Malamulo a kukula kwa eggplants ku mbewu kunyumba: kusankha kwa zosiyanasiyana, pamene kubzala, malingaliro akusamalira zenera, khonde, wowonjezera kutentha

Kulima kwa eggplants nthawizonse wakhala akuganiziridwa ndi wamaluwa monga mtundu wa luso loyesera. Chikhalidwe chokonda moto ndi chopanda phindu, chowoneka, chimafuna kusamalidwa nthawi zonse.

Komabe, kuyambika kwa mitundu yatsopano ndi hybrids, njira zamakono zamakono zamakono zothandizira ulimi zinamuthandiza kukula biringanya popanda kusiya nyumba.

Zopanga tokha mitundu biringanya mitundu

• Diamondi. Zosasangalatsa, ndi zamasamba zobiriwira, popanda kupweteka.
• Albatross. Zimagwira midzi nyengo.
• Afghani wofiira. Zosintha. Nthawi yokhwima - masiku 100 kuchokera ku mphukira zoyamba. Mafelemu a zozungulira, ofiira, zipatso zazing'ono.
• 163 Chokoma. Zosiyanasiyana zoyambirira. Zipatso zoyambirira zimachotsedwa patatha masiku 115-125 patatha masiku kumera.
• Yoyamba Kwambiri 921. Zambiri zosiyanasiyana.
• Lolita. Zophatikiza. Analangizidwa kuti atalike komanso nyengo yozizira yozizira.
• Maikop -15. Kudya, kupita kumayambiriro.
• Solaris. Kulimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Zipatso zabwino zimangirira.
• Zonse 6. Zipatso zili zooneka ngati mdima, pafupifupi khungu lakuda.

Njira ziwiri zowonjezera pazenera

Kulera

1. Yophukira yaikidwa pamalo aakulu otseguka, tchire chochepa chimene ovary anatsalira m'miphika osachepera 5 malita ndikuwakhazikitsanso m'nyumba.
2. Nthaka mu nkhosa yamphongo yopita kumakoma. Amathirira bwino. Dulani zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi masamba, onetsetsani zitsulo zotetezedwa ku ma drafts.
3. Mpaka chomeracho chimayambira mizu, nthawi zonse amapopera ndi kuthirira.
4. Kenako, kulima monga biringanya wamkulu mbande.
5. Kukula kukupitirira miyezi 1-3.

Mbeu yobirila ikukula kunyumba

Kukonzekera Mbewu:

1. Gwirani kukhwima zouma, zowonongeka, mbewu zazing'ono.
2. Ndalama yambewu Sankhani zipatso zofewa bwino. Dulani m'magawo angapo otenga nthawi. Supuni ya kuchotsa mosamala mbewu. Zouma.
3. Mbewu Zosagwedezeka ayenera kusungidwa. Pochita izi, konzekerani njira yowonjezera ya potaziyamu permanganate ndi nyemba zambewu mumphindi 20-30.
4. Manga mbewu mu nsalu yonyowa.. Siyani kumera pamalo otentha.

Ndikofunikira! Samalani pamene mukugula mbewu m'sitolo. Onani tsiku lomaliza. Kumbukirani kuti mbewu zomwe zimalandira zipatso zawo zimakhala zothandiza zaka zoposa zinayi.

Nthaka. Konzani dothi kuti mubzalidwe. Munda wamunda, kukwera ndi kutsika kwapansi kumagawidwa m'magawo ofanana. Kusakaniza kudzaza ndi miphika yokonzeka, makapu. Anaphimba pa pinki ya potassium permanganate. Tulukani padziko lapansi kuti mukhazikike.

Ndikofunikira! Mbewu ya chikhalidwe ichi chimayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono. Lembani masiku oyendetsa malingana ndi kuti zipatso zipse kwathunthu 130-160 patapita masiku kumera.

Mmera. Pa kutentha kwa + 20-25 ° C pasadakhale, mbewu zimamera mu masiku 3-5, osadziwika - masabata awiri. Pansi kutentha, nthawi ya kutuluka kwa mphukira yawonjezeka ndi masiku 10-15.

Pakuwonekera kwa mphukira zowonjezera kuvala zeneraakuyang'ana kum'mwera, kumwera-kumadzulo. Mawindo amasungidwa. Pansi pa miphika imakhala ndi bolodi, pepala la pulasitiki.

Amayang'anitsitsa chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa nthaka m'miphika. Madzi ndi madzi ofunda.. Pamene kwambiri chonyowa, ozizira nthaka mbande kuvunda. Ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi kufota, kumauma.

Biringanya mantha a drafts, ngakhale mphepo yamkuntho imatsogolera ku imfa ya mbande. Mukamera makapu pafupi ndi kutentha mabatire, amachulukitsa chinyezi mlengalenga powapopera tchire ku botolo la kutsitsi.

Ngati zidzukuluzo zidabzalidwa m'bokosi, pita.

Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba a cotyledon, amamera ndi clod ya padziko lapansi amaikidwa mosamalitsa m'zinthu zazikulu. Ngati mizu yowonongeka pokolola, zithandizani zomera ndi kukula kwa Kornevin.

Pakuti yogwira kukula ndi kuika mazira Mabakiteriya ayenera kulandira kuwala ndi kutentha maola 12-14 pa tsiku.

Mitengo yapadera ya doshochivaniya mbande imakhazikika pa kutalika kwa 15-40 masentimita kuchokera ku zomera.

Kuyambira mu January mpaka March, mbande imatsekedwa ndi mini wowonjezera kutentha. Kuti muchite izi, waya kapena maulendo amapanga chimango ndikuchikulunga ndi filimu yakuda. Mu wowonjezera kutentha, kutentha kumakhala pa + 20-25 ° С mu nyengo ya nyengo, + 17 ° С pa mtambo, + 14-17 ° С usiku.

Biringanya mbande kudyetsa kamodzi mu masiku 7-10 feteleza yamtundu uliwonse yomwe imachokera ku biohumus kapena kuchepetsedwa kwa ntchentche mbalame, mullein, kompositi yowonongeka. Nthawi yotsiriza musanaikidwe, mupange feteleza. Chakudya chophika chimaphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira kwambiri.

Dulani biringanya mbande pa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu zitatha miphikayi yodzaza kwathunthu ndi overgrown mizu. Kwa mbande yophukira iyi ndi zaka khumi zoyambirira za March. Sankhani tchire ndi masamba 8 oona enieni ndi masamba 2-3.

Miphika kwa kukula nthawi zonse ayenera kukhala wozungulira wa 20-25 masentimita, kuya kwa makasitomala, mabokosi 15-20 cm.

Nthaka ya kukula kwa eggplants akuluakulu imakhala yofanana ndi mchenga, peat, sod land. Pansi pa thanki lirilonse anaika 5-7 granules la feteleza zovuta za mtundu wa "Ispolin", superphosphate kuti uchititse mazira.

Mu makaseti, miphika, zidebe, tchire, zimabzalidwa pakati, ndipo 25-30 masentimita amasiyidwa mumabokosi pakati pa zomera.

Ngati mulibe malo okwanira kapena ngati mubzala mitengo yayitali, kukula kwa mbande kumasiya, mizu imakhala bulauni.

Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chimasinthidwa kachidutswa ndi masentimita 2-3 kuposa apamwambawo, feteleza organic kwa tomato ndi biringanya, mwachitsanzo, Senor Tomato akuwonjezeredwa pansi.

Kudikirira zokolola

Mbalame zomwe zimayikidwa ku mbale yaikulu zimawonekera m'mawindo m'ma khumi achiwiri a February.

Nthawi zonse madzi. Kuyambira kuyambira May - tsiku lililonse. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa.

Ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi zomera zidzayamba kuponyera maluwa ndi losunga mazira, kukoma kumatha kuwonongeka, kuwawidwa kudzawoneka.

Pokula mofulumira, nsonga zazotsatira zimayambira. Pa maluwa, kutsanulira 2-3 masentimita atsopano nthaka kuti zimayambira. Pamene mazira amayamba kupanga, ndondomeko imabwerezedwa.

Kupanga mapulitsi akupanga ngati zipatso zikumangiriridwa mosavuta, pang'onopang'ono.. Mitengo ya maluwa imagwedezeka bwino, gwirani pamtengo ndi zala zanu kapena mutenge mungu kuchokera ku duwa kupita ku mzake ndi burashi.

Zipatso zowonjezera chitetezo chochotsedwa ndi mpeni. 20-35 Zipatso zolemera 50-150 g zimakoledwa kuchokera ku chitsamba. Ngati akufuna kupeza zipatso zazikulu za eggplants, amachotsa mbali zina za mazira, ndikusiya zozizwitsa 4-6 pa chomera chimodzi.

Momwe mungakulire eggplant pa khonde:

• Pa zipinda zosasamalidwa, loggias, mapiritsi omwe amakula kwambiri amapirira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.
• Kutentha kwa chipinda ayenera kukhala mkati mwa 23-28 ° C.
• Amapereka chithandizo cha zomera kotero kuti mutha kupita pakati pa tchire popanda kugwira masamba ndi minga.

Biringanya m'nyumba yapadera

Omwe ali ndi nyumba zapakhomo ali ndi mwayi wokula eggplants chaka chonse mu malo otentha omwe akuwotcha, kupeza zokolola zabwino.

• Mbande za zomera zakula pawindo.
• Kubzala eggplants mu wowonjezera kutentha pa malo osatha, mbande zimabzalidwa mu zitsime zapakatikati zakuya, zothetsedwa ndi madzi ofunda, zinkakulungidwa ndi zoonda zochepa za peat.
• Siyani masentimita 50 pakati pa tchire.
• Mazira a wowonjezera kutentha amafunikira zakudya zabwino, nthaka yochepa. Agronomists amalimbikitsa kusakaniza nthaka yamba yamaluwa, yovunda manyowa, peat, manyowa, zowonjezera zowonjezera. Musanabzala, dothi limatentha kufika 18-20 ° C.
• Pafupi ndi mazira omwe samafesa mbewu zina. Kupatulapo ndizochepa za tomato.
• Mu wowonjezera kutentha, amakhalabe ndi microclimate: kutentha kwa masana +28, usiku + 12 ° С. Kukwera kutentha pamwamba pa 35 ° C kumawononga chikhalidwe.
• Musalole chinyezi chamadontho. Kuchotsa owonjezera chinyezi, mosamala ventilate ndi wowonjezera kutentha pambuyo aliyense kuthirira.
• Nthawi yoyamba mutatha kusinthitsa, ma birplant amathiridwa madzi tsiku lachisanu, ndiye tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuthirira kumapangidwa m'mawa, pansi pazu, ndi madzi otentha osachepera 25 ° C.
• Nthawi zonse mamasulidwe amatsitsimula, imayambitsa miyendo.

Malangizo othandiza a kukula kwa biringanya mu wowonjezera kutentha:

Zovala zapamwamba mu malo otentha

Pamene kukula biringanya wowonjezera kutentha feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito osachepera 3-5 nthawi pa nyengo. Choyamba, phosphorus-potaziyamu, m'nthaŵi yogwira fruiting nayitrogeni-phosphate.

Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika patatha masabata awiri mutatha kuika mbande, pamene mizu imayamba mizu, ayamba kutenga mchere.

Ngati zomera sizikuphuka bwino, zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala a boric acid. Kuti tichite izi, 5 magalamu a mankhwala owuma amathetsedwa mu 5 malita a madzi otentha.

Ndi masamba obiriwira, kumanga mobiri wambiri kumapanga potaziyamu. Odwala, ofooka omwe amawathandiza amathandizidwa ndi kukonzekera ndi mkulu wa nayitrogeni.

Matenda

Biringanya kulima kunyumba ndi nyengo yozizira greenhouses amatha kupezeka, amalepheretsa, kusindikiza masamba.

Chithandizo ndi chachikhalidwe:

• Pochiza phytophthora biringanya baka madzulo sprayed ndi mkuwa-muli ndi kukonzekeraMwachitsanzo, njira yothetsera vitriol ya buluu (0.2%).
• Pofuna kupewa zojambulajambula, kuwona, kupukuta masamba a biringanya ndi madzi ochepetsedwa omwe amachepetsa mkaka.

Tizilombo

Mukamera biringanya kunyumba Whitefly, kangaude wa kangaude, aphid lalanje. Kuchotsa tizilombo, zomera zimachiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a neonicotodine Aktara, Konfidor, Mospilan, yomwe imakhala ndi zotsatira zowononga zomera - imalowa mkati, zomera zimadzikundikira mu madzi, kudyetsa omwe akulu ndi mphutsi amafa.

Chidutswa cha adyo chimathandiza pakangaude. Galasi imodzi ya adyo wosweka imadzipiritsika mu 10 malita a madzi. Dulani masamba okhudzidwa kawiri pa sabata.

Kukula kwa eggplants kunyumba, m'nyumba, pa khonde ndi ntchito yosangalatsa, koma yovuta komanso yopanda ntchito. Kukolola kwakukulu, pamtengo wofanana, kumapezeka chifukwa chokula ndi nyengo yozizira yama eggplants mu malo otentha omwe amawotcha m'minda.

Zida zothandiza

Werengani nkhani zina zokhuza kukula ndi kusamalira mbande za biringanya:

• Njira zosiyanasiyana zolima: mu mapiritsi a peat, mu nkhono komanso pamapepala a chimbudzi.
• Zonse zomwe zimafesedwa mogwirizana ndi kalendala ya mwezi.
• Makhalidwe a kulima m'madera osiyanasiyana a Russia: ku Urals, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.

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