Hyacinth ndi maluwa okongola, okongola kwambiri, omwe amamasula kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene kuwala koyamba kwa dzuwa kumatentha dziko lapansi itatha.
Chokongola ndi chokongola, hyacinths imadabwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maonekedwe, kuchokera ku utoto (wachikasu, pinki, woyera) kupita ku zomera zakuda komanso zakuda.
Iyi ndi maluwa onse omwe amatha kukhala pakhomo, komanso amamva bwino pazomwe zimachitika kumunda.
Anthu amachitcha kuti hyacinth maluwa a mvula. Chomeracho ndi cha banja la kakombo ndipo ndi mitundu 30. Dziko lawo ndi Mediterranean ndi South Asia.
Chomera chinawonekera ku Ulaya kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo adalandira chidziwitso cha mtundu wapamwamba wa anthu chifukwa cha fungo labwino kwambiri ndi mtundu wobiriwira wabuluu.
M'zaka za zana lotsatira, hyacinths anali atakula kale, ndipo kuyambira m'zaka za zana la XVIII panali mitundu yoposa 2,000 (yosavuta, onunkhira, terry, etc.).
Masiku ano, anthu opereka mababu ambiri ndiwo Netherlands ndi UK.
Pezani zobala zobereka za maluwa cuttings.
Werengani apa, chomwe chili chothandiza kwa munthu wa lingonberry.
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Pezani zobala zobereka za maluwa cuttings.Kubzala hyacinths
Mababu amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga hyacinths, ngakhale kuti kubereka mbewu ndi kotheka.
Ndi bwino kusankha mababu omwe ali ndi mapiritsi (zazikulu zolimbikitsidwa), zotanuka ndi zowuma, osati zokhudzana ndi matenda kapena tizilombo toononga.
Chomera chiyenera kuyamba mu October: Ngati chodzala kale, pansi pa nyengo yofunda, mababu adzayamba kumera ndi kufa pa chisanu choyamba.
Koma ndizosapindulitsa kuchepetsa kubzala: nawonso adzayamba mizu yoipa ndikusintha mtsogolo.
Chiwembucho chiyenera kutsegulidwa ndi dzuwa. Musamabzala chomera pafupi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba zazikulu: mizu yawo idzasokoneza hayacinthiti, kutenga gawo lalikulu la zakudya m'nthaka. Malowo akhoza kukhala ngakhale kapena kutsika pang'ono: kotero chinyezi chidzasamba ndipo sichidzaphulika.
Nthaka iyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale: yonjezerani feteleza mchere ndi humus kwa izo, zolembera sizikhala manyowa atsopano.
Musanabzala mababu a hyacinth, ndi bwino kuti muteteze motsutsana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwa kuwagwira kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri (15-15) njira yotsatirayi:
- Kusintha kwa 0.2% topsina-m;
- 0.1% yankho la decis;
- 0.1% aktar (1 piritsi imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi).
Pofuna kuteteza mababu a disinfection, mungagwiritse ntchito chida china chodziwika bwino: njira yowonjezera ya potassium permanganate.
Pambuyo pake, mababuwo amathamanga pamabowo osadziwika (10-20 cm) pamtunda wa 10-15 masentimita.
Siyani masentimita 20 pakati pa mizera. Thirani pansi pa dzenje ndi mchenga woyera wa mtsinje (5 masentimita) ndi kukanikiza babu.
Kenaka ponyani mchenga pamwamba, ndikuphimba ndi nthaka. Kotero babu iyenera kutetezedwa kwambiri ku kuvunda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Asanayambe kuzizira nyengo ndi chisanu zimatuluka, ndi bwino kuphimba ndi utuchi, youma peat, humus kapena lapnik. Musaiwale kuti muwatsegule mosamala ndi kuwala koyamba kwa dzuwa, monga mazira a hyacinth akuwoneka mofulumira kwambiri.
Choyamba ndi bwino kudzala mitundu ina, ngakhale kusiyana pakati pa maluwa oyambirira, pakati ndi mochedwa mitundu ndi sabata yokha.
Zenizeni za kukula kwa petunias m'munda wawo.
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Zenizeni za kukula kwa petunias m'munda wawo.Kukula hyacinths
Hyacinths amafunika kusamalira mosamala: pokhapokha iwo adzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa obiriwira. Dothi lozungulira kubzala liyenera kukhala loyera, kumasulidwa; Panthawi youma, iyenera kuthira mozama kuya 15-20 masentimita.
Pa nthawi yopatsa mbewu zimalimbikitsa kudyetsa nthaka katatu. Monga njira yothandizira, m'pofunika kuwonetsa zomera (2-3 nthawi), kudula matenda peduncles ndi mpeni kapena kudula maluwa kumapeto kwa maluwa.
Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito muuma kapena kusungunuka mawonekedwe, musanayambe moisten nthaka bwino. Chovala choyamba chapamwamba chimapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa maluwa (njira ya 20-25 g ya saltpeter ndi 15-20 g ya superphosphate pa 1 sq. M chiwembu).
Yachiwiri - pa mapangidwe masamba (30-35 g wa superphosphate kuphatikiza 15-20 g wa potaziyamu sulphate). Kuvala kachitatu kumachitidwa kumapeto kwa maluwa (30-35 g wa superphosphate kuphatikizapo pulosiyamu ya sulfate).
Kusamala pambuyo pa maluwa ndi kusungiramo mababu
Mababu a opanga ojambula a ku Ulaya amafunika kuti asamapite ku wintering pansi. Mkhalidwe wathu, iwo akhoza kupambana bwino, koma iwo adzaphuka moyipa chaka chilichonse, ndiyeno iwo adzafa kawirikawiri.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kukumba mwamsanga pamene masamba akutembenukira chikasu. Kutha kwa June kumatengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino kuyamba kukonzekera hyacinths m'nyengo yozizira.
Kukumba kudzaperekanso kuyang'ana bulbu iliyonse, kuyimilira ndi kusinthidwa komweku pofuna kuteteza chitetezo ku tizirombo zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda.
Kusungirako babu ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi hyacinths. Ndi panthawi ino kuti moyo watsopano umabadwa mu babu: ndondomeko yopangidwira za inflorescences imayamba.
Ndikofunika kusunga magawo onse osungirako maluwa mtsogolo:
- Anyezi akudulidwa ayenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira ndipo amauma mu chipinda chodetsedwa pa kutentha kwa 20ºC (masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri);
- ndiye iwo ayenera kuchotsedwa kuchokera pansi, osamalidwa ndi olekanitsa ana;
- Mababu osankhidwawo amaikidwa mubokosi mumagawo awiri. Ngati mababuwo ndi ochepa, mukhoza kusunga phukusi losaina.
Kusungiranso kwa mababu kumagawidwa mu magawo awiri:
- Pafupi miyezi iwiri muyenera kuwasunga m'chipinda pa kutentha kwapamwamba (25-26º);
- mwezi watha kutentha kumatsikira ku 17º.
Ndikofunikira kusunga chinyezi mu chipinda ndikuchiwombera nthawi zonse. Kutentha kwakung'ono kungayambitse mababu.
Nthawi yonse yosungirako imatenga pafupifupi masiku 95. Mtambo wina wofunikira: musanabzala, muyenera kugwira mababu mu chipinda chozizira kuti azizoloŵera kutentha.
Monga lamulo, mizu imawombera kuzungulira babu, choncho, m'pofunika kudzala mosamala kwambiri, popanda kuwawononga. Ngati palibe njira, m'pofunika kuti mapangidwe awo apulumuke pogwiritsa ntchito babuyi ndi nsalu yoyera ndi youma.
Kuswana
Hyacinth imawonjezeka makamaka ndi ana, i.e. anyezi aang'ono.
N'zotheka ndi mbewu, koma njirayi siidali yolima. Mababu akuluakulu chaka chilichonse amapanga ana 4.
Iwo amasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi amayi m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndipo amafesedwa pansi kumapeto kwa August. Pambuyo pa zaka 2-3, mababu amakhala okhwima ndipo ayamba pachimake.
Mbali za kulima ndi kusamalira zowonjezera.
Maluwa akukula a hyacinths, pa nyumba yawo yachilimwe: //rusfermer.net/sad/tsvetochnyj-sad/vyrashhivanie-tsvetov/posadka-gatsanii-yuzhnoafrikanskoj-romashki-v-nashih-shirotah.html
Mbali za kulima ndi kusamalira zowonjezera.Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kusamalidwa bwino kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti chomera chimayamba kuvulaza. Mwachitsanzo, kuthirira madzi ochulukirapo, kuyatsa kokwanira ndi zojambula zimabweretsa oyambirira chikasu cha masamba.
Mukamwetsa, musamatsanulire madzi pa mphukira yosatsegulidwa: iyo idzadwala ndipo sidzatsegulidwa. Kuchepetsa moyo wa alumali kungachepetse kukula kwazomera.
Nthawi zina wamaluwa amawona kuti chomeracho sichimasintha. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha zolakwitsa zopangidwa panthawi ya chisamaliro. Mwachitsanzo:
- anabzala mababu aang'ono kwambiri;
- mababu anali kusungidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu;
- anabweretsa ku dzuwa lowala kwambiri mofulumira kwambiri.
Hyacinth nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi bakiteriya achikasu, omwe amachititsa kuti mababuwo akhale ntchentche ndipo ali ndi fungo lakuthwa, losasangalatsa.
Mababu amenewa ayenera kuwonongedwa, ndipo dzenje likuyambidwa ndi 5% yankho la formalin kapena bleach.
Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chikhoza kubzalidwa m'malo ano patatha zaka zingapo.
Kwa hyacinths amakondweretsani inu ndi maluwa obiriwira ndi oopsa akuwonani magawo onse obzala, kusungirako ndi kukula.
Pachifukwa ichi, bedi lanu la maluwa lidzasanduka kapepala kokongola kwambiri, kamene kadzasiya chidwi chosaiwalika chaka chonse.
