Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere "Oyambirira ku Siberia" ndi wotchuka kwambiri

Pazaka zambiri za kukhalapo kwake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere ku Siberia yoyamba kukhwima ingathe kukhazikitsa pakati pa wamaluwa.

Anakhazikitsidwa ndi obereketsa a Russian Federation mu 1959. Nyama za phwetekere zosiyanasiyana zakucha ku Siberia zinkapezeka pakudutsa mitundu yambiri ya Hybrid 114 ndi Hybrid 534/1, pambuyo pake kusankha kwake kunapangidwa.

Kulongosola kwathunthu kwa zosiyanasiyana, zizindikiro zake ndi zida zowonjezera zitha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi pansipa.

Phwetekere ku Siberia kumayambiriro: kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana

Mwa mtundu wa kukula kwa chitsamba, mitundu iyi ndi ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato. Kutalika kwake kwa tchire kungakhale kuyambira makumi atatu mpaka makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zinayi zamentimita. Tsinde limadziwika ndi masamba amphamvu. Masambawa ndi osakaniza ndi ofiira kapena wobiriwira. Stamb siyimapanga.

Nthawi yakucha ku Siberia nthawi zambiri imatchedwa mitundu yoyamba yakucha, chifukwa imatenga kuchokera ku zana limodzi ndi khumi ndi zisanu mpaka masiku zana ndi makumi atatu kuchokera pamene mphukira yoyamba ikuyamba. Ndilimbana ndi malo ofiira ndi mafilimu a fodya, komanso matenda ena, amasonyeza kusakanikirana pang'ono. Tomato a zosiyanasiyanazi akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutchire.

Zopindulitsa zazikulu za phwetekere mitundu yoyambirira ya Siberia ingatchedwe:

• Zipatso zabwino;
• Kusakaniza kozizira;
• Universality ya zipatso ntchito;
• Kudzichepetsa;
• Nthawi yaitali ya fruiting;
• Kukaniza matenda ena.

Zowononga za alimi a "Siberia" akulima:

• Obsolescence mwamakhalidwe.
• Kulephera kupikisana ndi mitundu yatsopano yamakono m'njira zambiri.

Monga momwe mukuonera, zolephera izi ndizomwe zimagwira ntchito.

Phunzirani zambiri za matenda omwe amapezeka ndi phwetekere m'malo obiriwira. Tidzakulankhulaninso za njira zoyenera kuthana nazo.

Pa tsamba lathuli mudzapeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi mavuto monga Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillis, Phytophlorosis ndi njira zoteteza Phytophthora.

Zizindikiro

• Kuchuluka kwa tomato mu tomato zosiyanasiyana kumakhala masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi kapena khumi ndi khumi.
• Zili ndi phokoso lozungulira kapena lozungulira ndi lofiira.
• Chiwerengero cha makamera mu phwetekere imodzi chikhoza kusiyana pakati pa zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
• Zowonongeka zomwe zili mmenemo ziri pa mlingo wa 7%.
• Zipatso zimadziwika ndi zokoma za phwetekere ndi fungo losangalatsa.
• Amalola kulephera.

Mukhoza kuyerekeza kulemera kwa sukulu yosiyana pa tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

Mukhoza kusunga tomato omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mumabokosi, kuwaika mumzere wolimba kuti mapesi awo akhale pamwamba. Tomato osankhidwa kuti asungidwe sayenera kukhala yonyowa! Bokosi liyenera kutsekedwa ndi chivundikiro chopanikizika. Zikatero, zipatso zingasungidwe kwa miyezi iwiri.

Mwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito phwetekere imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndiyonse.. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe ake opangira, komanso amagwiritsanso ntchito kupanga juisi, mbatata yosenda, pastes ndi sauces. Matatowa ndi oyenera salting. Mukakulira mumatentha, mtengo uliwonse wa zipatsozi nthawi zambiri umakololedwa kuchokera pa imodzi mpaka hafu ya mapaundi a zipatso, ndipo zokolola zambiri ndi mapaundi asanu ndi anayi mpaka khumi pamtunda wa mita imodzi.

Mukakulira pamtunda, zipatso zamtundu wa zipatso zisanu kapena zisanu zimatengedwa kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi, komanso kuchokera pamtunda umodzi mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri za zipatso kuchokera pamtunda umodzi.

Yerekezani zokolola za mbeu zingakhale patebulo ili pansipa:

Chithunzi

Kenaka, mudzawona zithunzi za phwetekere zosiyanasiyana "Oyambirira ku Siberia":

Chisamaliro ndi kulima

Nthanga ya Siberia yoyamba kucha ndi yoyenera kulima m'madera onse a Russia, kupatula ku Volga dera, Central Central Soil Region ndi District North Caucasus. Mbali yaikulu ya tomato yowonongeka nthawiyi ndi zipatso zakucha.

Tomato za zosiyanasiyanazi sizingawonongeke konse. Mukakulira mu greenhouses, mbeu zisanawathandize ndi kubzala mbeu ziyenera kubzalidwa kumapeto kwa March kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Kuzama kwa mbeu yobzala ayenera kukhala osachepera sentimita imodzi. Kusamalira kwina kulikonse ndiko kuthirira ndi kudyetsa nthawi zonse. Ngati masamba awiri amaoneka pa mphukira, amawuluka.

Mu wowonjezera kutentha, tchire nthawi zambiri imakula mpaka masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi mpaka makumi asanu ndi atatu mu msinkhu, kotero amafunikira garter kuti athandizidwe. Poyera nthaka mbande obzalidwa kumapeto kwa May kapena oyambirira June. Koposa zonse, zomera zimamva bwino, nthaka yochepa kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yonyowa.

Mtunda wa pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala osachepera masentimita makumi asanu, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pa mizera ungakhale wosiyana ndi masentimita makumi awiri mphambu zisanu mpaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu. Zomera zimafunika kupanga mapesi atatu. Kusamalira tomato ndikosungunuka kutentha kwa mlengalenga, kuthirira madzi otentha dzuwa litalowa, nthawi zonse feteleza ndi kumasula nthaka.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Matenda a tomato oyambirira a Siberia sagwidwa ndi matenda a tomato mu greenhouses, ndipo amasonyeza kuti amadana ndi matenda a fodya komanso malo ofiira. Komabe, pamene mukukula, mumayika matenda owopsa:

• Kuwonongeka kochedwa, komwe kungathetsedwe ndi mapangidwe apadera a fungicidal kapena 10% saline solution;
• Grey kuvunda, omwe angachiritsidwe ndi fungicides ndi triazole kukonzekera;
• Fusarium ndi Alternaria, zomwe zidzapulumutsa mankhwala a fungicidal;
• Waukulu tizirombo ta tomato ndi chimbalangondo, wireworm, whitefly, aphid ndi nematode. Polimbana nawo, pali mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo.

Kutsiliza

Ngakhale kuti pali zolakwa zina, tomato oyambirira ku Siberia ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri.