Kubereka kwa ferns - dongosolo ndi kufotokozera

Kubwezeretsanso ferns ndi njira yachilendo yowonjezera moyo wa chomera chomwe chilipo. Pali mitundu yake yambiri yomwe imasungidwa kunyumba kapena m'mundamo, chifukwa chomeracho chimakhala ndi zokongoletsa zambiri ndipo sichimasamalidwa.

Kodi fern ndi chiyani?

Ma Ferns kapena tambala ndi amodzi mwa oimira akale padziko lapansi pano padziko lapansi. Poyamba iwo adakula mu mawonekedwe amitengo yayitali, koma lero amakula ngati zitsamba zotsika, pafupifupi mita imodzi. Kubwezeretsedwa kwa mawonekedwe a fern, monga nthiwatiwa, mahatchi, brackish, kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito spores zomwe zimakhala kumbuyo kwa masamba a masamba.

M'nyumba fern - yokongoletsera deciduous chomera

Kodi ferns zimaswanirana bwanji?

Kukula ndi kufalitsa kwa ferns kuthengo kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kunyumba. Zomera zimafalikira kudzera mu spores kapena masamba a ana. Nyengo iliyonse, mbewu zam'mimba zimapanga spores ndi ma sporophytes ndi gametophytes.

Chiwembu ndi kufotokozera kwa kupanga ferns m'njira yachilengedwe modziyimira mwachilengedwe:

• Mapangidwe a sporangia pamasamba a fern, momwe spores amapangira;
• atapanga kwathunthu, amalekanitsidwa ndi mbale ndikunyamula m'madzi kapena m'deralo mothandizidwa ndi mphepo;
• pansi pa nyengo yabwino, chiphukira chimamera kuchokera kwa iwo, chomwe, mothandizidwa ndi nthangala yake, chimakhazikika pansi;
• pansi pa chophukacho, maselo amtundu wa akazi ndi aamuna amawoneka, mkati mwake umuna umachitika;
• zygote posachedwa imapanga, yomwe imapangira mizu yake ndikukula mu nthaka.

Njira zazikulu zopezera mbewu yatsopano kunyumba

Kunyumba m'munda, ma fern amatha kufalikira m'njira zambiri. Monga lamulo, zimagwirizananso ndi njira yazomera ndi spore. Masamba, masamba amakula pogwiritsa ntchito mizu ya mlengalenga, kubzala masamba ndi kugawa tchire m'magawo angapo. Njira ya spore imakhudza kusonkhanitsa kwa spores wopangidwa ndi kufesa pansi.

Njira iti yomwe ndi yothandiza kwambiri

Njira zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi eni mawonekedwe a fern, motero nkovuta kunena kuti ndi yani yomwe ili yothandiza kwambiri. Ngati mungasankhe njira yokhala ndi kuchuluka kwambiri, ndiye kuti kufesa spore. Komabe, zimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Kuchita bwino kwa njirayi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa fern, popeza mtundu uliwonse umasiyana mu mtundu wake wa morphological.

Kulekana kwa mizu ya chitsamba chachikulire

Bwanji ndikugawana chitsamba komanso nthawi yanji

Njira imodzi yobala zipatso komanso yochepa kwambiri pakufalitsa kwa zofunkha ndikugawa chitsamba chachikulu. Musanachite izi, ndikofunikira kuthirira chitsamba ndi madzi firiji kuti chikutulutseni mosavuta pansi popanda kuwononga mizu.

Momwe mungafalitsire fern wamkati mwakugawa chitsamba:

1. Amakumba mabowo pasadakhale masentimita 40-60 pasadakhale. Pansi pake amaphimbidwa ndi zotungira, ndikuwaza ndi dothi losakaniza pamwamba.
2. Amakoka mbewuzo m'nthaka yakale ndikuigawa m'magawo angapo ofanana.
3. Iliyonse yaiwo yabzalidwa mumalo kapena mumphika.

Kamodzi pa sabata, kuthirira mokwanira kumachitika ndipo kawiri kuthiriridwa madzi kuchokera kumwamba pogwiritsa ntchito ndowa yothirira.

Spores kumbuyo kwa masamba

Momwe ferns zimasinthira ndi spores

Njirayi imagwira ntchito kwambiri kasupe pambuyo potentha nthaka. Kubzala mumphika kumachitika m'dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika.

Momwe fern imaberekera pogwiritsa ntchito spores kunyumba:

1. Nyowetsani dothi kuchokera pa mfuti.
2. Finyani pamwamba pa spores.
3. Finyani pamwamba pamtunda ndikuzungulira masentimita atatu.
4. Amakutidwa ndi galasi kapena mapulasitiki okhala pamwamba, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha.
5. Zikamera zikawoneka, muyenera kuchotsa pobisalira tsiku lililonse kwa maola awiri.

Momwe mungazizire pambali

Misonzo ya antennae imawoneka paminda yazipinda zamaluwa, zomwe zimatha kuzika pansi. Pafupi ndi chomera chomwe muvi uwu wobiriwira upangiramo, muyenera kuyika chidebe china chophatikiza ndi michere. Ndikofunikira kuti chidebe ichi chikhale chokulirapo kapena chotsika pang'ono kuposa mphika wokhala ndi chomera cha mayi.

Zophatikizira ziwiri zimayikidwa pambali ndipo mphukira yam'mbali yokhala ndi masharubu athanzi komanso osasunthika imaweramitsidwa pansi. Mopukuta pang'ono ndi dothi. Ngati ndi kotheka, khalani ndi chingwe cha tsitsi kapena waya. Pambuyo pake, imapukutidwa bwino ndipo zida zonsezo zimasiyidwa m'malo abwino.

Brood masamba mawonekedwe a masamba masamba

Momwe mungafalitsire masamba a fern ana

Njira ina yamera yomwe fern amatha kuchulukitsa kunyumba ndikukubzala masamba pansi. Zomera zopangidwa ngati Fern zimatha kupanga njira zina zamtundu wa masamba awo. Simungathe kubzala impso yosasinthika, iyenera kumasula mizu yaying'ono.

Njira imodzi imasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndikubzala m'bokosi lomwe lili ndi gawo lapansi. Nyowetsani nthaka ndikuyika malo otentha komanso owala. Ndikofunikira kuti apange microclimate yonyowa pakukula kwa impso, motero poyamba akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi filimu.

Mukangotulutsa mbande ziwiri pa mbande, mutha kuchotsa kanemayo ndikuwachotsa ndikugulitsa mumipanda ingapo.

Maonekedwe osamalira ma ferns ophuka

Kusamalira fern pambuyo pa kubereka kumakhala ndi zinthu izi:

• Chinyezi Mbande zazing'ono mutabzala zimakonda chinyezi. Ndikofunikira kuyesa kuyisamalira pamiyeso yambiri, makamaka nthawi yozizira ndikuwonjezera kutentha kwa chipindacho. Tsiku lililonse, muyenera kuwaza tchire kuchokera ku mfuti yakuwombera, ndipo ndi mpweya wowuma, njirayi imatha kubwerezedwa kangapo patsiku.
• Kutsirira pafupipafupi pa ndandanda. Simungaphwanye boma ndikunyalanyaza njirayi, koma simuyenera kuthira mbewuzo. Mphukira zachichepere zimakonda kuzungulira mizu chifukwa chakugwa kwamadzi m'nthaka. Mukabzala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti choyamba kuphimba ngalande mpaka pansi pokhapokha ndikudzaza gawo lapansi. Komanso musaiwale kukhetsa madzi owonjezera kuchokera poto.
• Mavalidwe apamwamba. Feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati madzi pochotsa kukonzekera mumadzi wamba komanso pang'ono. Ndondomeko zimachitika kamodzi sabata iliyonse. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mineral kukonzekera zitsamba zooneka ngati fern. Munthawi imeneyi, michere yonse ndiyofunikira pakukula kwa mbeuyo, makamaka nayitrogeni, yomwe imathandiza kumanga unyinji wobiriwira.
• Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zazitali, koma zophatikizika pang'ono kuti zisawotche masamba osalala. Ndikofunikira kuyika bokosi lokhala ndi mbande kumwera chakum'mwera nthawi yachisanu ndikuwusamutsira kummawa kapena kumadzulo chakumadzulo ndikubwera kwamasiku abwino.
• Kutentha. Zizindikiro zoyenera kwambiri panthawiyi zimawerengedwa - 22-25 ℃.

Ma ferns am'nyumba amayambira mosavuta atabereka kunyumba

Ferns zamkati ndizodzikongoletsera zowoneka bwino nthawi zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa ndipo zimatha kutsitsimutsa chilichonse chamkati chazithunzi. Amayikidwa m'maofesi ndi malo ena kuti atonthoze. Kufalitsa ma ferns ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza yomwe ingachitidwe m'njira zambiri. Chofunikira kwambiri ndiye kupatsa mbewuzo chidwi ndi chisamaliro choyenera kuti zisataye zonse zobzala.