Holland ndi dziko laling'ono, kotero kwazaka zambiri akhala akupanga njira zopezera zokolola zazikulu kuchokera kumadera ang'onoang'ono. Sayansi yamakono yopanga strawberries adalandira ulemu padziko lonse.
Kusonkhanitsa mwatsopano strawberries chaka chonse ndi wokondedwa maloto a aliyense wokonda zokoma zipatso. Ndipo kwa wogwira ntchito mwakhama - iyi ndi njira yabwino yopangira ndalama.
Mmodzi wa zogwira mtima kwambiri Njira zowonjezera kukula mabulosi awa ndi njira ya ku Dutch. Ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, imabweretsa ndalama zambiri.
Chofunika kwambiri cha sayansi
Mwachibadwa, kuti kupeza zipatso m'nyengo yozizira, amakula m'nyumba. Ngati mukufuna sitiroberi, kuti mupindule tebulo ndi mavitamini, ndiye mungathe kuchita ndi tchire. Anabzala m'miphika pawindo kapena pa khonde lotsekedwa. Pogulitsa, mukamafuna zipatso zambiri, strawberries amapangidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Pofuna kuti mbeu ikhale pachimake ndi kubereka chipatso, imatumizidwa ku "hibernation" kwa nthawi yayitali musanadzalemo: imayikidwa mufiriji, pansi kapena malo ena ozizira. Kutentha kumeneko sikuyenera kugwa pansipa madigiri -2. Pano mitengo ya sitiroberi ikhoza kukhala miyezi 9. Ngati ndi kotheka, zomerazo pang'onopang'ono zimabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Strawberries mu greenhouses imakula muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono: miphika (pafupifupi masentimita 70 m'lifupi ndi 18-20 masentimita), zitsulo kapena matumba apulasitiki. Zikopa zimakonda kwambiri alimi, chifukwa ndizo mtengo wotsika mtengo ndi kusunga malo chifukwa akhoza kuikidwa pamtunda.
Pachifukwa ichi, zomera zimakhala mosakanikirana. Komabe ngati mbande anayikidwa vertically, ndikofunikira kuti makoma a wowonjezera kutentha akhale oonekera kuti apereke tchire ndi kuwala kwachilengedwe momwe tingathere.
Kunja, pang'onopang'ono amakana matumba apulasitiki, akunena kuti chomera mizu akhoza kuvundandipo chitsamba chimamwalira msanga. Posachedwapa, pali zowonjezera zowonjezera maluwa m'miphika. Chitsulo ichi mutatha kutsuka ndi kusamba thupi kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Kuonjezerapo, pakali pano, ndi kosavuta kukonza kuthirira, ndi madzi ochokera pa pallets kuti agwiritsenso ntchito.
Vuto lothandiza pazovuta za kukula kwa strawberries ndi njira ya Dutch, ndikuwonanso momwe wowonjezera kutentha kumayendetsedwa molingana ndi teknolojia iyi m'munda:
Kusankha mitundu
Pofuna kulima strawberries mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena malo ena, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pollinating. Apo ayi Ndondomeko yoyendetsera mungu iyenera kuchita pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yaying'ono. Palinso njira ina: yanikani mng'oma ndi njuchi mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Ubwino wa chisankho ndicho kuti mbande zipse msanga ndipo sichidalira kwambiri kutalika kwa masana. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Brighton, Elizabeth II, Corona, Moscow zokoma, Queen Elizabeth, Red Rich, Selva, Honey.
Mmera
Kuyambira kulima strawberries molingana ndi Dutch njira imapangidwanso nthawi zonse chodzala, funso likubwera kumene kulipeza mu kuchuluka kotere. Inde, mbande akhoza kugula zosiyanasiyana agrofirms. Komabe, izo zidzakhala zotsika mtengo kuti muziswana izo nokha.
Mukhoza kukula mbande m'dziko. Kwa ichi, chigawo chosiyana chimaperekedwa, chimene chimbudzi ndi organic feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'chaka, sitiroberi tchire amabzalidwa, makamaka pamapiri a mamita ambiri.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Chaka choyamba kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi M'pofunika kuchotsa mitsuko yamaluwa ndi mapesi a maluwa!
Chaka chotsatira, chitsamba chilichonse chimapereka ndevu 20 zokhala ndi rosettes, zomwe zimangoyambira nthawi yomweyo. Mu Oktoba, muyenera kukumba zomera zachinyamata ndikuziyeretsa mosamala kuchokera kumtunda wa dziko lapansi. Kenaka ayenera kugawanika kukhala matulu atatu:
- gulu A: mamita mpaka 15 mm, pali peduncles awiri;
- kuchotsa A +: m'mimba mwake pafupifupi 20 mm, mpaka 4 peduncles;
- Ophunzira A + owonjezera: m'mimba mwake kuposa 20 mm, kuposa 4 peduncles.
Kusankha kumathandiza onetsetsani tsogolo la strawberries. Gulu lapansi kwambiri limapereka magalamu 150 apamtima. kuchokera ku chitsamba, pafupifupi - 200 gr., ndi apamwamba-pafupifupi 400 gr.
Ground
Makhalidwe a mbande amadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi. Zikhoza kukhala puloteni, ubweya wa mchere kapena khonokono. Malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito disinfected nthaka kapena peat wothira mchenga ndi perlite, zomwe zimalimbikitsa mpweya wabwino.
Nthaka kuchokera kumunda mwapadera sangathe kutenga! Chimodzimodzinso, kuvala koyenera sikuletsedwa! Zonsezi zimachitidwa kupeĊµa kufala kwa matenda ndi maonekedwe a tizirombo ndi namsongole. Komanso nthawi zonse ayenera kudyetsedwa zomera mineral feteleza.
Zokwanira
Kukula strawberries molingana ndi Dutch teknoloji mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse, zina zimakhala zofunika. Chifukwa strawberries zipse bwino koma ndi kutentha ndi kuwala kochepa, ndi zofunika kupanga bungwe la wowonjezera kutentha. Kutsimikiziridwa kwa pafupifupi madigiri ndi madigiri 18-25. Asanamangirize masamba, kutentha kumafunika kukhala pansi pa madigiri 21, kenako imakwezedwa kufika pa madigiri 28. Mukhoza kusunga kutentha motere kapena polowera m'chipinda.
Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pa mlingo wa 70-80%. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito sprayers panthawi yamaluwa, muyenera kusamalakuti madzi asafike pa maluwa. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mlengalenga.
Tsiku lochepa la kuwala kwa strawberries ndi maola 8. Komabe, ndi bwino kuwonjezera kwa maola 15-16. Pachifukwa ichi, chipatsocho chikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mwezi, womwe uli masabata awiri mofulumira kuposa njira yoyamba. Kwa izi kupatula kuwala kwachibadwa zomera ziyenera onetsetsani mwatsatanetsatane.
Mbande zimamwetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, podziwa kuti madzi samagwera pa masamba kapena maluwa. Ndibwino kupanga dongosolo la ulimi wothirira madzi.
Ndifunikanso kulamulira nthaka acidity. Sitiyenera kulowerera ndale nthawi zonse.
Inde, kuti mukondweretse okondedwa anu ndi zokoma zokometsera zipatso za Chaka Chatsopano, muyenera kuika ntchito zambiri. Koma ngati mukutsatira njirayi ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse, simungathe kusiyanitsa zokha zanu ndi mabulosi othandiza nthawi yozizira, komanso mumapanga ndalama zambiri, chifukwa Sitiroberi m'nyengo yozizira ndi zosowazomwe ndi zodula.
