Brugmansia ndiwotchedwa thermophilic shrub mpaka mamita asanu pamwamba. Chomera chokongola ichi ndi cha banja la nightshade, chikuwoneka champhamvu kwambiri.
Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a ellipse mpaka 50 cm kutalika. Kukula kwa nyemba sikunali kozolowereka - mzere wa masamba osungunuka omwe ali ndi mapepala osakanikirana omwe amachoka ndi mzere wa masamba ofupika ndi makoswe osagwirizana.
Maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chikasu, pichesi, lalanje, yofiira, maluwa okongola, komanso mitundu yambiri yamitundu. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe a belu okhala ndi mamita awiri mpaka 20, mpaka theka la mita m'litali, zonunkhira kwambiri.
Mu nyengo yathu, kulima brugmansiya kuthengo sikutheka, chifukwa chisanu cha chisanu chidzawononga. Malo abwino kwambiri a kukula kwake adzakhala wowonjezera kutentha, munda wachisanu kapena munda wamunda m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mbewuyo iyenera kusunthira ku chipinda chozizira kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa + 5 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! Brugmancia ndi chomera chakupha, ndipo fungo lake lopweteka lingayambitse mutu, nthawi zina ngakhale kumangoyenda.
Nthawi zambiri anthu a ku Brugans amafalitsidwa
Pali mitundu yambiri yobereketsera ya zomera izi:
- cuttings - Monga ulamuliro, mphukira 15-25 masentimita m'litali ntchito imeneyi kuswana njira, makamaka pachaka mphukira ndi apical Mphukira. Ngati mumachulukitsa Brugmansia ndi mphukira yosatha, ndiye kuti kambewu kakang'ono kamapereka maluwa patapita nthawi, ndizotheka kuti maluwawo amatha chaka chimodzi poyerekeza ndi kudula kwa chaka chimodzi.
The cuttings amachitika mu May-June.Kodi kuchita izi, masamba apansi ayenera kuchotsedwa pa tsinde lodulidwa ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi.Ukhoza kuliphimba ndi filimu kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha kwenikweni.Ngati vuto la kudula, malo okhudzidwawo atha, madzi amalowetsedwa ndi madzi atsopano ndipo mapiritsi angapo opangidwa ndi mpweya amawonjezeredwa chifukwa cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Phesi imayikidwa pamalo otentha, okonzeka bwino, mizu idzawoneka pambuyo pa masiku 14-17. Pambuyo mizu ikukula mpaka masentimita 5, cuttings ingabzalidwe mu gawo la mchenga, peat ndi perlite mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1. Kudula kudula kumafunika kukhala m'chipinda chofunda, ndipo amafunikira kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse;
- mawonekedwe a mpweya - njira iyi ikutsatira izi: mu mphukira yopangidwa ndi apical, mtanda umapangidwira ngati mawonekedwe, atakulungidwa mu moss moss ndi polyethylene. Ngati mukufuna, mankhwalawa amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kukonzekera kupititsa patsogolo mizu yopanga.
M'tsogolomu, "mphu" yomwe imakhala ndi mchere imathandiza kuti izi zikhale bwino ndi siringe popanda singano. Pambuyo masiku 35-45, mphukira imayamba mizu, imadulidwa, maluwa ndi mbali ya masamba amachotsedwa kuti kukula kwa mbewu yaying'ono ikhale yabwino, kenaka amafesedwa mu gawo lokonzekera kuti akhale malo osatha.
Mbewuyo imayikidwa pamalo amdima ndipo imafalikira tsiku ndi tsiku. Kubalana ndi zida zikuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo;
- kubzala mbewu za brugmansia - Njira iyi yoberekera ndi imodzi mwa yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kupezeka komanso kosavuta, koma ili ndi vuto limodzi: zosiyana siyana (mawonekedwe a maluwa, mtundu ndi kukula) sizitengedwera kwa zomera zazing'ono nthawi zonse. Kenaka, tikuganizira kufesa mbewu mozama.
The cuttings amachitika mu May-June.Kodi kuchita izi, masamba apansi ayenera kuchotsedwa pa tsinde lodulidwa ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi.Ukhoza kuliphimba ndi filimu kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha kwenikweni.Pofesa brugmansii, kubzala zipatso zodabwitsa zomera
Pamene mukukonzekera kukula brugmancia ku mbewu, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yobzala. Nthaŵi yoyenera yofesa mbewu ndi nthawi yochokera ku January mpaka March, pamene kuyala kwakukulu kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 5-10 mm.
Pofuna kumera bwino mbeu, zimalimbikitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono muzichotsa chivundikirocho ndi mpeni ndikuziwombera tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda ndi kuwonjezera pa mizu yotentha kapena yotchedwa Heteroauxin.
Mukudziwa? Kununkhira kwa maluwa usiku kumakula kwambiri.
Kubzala mbewu za Brugmansia: momwe mungakonzekeretse nthaka yobzala duwa
Pamene mukuganiza za kubzala Brugmansia, komanso momwe mungalimire bwino, muyenera kulipira chifukwa cha kuyendetsa. Njira yabwino ya Brugmansia ndi mphika wopangidwa ndi dongo kapena zowonjezera, ngati sitingathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito, mphika wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki wa malita 15 amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati zakonzedwa kuti mutabzala mbewu za Brugmancia zidzakulira mumphika chaka chonse, ndizomveka kugula chidebe cha mitundu yowala kuti musapitirire kutentha kwa mizu. Pansi pa mphika mzere wothira umadzaza mu masentimita atatu a dothi lokulitsidwa, miyala yachitsulo kapena miyala.
Nthaka ya Brugmansia iyenera kukhala yosavuta komanso yosasunthika, dothi la munda ndiloyenera. Ntchito yowonjezera chomera chomera chamchere: peat, humus, loamy lapansi molingana ndi 2: 1: 1. Dziko lokonzedwa limatsanulira mu mphika ndi ngalande ndi kuthirira ndi ofunda yankho la manganese kwa disinfection.
Kukula Brugmansia kuchokera ku mbewu: kubzala ndi kusamalira mbande
Nthaka ya Brugmancia ndikukula kuchokera ku mbewu imamasulidwa bwino ndipo imayambitsidwa, kenako mbeuyo imabzalidwa mozama ma 5-10 mm ndipo mphika umadzazidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu. Mutabzala mbewu, chidebecho chiyenera kukhala pamalo otentha kwambiri kutentha kwa 22 ... +25 ° C.
Nthaka imakhala yothira, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe mpweya wambiri mu mphika. Pambuyo pa masiku 12-55, mphukira zoyamba zikuwoneka, pambuyo pake pogona pachotsedwa. Mbewu zambiri za brugmancia zidzamera zimadalira kuchuluka kwa mbewu yatsopano komanso nyengo ya kutentha ndi chinyezi m'mlengalenga.
Ndikofunikira! Zamalonda, atropine ndi scopolamine alkaloid zimapezeka ku Brugmansia.Mbande zimatulutsidwa kangapo patsiku, komanso zimapereka madzi okwanira. Poyesa kubzala mbeu zingapo mu chidebe, zimabzalidwa miphika iliyonse pambuyo pa nyemba zili ndi timapepala 5-6. Pakuika, mbande zimakula pansi mpaka tsamba la masamba.
Momwe mungasamalire mbande za Brugmansia, makamaka kulima Brugmansia kuchokera ku mbewu
Mbeu za Brugmancia ziyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula ndi mphepo, nthawi zonse kumasula dothi ndikuyika chidebecho ndi mbande mu malo abwino, owala. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, Brugmansia adzasintha mtundu wa masamba, ndipo mphukira idzatambasula kwambiri.
Chomeracho sichitha kutenga matenda, koma chimayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene tilibe mpweya wokwanira komanso mphalasitiki, slugs ndi nkhono ndi chinyezi chochuluka. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mbeu ndi tizirombo, nkofunika nthawi zonse kuti tizitsatira Brugmancia ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikusonkhanitsa zitsanzo zazikuru ndi manja.
Kuthirira brugmansii
Mbalame zazikulu zimatulutsa madzi ambirimbiri, choncho zomera zimapatsa madzi okwanira m'nyengo yozizira, nyengo yozizira kwambiri ya kuthirira imachepa. Palibe chifukwa choti dothi liloledwe kuti liume, komanso kuchepa kwa madzi pansi, izi zingachititse imfa ya Brugmansia. Kuthirira kumafunika ndi madzi ofunda. Pa kutentha madzulo mukhoza kutsuka masamba ndi madzi.
Kodi ndi nthawi yanji kumera mbande za a Brugman?
Mbewu ya Brugmancia ya miyezi iwiri yochokera ku mbewu ingayambe kudyetsedwa ndi tizilombo tochepa ta feteleza timadzi timene timakhala ndi masiku 7 mpaka 10. Miyezi isanu itatha mphukira, Brugmancia amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza zovuta masiku khumi ndi awiri kuti kukula kwa mbeu kukule bwino. Brugmansia wamkulu akufalikira amadyetsedwa ndi fetereza ndi phosphorous feteleza feteleza.
Mukudziwa? M'mayiko ena, Brugmansia amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Nthawi ingabzalidwe poyera Brugmans
Kuyambira pamene Brugmansia ndi thermophilic shrub, imakula pamtunda woyenda pafupifupi 5 ° C. Ngati muli ndi chiwembu cha kumunda kumadera otentha, mungathe kubzala mbande za Brugmancia kumapeto kwa chaka chimodzi pamene mbewuzo zidabzalidwa.
Ngati mumakhala pakatikati, mutangoyamba kubzala mbeu ndi kubzala mphukira kuchokera mwezi wa April mutha kukwera pansi ku Brugmancia. Mkhalidwe waukulu - kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kugwa pansipa +5 ° C.
Pachifukwa ichi, kuziika ziyenera kuchitidwa mwa kusamutsa zonse zomwe zili mu mphika - mizu ndi dothi lotseguka pansi kuti likhale lalikulu popanda malo ochepa chabe. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimakumbidwa ndi nthaka ndikuyiika mu mphika, kenako zimasamutsira ku chipinda choyatsa bwino ndi kutentha kwa ... +13 ° C.
Chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri, chomwe nthawi zina chimatchedwa "lipenga la mngelo" pachimake chowoneka ngati chida choimbira, chimakula kuchokera ku mbewu za Brugmancia molimbika. Mmerawo ukhoza kuphuka kangapo pa nyengo, mpaka pakati pa December, kukongoletsa ndi malingaliro ake munda kapena mkati.
