Kukula ndi nkhani yaikulu! Momwe mungakwerere eggplants kuthengo

Kuwombera pamalo osatsekera a mbande mwakuya bwino ndi mphindi yofunikira kwa aliyense wamaluwa.

Ndi njira yoyenera, zomera sizizengereza kukula, maluwa komanso mapangidwe a mazira ochuluka.

Kuti musamalire bwinobwino, ndi bwino kusankha nthawi yoyenera, kukonzekera nthaka, musaiwale za kuthirira ndi kumangiriza.

Kuwombera ku wowonjezera kutentha kapena munda pabedi: nthawi yoti uchite

Kuti kukula kwa eggplant kukule bwino, ndikofunika kusankha nthawi yoyenera kubzala. Biringanya ndi thermophilic kwambiri, nthaka iyenera kutentha mpaka madigiri 12-13. Kawirikawiri, kutentha kwa nthaka kumafikira theka lachiwiri la May. Malingana ndi zizindikiro za dziko, nyengo ya maluwa ochuluka a dandelions idzakhala nthawi yabwino yopatsira tizilombo tobedi kumabedi a m'munda komanso malo otentha ozizira.

Ngati mvula yozizira imakhala yaitali, ndondomeko yotentha ya nthaka ikhoza kuthamanga, Kuphimba mabedi ndi filimu yambiri ya polyethylene kapena nsalu yopanda nsalu. Mukasuntha zomera kumalo otseguka, mungatenge zowonjezera zowonjezera pomanga kogona kanthawi pa mabedi. Mitambo ya waya yamphamvu imakhala pansi, yomwe filimu ya pulasitiki imatambasulidwa. Mu zosangalatsa wowonjezera kutentha, mbande kumva omasuka ndipo sachita mantha mwadzidzidzi frosts. M'mphepete mwa zomera zobiriwira zimatha kubzalidwa chaka chonse.

Mitundu yambiri ili okonzeka kuziika. ali ndi zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri (20-25) pambuyo pa kutuluka. Malingana ndi izi, nthawi yofesa mbewu ikuwerengedwa. Ngati mukukonzekera kulima biringanya kuthengo, amafesedwa pa mbande mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa April ndikufalikira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June. Kubzala pansi pa filimuyo, mbewu zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa March ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, kusuntha zomera zazing'ono kumabedi a May 10-15. Kwa mafilimu ndi masamba obiriwira, mbande imakula kuyambira kumapeto kwa March, ndipo pa April 15 iye ali wokonzeka kusamukira kumalo osatha.

Kusankha nthawi yobzala, m'pofunika kuganizira zosiyanasiyana za eggplant. Pakuti bwino fruiting Mitundu ina ya hybrids imalimbikitsidwa kuti idzabzalidwe mochedwa kuposa masiku omwe amatsimikiziridwa masiku 5-10. Mbeu zokalamba zimakhazikika bwino ndikupanga ovary mwamsanga. Ndikofunika kuganizira za maonekedwe a achinyamata. Zomera zabwino ndizolimba, ndi zakuda zokoma zimayambira ndi zowala, osati zowononga masamba. Ndi zofunika kukhala ndi mapepala 4-5.

Mapesi sayenera kutambasula kwambiri. Ngati kuika pamabedi kuchedwa, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuika mbande m'mitsuko ndi mankhwala apadera omwe amachepetsa kukula. Mitengo yabwino ndi Camposan kapena TUR, yotetezeka ku zomera. Kukonzekera sikulepheretsa kuika masamba ndi kupanga mazira, mapesi a eggplants amakhala okhwima, maonekedwe a mbande amakula bwino.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Musanasunthire mbande nthaka idakonzekere. Hkumangomasuka, zotsalira za zomera ndi zinyalala zimasankhidwa. Gawo la humus kapena peat limawonjezeredwa pansi. Kuwala kwa nthaka, kumapereka zokolola za biringanya. Mu wowonjezera kutentha kumalimbikitsidwa kuti chaka chonse chikhale chosanjikiza cha dothi. Kuti mutetezeke kwambiri, akhoza kutsuka ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbande, kusintha kwa mbeu zachinyamata kudzapambana.

Zitsime zimakonzedwa bwino musanadzalemo. Muzipanga zigawo zina za manyowa ovunda ndi kuwaza ndi choyala cha peat. Ndi bwino kutsanulira zitsime ndi madzi otentha ndi kuwasiya iwo ozizira. Mtunda pakati pa tchire ukusiyana ndi 40 mpaka 50 cm ndipo zimadalira mtundu wa biringanya. Mitengo yowonjezereka ingabzalidwe motopetsa. Kuvomerezeka pakati pa mizera ya m'kati mwa masentimita 70.

Kuwombera kwa biringanya: Zochita ndi Gawo

Thirani zomera zazing'ono Ndibwino kuti muzikhala bwino m'mawa, kutentha kwa nyengo.

1. Biringanya mbande zili modekha.. Pewani zimayambira sizingakhale zovuta komanso zovulaza mosavuta. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa pamodzi mu chivundikiro cha dziko lapansi, chokhala ndi mizu. Kugwedeza nthaka sikofunika. Mbande zowonjezera miphika kapena mapiritsi sangathe kuchotsedwa m'zitsulo zawo.
2. Sapling imayenda mu dzenje. Kuya kwake kumayenera kufanana ndi dziko lapansi, ndizosayenera kusakaniza mizu. Mbewu imamera ku masamba a cotyledon, pamwamba pa dothi ladothi limapangidwa ndi nthaka yatsopano ya 2-3 masentimita. Sizingatheke kukumba mmera kwambiri, izi zikhoza kuyambitsa maonekedwe akuda. Kusiya mizu pamwamba sikuyeneranso.
3. Nthaka kuzungulira chomera ndi manja osamalidwa bwino. N'zosatheka kuziphwanya molimba, koma musalole kutuluka kwa nthaka. Mbewu iliyonse imathiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda osungunuka (osachepera 1-2 malita).
4. Dothi lapamwamba likulumikizidwa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito humus, peat kapena udzu. Koma chinthu choyera ndikutsegula pansi ndi filimu yakuda, yosalala kapena zosalala zosavala zomwe zimabowola. Malo oterowo adzateteza biringanya mwadzidzidzi kutaya kutentha, kuchepetsa nthawi yokonzanso ndikusunga namsongole.

Kubzala Mbewu za Biringanya: Kukonzekera Zida

Mukhoza kuchita popanda mbande zokhala pakhomo, ndikufesa mbewu za biringanya. Mbewu kusuntha, zopanda kanthu ndi zowonongeka zimakanidwa. Ena wamaluwa amakonda kubzala mbewu zouma, poganizira kuti ziphuphu zatsopano zangovulala mosavuta. Ena amawomberetsa mbewuzo pamadzi pang'ono ofunda kapena kukulunga mu nsalu yonyowa. Kusankha njira kumadalira mtundu wa biringanya ndi zofuna zaumwini.

Musanafese pamabedi omasuka Mbeu zikhoza kuumitsidwa. Iwo amangiriridwa mu nsalu yonyowa, akudikirira kuti ziphuphu ziwonekere, ndiyeno mbewu imatumizidwa ku chipinda chapansi cha firiji kwa tsiku. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha zomera chisamayende bwino, kuwapangitsa kukhala osatetezeka ku nyengo.

Njira ina yoyesedwa - Kutentha kwa mbewu. Zimachitika pa kutentha kwa madigiri 60, kumakhala pafupifupi maola awiri. Ndiye mbewu ya maola 12 imayikidwa mu aqueous yankho la manganese sulphate, potaziyamu nitrate ndi superphosphate.

Werengani zambiri za kukonzekera mbewu musanafese.

Kufesa pansi: sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo

Mbewu zowalidwa ndi eggplant bwino mu theka lachiwiri la May ndi kumayambiriro kwa June.

1. Mabedi akukonzekera, kuchotseratu zinyalala ndi kumanga feteleza ndi gawo lopatsa la humus.
2. Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa bwino. ndi kupanga mizere 5-7 masentimita akuya.
3. Mwa iwo Mbeu zofesedwa pamtunda wa masentimita 10-20. Mtunda umadalira zosiyana, kawirikawiri deta yolondola imasonyezedwa pamapangidwe a mbewu.

Thandizo! Mazira oyambirira a kucha akhoza kubzalidwa mochuluka kwambiri, kumapeto kwa nyengo kumafuna malo omasuka.

Njira ina ndi yotheka.

1. Mu nthaka mabowo apangidwa, chimodzimodzi, komanso pakugwa kwa mbeu.
2. Mtunda pakati pa mabowo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20, pakati pa mizera - masentimita 40. Manyowa ochepa amavundikira muchitsime chilichonse ndipo amafafanizidwa ndi peat.
3. Mbeu 4-5 zimabzalidwa.

Njirayi ndi yothandiza pamene ikukula pa trellis.

Mizere kapena mabowo kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda, otetezedwa kuchokera ku kuthirira madzi. Kenaka iwo ali ndi ufa ndi nthaka ndipo mosavuta amatawidwa ndi kanjedza. Gwiritsani ntchito gawo loyenera kukhala lochepa kwambiri, osapitirira 1 masentimita. Amaluwa ena samakonda kugona mbewu, ndikuzisiya pamwamba. Pachifukwa ichi, pamwamba pa nthaka ndi mbewu zimadzazidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi. Kutsekemera kumatha kutenthedwa, kukutidwa ndi udzu.

Pambuyo masiku khumi pambuyo kutuluka, kudzala ndi thinned. Zimafooka zimachotsedwa: kudula ndi mpeni kapena kutsina. Simungathe kuzichotsa, zikhoza kuvulaza mizu ya mbande zamphamvu.

Pambuyo kupatulira achinyamata amafunika kudyetsa, kuthirira ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a slurry kapena kuchepetsedwa kwa mbalame zitosi. Pambuyo pa kubzala feteleza madzi okwanira ndi madzi oyera. Anatsuka komanso kuvala zovala zomwe zinawonongeka pamasamba. Izi zidzathandiza kupeŵa kuyaka.

Zida zothandiza

Werengani nkhani zina zokhuza kukula ndi kusamalira mbande za biringanya:

• Njira zosiyanasiyana zolima: mu mapiritsi a peat, mu nkhono komanso pamapepala a chimbudzi.
• Zonse zomwe zimafesedwa mogwirizana ndi kalendala ya mwezi.
• Malamulo a golide akukula kuchokera ku mbewu.
• Makhalidwe a kulima m'madera osiyanasiyana a Russia: ku Urals, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.
• Kodi nthawi yabwino yofesa mbewu ndi liti?

Mankhwala opangidwa bwino a eggplant ayenera kuyamba mofulumira kukula, akubzala maluwa. Kupititsa patsogolo kusinthako kumathandiza nthawi yodyetsa, kuthirira bwino, kuteteza zomera ku nyengo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.