Malamulo ndi zinsinsi za kukula, wowonjezera kutentha kwa tsabola uzichita wekha

Tsabola zonse: otentha ndi ochepa-lakuthwa, okoma ndi owawa - okonda kutentha.

Choncho njira yabwino kwambiri kupeza zokolola zochuluka ndi njira kukulitsa iwo mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kotheka kumayambiriro koyambirira, ndipo kuyeretsa kwa tsabola mu nthaka yotsekedwa kumatha kuchepetsedwa kufikira kutentha kwakukulu.

Zowonjezera kutentha zimadzipangitsa nokha

Mpweya wochepa wowonjezera wowonjezera wa tsabola, womwe umatsegula mochuluka momwe ungathere nyengo yozizira, ndiyo njira yabwino yopitira. Malo obiriwira a masamba awa sali opambana, popeza tsabola ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri, ndipo mu wowonjezera kutentha mwayi wowunika umakhala wochepa.

Kuwonjezera apo, chiwerengero cha tchire chobzala kawirikawiri sichikulu kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mu wowonjezera kutentha mudzayenera kubzala tsabola limodzi ndi zikhalidwe zina, ndipo izi sizili zofunika, chifukwa mbewu iyi kumafuna kulengedwa kwa nyengo yapadera.

Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti ndibwino kuti tsabola apange wowonjezera kutentha, pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zomwe zingakwanitse komanso zotsika mtengo kwa aliyense wolima masamba.
Ndi zophweka kupanga wowonjezera kutentha kwa tsabola nokha ndipo tikukupatsani zina mwa njira zosavuta ndi chithunzi:
1. Zowonjezera kutentha pa maziko.

Pogwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe oterewa, mzere wa njerwa womangirizidwa ndi chisakanizo cha simenti umaikidwa pamalo osankhidwa pozungulira. Kutentha kwawunikira kumangidwe kumalo otseguka kuti dzuwa lifike ku zomera. Maonekedwe a wowonjezera kutentha amasankhidwa kummawa-kumadzulo, ndipo mapulani ayenera kutsegulira kumwera.

Pogwiritsa ntchito makoma a wowonjezera kutentha, mungagwiritse ntchito matabwa kapena matabwa akale. Bokosi lapadera lokhala ndi timagulu ting'onoting'ono timapangidwa kuchokera ku mfundoyi pa maziko. Pamwamba pa nyumbayi ili ndi chimango chakale kapena chimango cha mafilimu omwe ali ndi filimuyi. Kuti zikhale zosavuta kutsegulira kapena kutsegula wowonjezera kutentha, denga liyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuzingwe.

Denga la wowonjezera kutentha ndi lamodzi kapena laling'ono. Pogwiritsa ntchito denga lokhetsedwa, m'mphepete mwa bokosi muli 20-25 sentimita pamwamba. Kutalika kwa bokosi sikuyenera kupitirira 40-50 centimita, mwinamwake zomera sizidzasowa kuwala.

2. Kutentha kotentha kwa tunnel.

Mtundu umenewu ndi wotheka. Zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zamitengo kapena mapaipi a polypropylene, amawongolera m'thumba lamtunduwu ndipo amamangirira pansi kapena amaikidwa pamtanda. Mtunda pakati pa arcs ndi 50-60 centimita. Chigawocho chiwerengedwa kuti mzere wambiri wa tsabola ukhale mkati mwake.

Chojambulacho chikuphimbidwa pamwamba ndi filimu ya polyethylene kapena chophimba chokhala ndi sing'anga kapena msinkhu waukulu. Chivundikiro cha pansi chimayikidwa ndi zinthu zilizonse zolemetsa. Mutha kumanga misomali pamphepete mwawo, yomwe ikadzitsegulidwa, idzapukuta chophimbacho. Arcs pakati pawo ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi waya kapena slats zopangidwa ndi matabwa, izi zidzalimbitsa mphamvu ya zomangamanga.

3. Wowonjezera kutentha pamaziko a chimango.

Mtundu uwu wa tsabola ndi wojambula wa mafelemu ojambulidwa ndi zojambulazo. Mafelemu ali pansi pa matabwa kapena matabwa. Mukhoza kumanga mawonekedwe a nyumba kapena mawonekedwe a bokosi lokhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe ali ndi chimango pamwamba.

Mmalo mwa filimu, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a polycarbonate. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa wowonjezera kutentha zidzawonjezeka kwambiri, ngakhale kufunika kwake kudzawonjezeka.

Kusankha mitundu

Osati mitundu yonse ya tsabola ndi abwino kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Polima m'madera otentha, sankhani mitundu yaying'ono komanso yamapakati. Mitundu yowonjezera yotentha kwambiri ndi yotere:

1. Kusasamala.
2. Pinocchio.
3. Tibul.
4. Centurion.
5. Bhala
6. Barguzin.
7. Kusamalidwa
8. Chigwirizano
9. Cornet.

Mitundu yonseyi imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri a tsabola - pamwamba zowola. Iwo ali yambani kufulumira ndi kukhala ndi nthawi yakucha pa tchire mu mikhalidwe ya unheated greenhouses ndi greenhouses.

Mmera kukonzekera

Pepper ndi chikhalidwe ndi nyengo yotalika kwambiri, choncho amafesedwa asanakhale ndi zikhalidwe zonseyakula ndi rassadnym njira. Analimbikitsa nthawi yofesa - kumapeto kwa February

Tsabola ya pepper ndi yofooka kwambiri, choncho imakonda kusinthasintha kawirikawiri. Zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala tsabola m'magawo osiyana.

Magalasi opanda pansi amaikidwa m'bokosi kapena pamphuno ndipo amadzaza ndi kusakaniza kwa dothi ndi mchenga kapena peat (2: 1). Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza nthaka kwa tsabola ku sitolo.

Mbewu imayambitsidwa ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate, kenako kukula kokondweretsa.

Mphamvu ndi mbewu zimaphimbidwa ndi zinthu zomveka ndikuyika malo ofunda ndi ofunika. Tsabola zikakula mpaka 15-20 masentimita, ziyenera kuzungulidwa.. Njira imeneyi imalimbikitsa kukula kwa phokoso lamtunduwu kuti likhale lobiriwira. Mphukira zambiri zidzawonjezera chiwerengero cha zipatso mu chitsamba chimodzi.

Mbande analimbikitsa kangapo kudyetsa. Chovala choyamba chapamwamba chimachitika mu gawo la masamba atatu, chachiwiri - timapepala 4-5. Pepper ayenera kulandira feteleza ochuluka kwambiri pamene chitsamba chimapanga masamba 8-9, chifukwa maluwa amayamba kuchokera nthawi imeneyo.

Gawo lofunika pa kukula mbande ndilovuta. Makhalidwe omwe amamera amachotsedwa pa khonde la masana, usiku amayenera kutengedwera kutenthedwa. Komanso, tsabola iyenera kuphunzitsidwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, nthawi ndi nthawi kuyiyika pamsewu pamalo amdima. Tsabola zosakonzedwa motere zimakhala zopweteka kwambiri pochoka pa wowonjezera kutentha, chifukwa zidzakhala zovuta kwa iwo kuti azizoloŵera kusintha kosasintha kwa microclimate.

Timabzala bwino

Pamene tikupanga tchire 12-13 masamba enieni ikubwera kubzala nthawi mu wowonjezera kutentha. Panthawi imeneyi, masamba amayamba kumangiriza tsabola, mizu imakhala yopangidwa komanso yokonzeka kulima mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kupewa kupanikizika kwambiri kwa zomera panthawi yopatsira, pafupifupi sabata imodzi isanafike mabokosi ndi zomera zoyenera kuika mu wowonjezera kutentha. Usiku iwo amatsekedwa, ndipo masana, malingana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, amatsegula pang'ono kapena kwathunthu.

Kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kungatheke pamene dziko liphulika mpaka madigiri 15-16. M'malo osungira osasaka, izi sizichitika mpaka pakati pa May.

Musanabzala, nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha imakonzedwa bwino. Pangani kompositi kapena humus, phosphorus-potaziyamu feteleza.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Musawonjezere manyowa atsopano, izi zimapangitsa kuti mazira ambiri asagwe ndipo sipadzakhala zipatso pa tsabola.

Momwe mungalimire mofulumira mbande za tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha mungathe kuziwona mu kanema iyi:

Zonse za kukula tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha

Kutentha kwakukulu ndi chinyezi - zikuluzikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kulima tsabola.

Ndichifukwa chake kulima mu malo osungirako mafilimu ndikovomerezeka kwambiri, popeza n'zotheka kupanga zinthu zoterezi.

Kuti mupambane, chitani zotsatirazi:

1. Imwani madzi abwino. Kuthirira kumakhala kwakukulu, nthawi zonse madzi ofunda. Musalole kuti zouma, makamaka zikufeseni nthaka pansi pa tsabola.
2. Nthawi yoti udziwe. M'nyengo yotentha, wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kutsegulidwa momwe angathere, monga tsabola silingalole kutentha kwambiri.
3. Pangani tchire. Pakuti bwino kuyatsa kwa tchire, tsabola ayenera kudula, kusiya 2-3 wamphamvu kwambiri zimayambira. Koma pali mitundu (Barguzin, Buratino) yomwe safunikira kudulira. Kuonjezera pa kudulira, ndikofunikira kuchotsa maluwa omwe ali pansi, komanso masamba onse omwe alibe maluwa.
4. Dyetsa nthawi zonse. Pafupipafupi pamwezi, kuthirira kumakhala pamodzi ndi feteleza kapena feteleza. Koma fetereza ya feteleza ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kamodzi pa nthawi yonseyo komanso muzitha kuchepa. Kuwonjezera kwa nayitrojeni kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa masamba, ndipo zipatso sizidzamangirizidwa.
5. Mthunzi kuchokera ku dzuwa. Pepper ndi wokonda dzuŵa, koma osati kutenthedwa kapena kutenthedwa, moteronso masiku otentha kwambiri ndi ofunikira. Apo ayi, masamba amasanduka woyera, ndipo maluwa angagwe.
6. Sungani tizirombo. Kupewa kuchitika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingachiritsidwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Karbofos, Aktellik, etc.). Awononge nyerere m'mitengo yotsekemera nthawi, chifukwa amanyamula nsabwe za m'masamba - tizilombo toopsa ndi tsabola.
7. Tetezani ku matenda. Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kusintha komwe kumayambira pa zomera. Mukawona mawanga onse pa masamba kapena zipatso, tsamba lokhazikika, tsamba lakutentha, limatanthawuza kuti tsabola yayamba ndi matenda. Choyamba, yambani tchire ndi Phytosporin ndikudyetseni. Zitsanzo zovuta kwambiri zimachotsedwa mwamsanga.
8. Pewani mphepo ndi ma drafts. Choopsa kwambiri ndiko kutsegula kwa mapeto awiri mu ngalandeyi. Tsabola ndi kuyimba uku ndizolemba, ndipo zimamuvulaza.
9. Samasulani nthaka. Mizu imafuna mpweya, kotero kumasula kumayenera kuchitika pambuyo kuthirira kulikonse. Musamasulire dziko lapansi mozama kuposa masentimita 5 - pali chiopsezo chowononga mizu yovuta.

Zinsinsi za kukolola kolemera

Pamene mukukula tsabola, mbali zina za mbeuyi ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zipeze zotsatira zake:

• Musamamwe tsabola kuchokera pamwamba, chifukwa ichi ndi mbeu yokhala ndi mungu wovunditsa ndipo mwa njirayi mumatsuka mungu, kutanthauza kuti mumachepetsa chiwerengero cha mazira.
• Pakati pa maluwa othamanga ndi ndodo, gwedeza tchire kuti muwonjezere kutuluka ndi maluwa;
• Musabzale pafupi ndi mitundu yowawa ndi yokoma. Zitsamba zingathe pereopylyatsya, ndipo tsabola yanu yonseyo idzakhala yowawa.

Kumayambiriro kwa August, zitsani pamwamba pa tchire ndi kuchotsa masamba onse omwe ma thumba losunga mazira silinapangidwe.

Njirayi idzapangitsa tchire kukulira zipatso zomwe zakhazikitsidwa kale, chifukwa zatsopano sizikhala ndi nthawi yokula panthawiyi.

Kusunga malamulo onse a tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha kudzakuthandizani kuti muzisangalala ndi zipatso zokoma komanso zathanzi payekha.