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Munda wa masamba

"Tsabola zagolide", nthawi yofesa mbewu za tsabola chifukwa cha mbande m'midzi

Kufesa kwa mbeu kumatulutsidwa masiku 65 isanakwane tsiku lodzala mbande kumalo awo osatha.

Tsiku la kufesa mbewu za tsabola chifukwa cha mbande m'dera la Moscow m'masiku otsiriza a March, ngati akukonzekera kudzala mbande potseguka pansi.

Ngati mbande zidabzalidwa pansi pogona, muyenera kufesa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March.

Kusankha Mbewu

Musanafese, mbewu zimasankhidwa pa sieve ndi kukula, zofooka zimachotsedwa ndi kulemera kwawo, zomwe amaikidwa mu NaCl 5%. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mbewu zofooka zimatuluka, ndipo mbewu zapamwamba zimamira, ndipo monga zamtengo wapatali, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufesa. Iwo amatsogoleredwa kuti ayambe kumera. N'zosavuta kuchita. Pasanathe sabata umodzi musanafeseMbeuyi imayikidwa m'kadya kakang'ono pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za thonje kapena fyuluta, yothira ndi kuyikidwa pamalo amdima, kusunga chinyezi. Mbeu zogwedezeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufesa.

Mbewu yokonzekera musanadzalemo

Kulimbana ndi matendakupatsirana kudzera mu mbewu Zidasankhidwa mu 1% ya potassium manganic acid solution kwa mphindi 10 ndi kusamba ndi madzi oyera. Kenaka, nyembazo zimayambitsidwa mu njira yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi feteleza muyeso yopezeka (yowerengedwera ndowa imodzi ya madzi):

  • Potaziyamu mchere 3 g;
  • manganese sulfate 0.7 g;
  • superphosphate 5 g;
  • ammonium nitrate 3 g;
  • boric acid 1 g;
  • zinki sulphate 1 g;
  • ammonium molybdate 1 g;
  • mkuwa sulphate 1g.
Kukonzekera kwa mbewuyi musanafese kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola zoyambirira za tsabola.

Ndi bwino kufesa mbeu mabokosi a kukula kwake. ndi dothi lokhala ndi masentimita 10. Mabokosiwo amasambitsidwa Kutetezedwa mwachitsulo mu 3-5% yothetsera mankhwala kapena 10% yothetsera mavitamini.

Zosakaniza dothi za kufesa

Zosakaniza zofesa mbewu zingakhale zosiyana, mwachitsanzo:

  • humus (magawo awiri), nthaka ya sod ndi mchenga wosakani (gawo limodzi);
  • humus (gawo limodzi), utuchi (gawo limodzi), peat (magawo awiri), nthaka ya sod (gawo 1);
  • humus (magawo asanu), nthaka yamtundu (gawo limodzi).

Mu kapangidwe ka zakudya pa chidebe chimodzi muyenera kuwonjezera:

  1. 0,5 makapu phulusa (zovuta);
  2. 45 g wa superphosphate;
  3. 45 magalamu a potaziyamu mchere.

Zosakaniza ziyenera kusakanizidwa bwino.. Wokonzekera kusakaniza amatsanuliridwa mu bokosi, kusiya 3 masentimita kuchokera pamphepete, kuti nthaka ndi mbewu zisatsukidwe panthawi yomwe imwanirira.

  1. Musanafese pamwamba ndikuwonetsa grooves; mtunda pakati pawo ndi 2-4 cm.
  2. Mbewu imabzalidwa mozama pafupifupi 1 masentimita, pamtunda wa masentimita atatu kuchokera kwa mzake.

Pofuna kubwezeretsa, gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza bwino ndi mchenga wowonjezera.kotero kuti kutumphuka sikupangidwe. Mbewu yamadzi ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera kuthirira akhoza.

Mabokosi amakhala pamalo otentha pamtunda wa madigiri 23 (greenhouses, greenhouses, mipando yamoto). Pamene mphukira imawonekera, kuti imalimbitse mphukira ndi mizu, kutentha kumatsikira ku madigiri 14-16.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mbande imatambasulidwa chifukwa cha kusowa kuwala, m'pofunika kuwatsanulira ndi nthaka kusakaniza ku mabala.

Zosakaniza zili okonzeka kufufuza mawonekedwe atsopano. Musanayambe kusankha zopangira, ayenera kuthiriridwa kuti asunge mizu yabwino.

Zomera zophika m'miphika, zodzala ndi zakudya zosakaniza kapena mabokosi pamtunda wa 6 × 6, 7 × 7 kapena 8 × 6 cm. Kusakaniza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi kufesa mbewu.

Kupanga mphukira zowonjezera bwino Iwo ametezedwa kuchokera ku dzuwa lowala. Mbande imakula miphika, osadwala kwambiri, ali ndi mizu yowonjezereka, ayamba kubala zipatso mofulumira.

Ndikofunikira! Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti mbande yosakonzeka bwino, ngakhale pa nthaka yachonde imapereka zokolola zochepa.

Pamene mukukula mbande ziyenera kukhala zokwiya. Kuti muchite izi, malo obiriwira mumphepete mwa zomera, amachititsa madzi okwanira ambiri, koma musadwale nthaka (chinyezi chimasiya kukula).

Kudyetsa kumachitika masiku 12-14.. Monga feteleza wa potashi kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa. Ndi osauka kukula kwa kudyetsa kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa (madzi - 10 h, mullein - 1 h). Pambuyo kudyetsa, zomera zimatsukidwa ndi madzi. Kuthirira ndi kuvala kumaphatikizana ndi kupalira nthawi zonse.

Akufika poyera

Musanadzalemo, mbande ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi kuti zisamawononge miphika (mbande zopota) ndi mbande zopanda madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Tsabola obzalidwa potseguka pansi pamene ngozi ya chisanu yadutsa.

Zitsime pansi pa mbande zimapanga mizere ndi mtunda 65-75 masentimita, kusiyana pakati pa zomera - pafupifupi masentimita 25. Pafupifupi, zomera 8 zimabzalidwa pa m2.

Mpulumutsi zimadalira maluwa atsopano. Ngati zomera zatsanulidwa, m'tsogolomu izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa masamba oyambirira, ndipo, motero, kukolola koyamba.

Kawirikawiri anabzala madzulo. Choncho zomera zimakhala ndi nthawi yolimba usiku.

Zitsime zimatsanulidwa ndi madzi (kwa aliyense mpaka 2 malita). Zochepa atayikidwa pamzu wa khosi. Kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti azikhala pansi, kuthirira n'kofunika masiku awiri, nyengo yotentha - kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Poyamba, tsabola amapeza mphamvu komanso amakula bwino. Pambuyo polimbikitsa mizu, Patatha masiku 14 muyenera kupanga feteleza, mwachitsanzo, kuwerengera pa chidebe 1 cha madzi:

  • superphosphate 45 g;
  • potaziyamu kloride 20 g;
  • ammonium nitrate 25 g.

Panthawi imeneyi, maluwa imayamba, kotero zomera zimayenera kudyetsedwa. Kudyetsa kumachitika nthawi zonse, makamaka fruiting nthawi. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zonse feteleza organic, ndi mineral.

Kutsegulira pakati pa mizere iyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, kuti musatseke zimayambira, komanso kuti musamawononge mizu. Spud amafunika tsabola pamene maluwa akuyamba.

Chifukwa cha zenizeni za mawonekedwe a tsabola (zipatso ndi maluwa zimawoneka m'malo omwe tsinde la nthambi lilipo), sikofunika kuponya tsabola.

Ngati mukutsatira ndondomeko yoyenera yobzala mbande, mu nyengo yozizira ya m'madera a ku Moscow, zokolola za zipatso za tsabola mu nthaka yotseguka zimapezeka kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa July kufikira chisanu choyamba.

THANDIZANI! Phunzirani za njira zosiyanasiyana zokula ndi kusamalira tsabola: mu miphika kapena mapiritsi, pamatope osatsegula, ngakhale pamapepala a chimbudzi. Phunzirani njira yochenjera yobzala mu nkhono, komanso matenda ndi tizilombo toononga bwanji mbande zanu?

Zida zothandiza

Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:

  • Kulima bwino mbewu ndi kuti zizitsitsimule musanafese?
  • Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
  • Kodi akulimbikitsana bwanji ndi momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito?
  • Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwera kapena zimachotsedwa, komanso chifukwa chake mphukira imamwalira?
  • Maganizo odzala m'madera a Russia makamaka makamaka kulima ku Urals ndi Siberia.
  • Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.
  • Phunzirani malamulo oti mubzale Chibulgaria ndi tsabola wotentha, komanso mutenge zokoma?

Pomalizira, tikukupatsani vidiyo momwe mungabzalidwe mbande potseguka pansi:

Nkhani Yosangalatsa