Kuwonongeka kochedwa kapena "kuvunda kofiira" ndi matenda oopsa komanso owopsa omwe amachititsa olima ambiri mavuto, makamaka pamene akukula tomato. Kuwonongeka kochedwa ndi matenda a fungal omwe amakhudza kwambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato.
Mawanga a Brown amaoneka pamayambira ndi masamba, maonekedwe oyera omwe ali pansi pa tsamba, ndipo zipatso zobiriwira zimatembenuka wakuda.
Matendawa ndi owopsa kwa mbewu yonse, ndipo zipatso sizinali zosiyana, choncho alimi akulima kuyesa kubzala mbewu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda owopsa. Matendawa amakhudza mbali zonse za zomera, kuphatikizapo zipatso, choncho anthu ambiri amasankha mitundu ya phwetekere yomwe imatsutsana ndi phytophthora. Kwenikweni, kwambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi mochedwa choipitsa tomato ndi hybrids. M'nkhaniyi, tiona mitundu yomwe imapirira matendawa.
Kuopsa kwa "kuvunda bulauni"
Phytophthora ndi owopsa kwa zomera zambiri za banja la nightshade.. Phytophthora infestans ndi dzina la causative wothandizira matendawo, kutanthauza "chimene chimapha mbewu." Ndipo dzinali ndi loyenerera, monga momwe maonekedwe a matendawa akuyambira, zowera zimayambira pa chipatso, chomwe chimakula pang'onopang'ono ndi kununkhiza. Tomato ndi opunduka ndipo amagwa.
Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira zomera kuchokera ku phytophthora, mukhoza kutaya zonse zokolola za tomato.
Tomato omwe amatsutsana ndi vuto lochedwa komanso matenda a greenhouses
Palibe tomato, yomwe imatha kukhala 100% chifukwa cha vuto losadwala, abambo okhawo adabzala zobiriwira zomwe zimabzala kale kwambiri kuposa momwe matendawa amayamba kukhalira. Ganizirani mitundu yambiri yodakanizidwa ndi kukana phytophthora, zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zibzalidwe pamtambo.
Mlimi
Choyamba kucha, zosiyana siyana. Chitsamba mpaka mamita 2, kuchokera ku mphukira yoyamba kukolola kumatenga masiku 100. Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino, muyenera kupanga chitsamba mu 2 zimayambira, zigawo zina zotsala zimachotsedwa, ndipo zingwe zimangirizidwa.
Nthawi yaitali fruiting imayamba mkatikati mwa chilimwe ndipo imapitirira mpaka woyamba chisanu. Zipatso zolemera mpaka 360 magalamu, pamene iwo ali ndi kukoma kokoma ndi fungo. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kulekerera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Zosiyanasiyana Ogorodnik ali amphamvu chitetezo chokwanira kwa phytophthora.
Gypsy
Saladi, yololera kwambiri, pakatikati pa nyengo yosakanizidwa, ndi kukula kwa mbeu. Mbatata yoyamba ikhoza kulawa tsiku la 110 mutabzala. Chitsamba sichiri chachikulu, mtundu wa deterministic, sichimakula kuposa mamita 1.3 mu msinkhu, sichifuna thandizo ndi garters.
Kuti tipeze kuchuluka kwa zipatso za Gypsy zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi, ziyenera kupangidwa kukhala zimayambira zitatu.
Fruiting carpatus pa tomato 5 pa bura limodzi. Zipatso zopitirira magalamu 180 ndi kukoma kokoma. Tomato amalekerera kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kuyenda. Chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwa matenda ambiri.
Academician Sakharov
Pakatikati pa nyengo, mitundu yayitali ndi aubwenzi fruiting pa tsiku la 90 pambuyo pa kumera. Chipatso chikhalidwe ndi Academic Sakharovpamene zipatso zikulemera mpaka theka la kilo.
Kusungirako kosauka, monga chipatso chimakhala chowawa kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi vuto lochedwa ndi matenda ena a tizilombo.
Resonance
Yoyamba, zana limodzi la masiku wosakanizidwa. Amalekerera kutentha kwakukulu, chilala. Chitsamba si chachikulu, chimakula kufika mamita limodzi ndi hafu mu msinkhu. Masamba onsewa akulemera magalamu 300, ndi kukoma kokoma. Alibe ubwino wabwino wosunga komanso kuyenda, komanso matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo phytophthora.
Union 8 F1
Yoyamba wosakanizidwa, ndi kukula kwa masiku 100. Mitundu ya Buluu Uliwonse 8 F1 kawirikawiri imakula pamwamba pa mita.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti zipatso zopitirira 125 magalamu zimapsa kwambiri, pakuti masabata awiri oyambirira a fruiting zosiyanasiyana zimapereka 60% ya mbewu. Zipatso ndizochepa kwambiri, choncho zimanyamula popanda kuperewera ndipo zasungidwa bwino. Wosakanizidwa ndi wotsutsana ndi matenda ambiri.
Mitundu ina
- Rose of the Winds.
- Snowdrop
- Alaska.
- Nkhani yachisanu.
- Alpatiev 905.
- Kalonga wamng'ono
- Budenovka.
Ndi mitundu yanji yoyamba kucha yomwe ili ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri?
Phytophthora - ikhoza kukhala pansi, pamtunda wachitsulo ndikuchotsamo icho chosatheka, koma n'zotheka kudzala mitundu ya tomato yomwe imatetezeka ndi bowawa.
Tatyana
Chokhazikika, wosakanizidwa ndi nthawi ya zomera, ndi chitsamba chamtunda kuposa mamita atatu.
Mitundu ya tomato Tatiana imayamba kuphuka patapita masiku 100 kuchokera kumisonkhano. Pa brush 1 imadzala zipatso 7, masekeli 400 magalamu.
Zipatso zimakhala zokongola kwambiri, zofiira komanso zochepa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yokwera-yobala kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi, mukhoza kupeza zipatso zopitirira 8 kg.
Kadinali
Mitengo ya tomato Kakhadali wamtali, osadulidwa, chitsamba chimakafika mamita 2. Kuyambira kucha, amapereka zokolola kwa masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbeu yoyamba.
Chikhalidwe chimagonjetsedwa ndi vuto lochedwa ndi matenda.
Mdima
Kutalika, pakatikati pa nyengo yamtundu wosakanizidwa, omwe sagwidwa ndi matenda a fungal. kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi 2 mamita kapena kuposa.
Kalasi Black zipatso ikuyamba kupereka pa zana la zana pambuyo pa kumera. Zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zodabwitsa chifukwa zimakhala ndi tomato wofiirira.
Mpaka 8 kg za zipatso zolemera makilogalamu 170 aliyense akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku chitsamba china cha Black.. Imalekerera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake komanso kusungirako nthawi yaitali
Carlson
Msuzi wosakanikirana, wamtali, wosakwanira womwe umayamba kuika zipatso pa tsiku 80 pambuyo pa kumera.
Zokolola za Karlson zosiyanasiyana ndi zazikulu, mpaka makilogalamu 10 kuchokera ku chitsamba, pomwe phwetekere lilemera 200 g. Chitsamba chimafunika kupanga ndi kumangidwa.
Chomeracho n'cholimba kwambiri ku matenda ambiri komanso matenda a fungal.
De barao
De Barao zosiyanasiyana - zosakwanira zofanana ndi kutalika kwa chitsamba kuposa mamita 2. Chitsamba chilichonse chimapanga 10 maburashi ndi 6 zipatso zopitirira 300 magalamu. Zosiyanasiyana ndi pakati pa nyengo, masiku zana, chilengedwe chonse.
Lili ndi khalidwe labwino la kusunga, silimataya mauthenga ake panthawi yopititsa. Wosakanizidwa ndi wotsutsana ndi matenda ambiri.
Mitundu ina
- Gulu lakuda la F1.
- Black pear.
- Union 8.
- Lark
- Karotinka.
- Tsar Petro
Ma hybrids ochepa kwambiri
Mitundu yamakono ya tomato imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato yomwe ikhoza kukhala wamkulu popanda magalasi ndi shrub kupanga.
Dubrava
Izi ndizowonjezereka, kukula kwa chitsamba sichimafika pamtunda wa masentimita 60.
Mbewu yoyamba ya zosiyanasiyana Dubrava ikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pa tsiku la makumi asanu ndi atatu (80) kutuluka kwa mbande.
Maphunzirowa ndi okwezeka, nthawi yomweyo safuna garter ndi pasynkovaniye. Popeza chomeracho chikayamba kucha, sichikudwala ndi kuchepa kochedwa m'nyengo ya kukula.
Resonance
Resonance mosiyanasiyana mtundu wosakanizidwa, chitsamba kutalika 1.2 mamita. Amafuna mapangidwe a chitsamba, choncho nthawi yonse yolima nyengo imapanga mbali zigawo.
Zokolola zochokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana Mitengo yotsalira imapezeka pambuyo pa masiku 90.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti chikhalidwechi chimapirira mosalekeza kusowa kwa chinyezi, ndipo sichikumana ndi matenda wamba a banja la nightshade.
Amamera
Mitundu yambiri ya tomato Yachimake - yambiri, yeniyeni, yochepa. Mitengo ndi yaying'ono, yaying'ono, yokwana masentimita 45. Kuchokera mu chomera chimodzi mukhoza kutenga 3 makilogalamu a zipatso zokoma, zonunkhira, zolemera magalamu 60 aliyense.
Chozizwitsa cha Orange
Nyamayi yoyamba kucha, tomato yoyamba ikhoza kuyesedwa kale kwa masiku 90 pambuyo pa mphukira. Kulemera kwa chipatso chimodzi ndi magalamu 400. Imakula bwino ndipo imabala zipatso popanda kusowa chinyezi. Zabwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi phytophthora ndi matenda.
Perseus
Kuyambira kucha, yochepa (70cm), zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana. Kulemera kwa phwetekere imodzi ndi magalamu 120, mukhoza kukolola masiku 90-100 mutakula. Zosiyanasiyana za Perseus zilibe matenda ambiri opatsirana ndi opatsirana.
Ndipo zambiri?
- Kalonga wamng'ono
- Grotto.
- Kuboola.
- Kudzaza koyera.
- Berry.
- Mtima wa Orange.
- Kuwala kwa Moscow.
Njira zothandizira
Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuteteza tomato ku phytophtora, nthawizina palibe njira ndi kukonzekera kumathandiza kukhalabe ndi zokolola zabwino.
Choncho Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kupewa matenda.
- Njira yoyamba yotetezera ikhoza kutchedwa kukula tomato m'mitengo yobiriwira, chifukwa kumeneko ndi kosavuta kupanga zinthu zapadera zomwe matendawa sali kufalikira, ndipo tomato imakula mwamphamvu komanso yathanzi.
- Mu wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino, wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
- Nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha imayenera kusamalidwa motetezedwa asanayambe kubzala, monga phytophtora spores ikhoza kukhala pansi.
- Mukadzala tomato potseguka pansi, muyenera kusankha malo odzola mpweya wabwino, pamene kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, mwinamwake phytophthora amadzuka mwamsanga ndikuyamba kuchita.
Ndibwino kuti muzindikire kuti simukusowa kulima zomera ndi zinthu zakuthupi, zingayambitsenso matenda.- Kuthirira kumapangidwira kokha pansi pazu, chifukwa ngati nyengo yamvula imakhala, chinyezi chimatha kukhala pansi pa masamba a chomera, chomwe chidzayambitsa matenda ndi bowa. Kuthirira kumachitika m'mawa kwambiri.
- Pozindikira madontho a mdima pa chomeracho, chichotseni pansi popanda kukhumudwa ndikuchiwotcha, kotero kuti mudzasunga zokolola zanu.
Ndibwino kuti muzindikire kuti simukusowa kulima zomera ndi zinthu zakuthupi, zingayambitsenso matenda.Kutsiliza
Inde, alimi omwe ali ndi zamasamba amadziwa kuti tomato sali odwala mochedwa kwambiri, sakhalapo m'chilengedwe, koma mungapewe matendawa m'deralo.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchita zowononga, musanadzale kuti muwononge mbewu ndi dothi. Muyenera kugula mitundu yambiri yomwe imapirira matenda osiyanasiyana..
