yothetsera phulusa, nthaka choko ndi mkuwa sulphate.
Fungicides otsatirawa amathandiza kulimbana bwino ndi nkhungu:
- Alirin-B;
- Pseudobacterin-2;
- Fitosporin-M;
- Planriz;
- Trichodermin.
Mankhwalawa ali m'gulu la biofungicides. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi zinthu zomwe ziri zotetezeka ku thupi laumunthu, koma zimayambitsa spores ndi bowa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata kwa mwezi umodzi. Pofuna kupeza yankho, 4 ml ya kukonzekera kulikonse amatengedwa ndi kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Mwa mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Readzole ndi Topsin-M. Mankhwalawa amatsitsidwa m'madzi pa chiŵerengero cha 1:10.
Pofuna kupewa kuvila imvi, sorelo iyenera kubzalidwa m'malo owala komanso otenthetsa mpweya. Nthawi yowonongeka kwa nthaka pozungulira sorelo ndi phulusa kapena laimu pa mlingo wa 10-15 g pa shrub adzakhala othandiza. Kuphatikiza kwa nthaka ndi peat kumathandiza bwino.
Kupatula
Septoria kapena nyemba yotchedwa sorelo ndi matenda a fungal. Makamaka mwakhama kukula m'mikhalidwe yapamwamba chinyezi. Zimakhudza masamba, mapesi ndi mapesi a zomera. Awonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe a kuwala ndi malire a mdima. Nthaŵi zina, mawanga amakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira, ndipo malire ndi achikasu. Amakula pang'onopang'ono mpaka atakhala pamtunda wonsewo. Kenaka tsamba limalira ndi kugwa, ndipo tsinde limasanduka bulauni ndi kupindika. Chisokonezo choterechi chafooka kwambiri, chimawombera matenda ena.
Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda, masamba odwala amawonongedwa. Zomera zimapangidwa ndi mankhwala okonzekera kapena fungicides. Makamaka zothetsera ndi mkuwa wokhutira - mkuwa sulfate, Bordeaux madzi. Mutatha kukolola nthaka ikukumba, feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndalama zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ngati njira yothetsera vutoli.
Chenjerani! Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa Bordeaux madzi ndi mkuwa sulfate zidzakhala zothandiza. Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kukhala yocheperapo kusiyana ndi yomwe imafunika kuchiza matenda.
Kuti kupewa septoria, humus ndi peat ziyenera kuwonjezedwa kunthaka. Pochotseratu matendawa, mukhoza kudya kilogalamu ya tsabola wofiira ndikutsanulira 10 malita a madzi, kenako mtengowo umaperekedwa kwa masiku awiri. Sorelo imapulitsidwa ndi Chinsinsi ichi chodziwika kamodzi pa tsiku, kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Mame a Mealy
Chimodzi mwa matenda oopsa kwambiri a sorelo. Zimakhudza zonse zimayambira ndi masamba a zomera. Awonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe a maluwa oyera omwe amalowa mkati mwa mdima wakuda wa glutocarpia (matupi a zipatso za causative agent fungus).
Kuchiza ndi kupewa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono komanso zamagetsi. Kuchokera ku mankhwala amtundu, soda ndi mankhwala sopo amathandiza kulimbana ndi powdery mildew. Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala ndi awa:
- Learnzole;
- mkuwa sulphate;
- Topaz;
- colloidal sulfure;
- Byleton
Kukonzekera kumeneku ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi pa chiŵerengero cha 1:10, ndiyeno kupopera sorelo kumachitika. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira, m'pofunika kutenga supuni ya supuni ya supuni ndi supuni ya supuni ya sopo, kenaka panganizani malita 4 a madzi. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti chomera chomwe chikukhudzidwacho chimayambidwa kawiri pa tsiku kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matendawa, sorelo imalimbikitsidwa kupopera 2% njira ya mkuwa sulphate.
Ovularosis
Ndi matenda a fungal omwe amakhudza sorelo yokha. Ovulariasis amadziwonetsera ngati mtundu waung'ono, wofiira-bulauni ndi malo owala komanso mdima wofiirira. Pakapita nthawi, amakula kukula mpaka 10-15 mm ndikuphatikiza. Tsamba la kachilomboka kakuma ndi kugwa. Pamunsi mwa tsamba la tsambali muli mtundu wofiirira. M'nyengo yamvula, amaoneka ngati imvi maluwa.
Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, masamba okhudzidwawo amawonongedwa. Pambuyo kudula, n'kosatheka kubzala sorelo kachiwiri kumalo omwewo kwa zaka 4. Pambuyo pa soreloyo yathyoledwa, zomera zathanzi zimachitidwa ndi Fitoverm, 4 ml yokonzekera madzi okwanira lita imodzi. Thandizo la nthawi imodzi.
Monga momwe mukuonera, matenda omwe amapezeka ndi sorelo kwambiri. Ndipo ali ndi tizirombo zambiri. Komabe, ngati muwona kuti matendawa amatha nthawi ndikuteteza njira zoyenera, zokolola zimapulumutsidwa ndipo zimakondweretsani nthawi yonse ya chilimwe.
