Mitundu yosakanikirana ndi mabulosi a Blackberry - wotchuka kwambiri ku kulima kwawo chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo, zopindulitsa katundu, kukana chisanu, matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Pali mitundu yochepa yosiyanasiyana. Timakumbukira kwambiri wotchuka chisanu zosagwira sukulu ya mabulosi akutchire.
Agave
Mitundu yambiri ya mabulosi akuda kuposa zaka zana zapitazo inalembedwa ku America. Izi ndi mitundu yosiyana-siyana yamphamvu, yamtali (1.8-2.2 m), tchire zakuda. The spikes ndi zazikulu, zokhota pang'ono. Mphukira ya chomeracho imayima, yandiweyani, ndi nsonga zowononga, ndipo nthambi zoonda zimatha kukula pang'onopang'ono. Mphukira yapamwamba ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka ziwiri (chaka choyamba iwo amakula, ndipo chachiwiri amabala chipatso ndikufa), ndipo gawo la pansi pano liri ndi zaka zambiri.
Mphukira zapachaka ndi zobiriwira (m'dzinja zimakhala zofiirira), ndi minga zazikulu, ndi zaka ziwiri zimakhala zofiira. Masamba pa tchire ndi obiriwira, omwe ali ndi masamba asanu, omwe ali ndi mitsempha yotsekemera. Maluwawo ndi oyera, akuluakulu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu racemes yolunjika. Mabulosi a Blackberry Agave lalikulu, 3-4 g, wandiweyani, wobiriwira-wakuda, wowonyezimira, wowutsa mudyo komanso wokoma kwambiri. Mu mabulosi burashi 10-12 zipatso. Amayamba kuimba kumapeto kwa August - kumayambiriro kwa September. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatchuka chifukwa cha chisanu chotsutsana (chimapangitsa kutentha kufika mpaka -40 ° C), zokolola zambiri (zimatha kupanga makilogalamu 10 a zipatso kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi pachaka) ndi kukana matenda osiyanasiyana.
Mafuta atsopano amasungidwa kwa nthawi ndithu. Mitengo ya mabulosi a mabulosi akutchire ndi yovuta kwambiri komanso yozizira kwambiri. Kuti mabulosi akuda agaveam apereke fruited, imbani m'malo okongola, ndi loamy nthaka, pamtunda wa 50-70 cm wina ndi mzake. Agaves kwambiri amachulukitsa mochulukitsa mizu suckers, ndipo amatha kuchita izi mwa mphukira, koma zimakhala zovuta kugwadira rooting ndi mizu yolimba.
Mukudziwa? Ku Ulaya, mabulosi akutchire anawonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XVIII. Ndipo America imatengedwa kuti ndi malo obadwira mabulosi awa, kumene amakula pafupifupi pafupifupi ziwembu zonse.
Gazda
Ndizolimba, ndi zowongoka komanso zamphamvu (zothandizira ziyenera kuikidwa), mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabulosi akuda. Zimayambira zomera zabwino. Mabulosi akutchire amapindula m'chaka chachiwiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo fruiting akulimbikitsidwa kudula zimayambira. Kuonjezera apo, muyenera kuzungulira nthambi zothandizira 2-3 internodes. Maluwawo ndi oyera, akuluakulu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu racemes yolunjika. Masamba pa tchire ndi obiriwira, omwe ali ndi masamba asanu, omwe ali ndi mitsempha yotsekemera. Zosiyanasiyanazi ndizoyenera kusonkhanitsa mavitamini.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapsa mofulumira, kuyambira pachiyambi cha August mpaka kumapeto kwa September. Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, 5-7 g, kuzungulira, zofiirira, zakuda, zotsekemera, zowonjezereka. Iwo amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo ali oyenerera malonda pa msika mwatsopano, ndi kuzizira, ndi kusungidwa. Zabwino zotumizidwa. Zokolola za mabulosi akutchire mitundu Gazda kwambiri. Kalasiyi imaperekedwa ndi mkulu chisanu kukana ndi chipiriro ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndi owononga. Amakonda malo ndi nthaka yachonde.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha zowonongeka, makolo athu amatchedwa blackberry berry-hedgehog.
Darrow
Izi ndi zosankhidwa zosiyanasiyana za mabulosi akutchire aku America. Zipatso ndi zokoma ndi zowawa, zazikulu (mpaka 4 g), zakuda, zakuda, oblong, yowutsa mudyo, thupi lakuda. Mphukira imakhala yamphamvu, thotho, yowomba, ndi mamita 2.5-3 m'litali. Masamba a masamba, zobiriwira, zokongoletsera. Kupsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiyomweyi, ndipo nthawi yakucha imatha mwezi ndi theka. Mu mtundu wa blackberry Darrow zokolola zimayesedwa ndi zikhalidwe za kulima ndi msinkhu wa chitsamba, chaka chilichonse amapereka zochulukirapo.
Kuchokera ku chitsamba china ndizotheka kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi makilogalamu khumi a zipatso. Mchenga wa Blackberry wakula nthawi zambiri pa trellis ndi zothandizira. M'chaka chachisanu kapena chachisanu ndi chimodzi, tchire amapereka zidutswa khumi za ana. Kumalo amodzi popanda kuika mabulosi akutchire akhoza kukula kufikira zaka khumi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo imakhala yopanda chisanu, yomwe imatha kupirira mpaka 34 ° C chisanu.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi chisanu kukana, izi zosiyanasiyana ndizochepa kwa Agave zosiyanasiyana.
Pofuna kubzala mphete yamabulosi akuda, sankhani malo owala ndi chonde chomera. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, makamaka pamene mphukira imayamba kukula mwamphamvu ndipo zipatso zimapsa. Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano ndi kupangidwa mawonekedwe (madzi, kupanikizana, compote, odzola, mafuta, zouma), komanso tiyi wabwino kwambiri amapezeka masamba.
Pola
Izi ndi zosankhidwa zosiyanasiyana za ku Poland, zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa mu 2008. Akuwombera molunjika, amphamvu, popanda minga, 2.7 mamita m'litali. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, melkopilchatye m'mphepete mwake. Zipatsozo ndizowonongeka, zonyezimira, zazikulu, zakuda, zofiira, 9-11 g mulemera, zokoma mu zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira. Zosiyanasiyana ndi zoyambirira kucha ndipo zimabereka zipatso kwa nthawi yaitali. Zipatso zikumera kumapeto kwa June. Ndi mabulosi akutchire amodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsa 5 makilogalamu a zipatso. Mitundu ya mabulosi a mabulosi a Blackberry Polar resistant to matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toononga.
Kutentha kwa chisanu (kupirira kutentha mpaka -30 ˚С). Zipatso zimatengedwa mosavuta, zimatha kupirira zogulitsa. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, zoyenera kuzizira ndi kusungidwa. Anabzala bwino kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa March mpaka m'ma April. Malo oti chodzala asankhidwe atayikidwa, ndi kukhetsa loamy nthaka.
Ndikofunikira! Mabulosi a mabulosi a mabulosi a mabulosi a mabulosi Amtundu wotsekemera salola kuti nthaka ikhale yambiri, onetsetsani kuti mukuganiza izi posankha malo obzala.
Mzinda wa Ufa
Mitundu ya mabulosi a blackberry ndi mbewu yabwino ya Agave zosiyanasiyana, koma imadutsa mu shuga wothira zipatso, zokolola, ndipo mwina, mu chisanu kukana. Mitundu yobereketsa ikupitirirabe. Maluwawo ndi oyera, apakatikati, ambiri, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu racemes yolunjika. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, melkopilchatye m'mphepete mwake.
Zipatsozo ndi zakuda, zonyezimira, zowirira, pafupifupi 3 g mulemera. Kukoma kwa zipatsozo ndi kotsekemera, ndi kutchulidwa kokometsera kwa mabulosi akuda. Malo akupita amakonda kuyatsa ndi chonde. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira kwambiri, yolekerera matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toononga, yachisanu chakuthwa. Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso zoyenera kuzizira ndi kuteteza.
Wilson airlie
Woimira oyambirira yakucha mitundu ya mabulosi akutchire. Zipatso ziphuka mu July. Mphukira ndi yolunjika, koma pamene zomera zikukula, zimatsamira pansi ndipo motero amafunika kumangidwa. Maluwawo ndi oyera, ochulukirapo, omwe amadziwika mu ma racemes owongoka. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, melkopilchatye m'mphepete mwake. Mitengo yaying'ono, pafupifupi 2 g, yonyezimira, yofiira-wofiira, yoboola mazira.
Mitundu ya mabulosi a Blackberry Wilson Airlie ali wolimba kwambiri ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira, yoyenera ngakhale ku Siberia. Malo odzala ndi abwino kusankha dzuwa, nthaka - chonde. Mitengoyi imakhala yatsopano, yoyenera kuzizira ndi kukonza.
Chester Thornless
Ku US mu zaka za makumi asanu ndi ziwiri zapitazo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabulosi akuda Chester Thornless inabzalidwa ndi kusakanizidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Tornfrey ndi Darrow. Imodzi mwa mitundu yopanda chisanu kwambiri yotchedwa bespishny mabulosi akuda. Mitengo ndi yamphamvu. Mphukira ya mabulosi akuda awa ndi owongolera kapena ochepa-wilding, kuwala kofiira, kusinthasintha, kufika mamita atatu mu msinkhu.
Ndikofunikira!Kubala zimayambira pambuyo pa fruiting nthawi imayamba kuuma. Mbali yomwe ili pamwambapa imasinthidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
Masambawa ndi trifoliate, melkopilchatye m'mphepete mwa mdima. Maluwa oyera kapena pinki, aakulu, pyatilepestkovye. Maburashi a Berry amaphimba zipatso zambirimbiri. Zipatso ndi zokoma ndi zowawa, zakuda, zonyezimira, zowonjezera, mpaka 3 masentimita m'litali, zowonongeka, zowonongeka, 5-8 g mulemera. Zipatso zimatengedwa mosamalitsa ndi kusungidwa. Zonse zimakhala zabwino komanso zoyenera kuzizira komanso kuzikonza. Mokwanira fruiting mabulosi akuda mitundu Chester Thornless akuyamba ndi chaka chachitatu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapatsidwa chisanu chotsutsa (mpaka -30 ˚С), kupirira kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Sitikonda kukwera kwakukulu kwambiri. Pofuna kubzala, sankhani malo owunikira, achonde, nthaka yowonongeka kapena yopanda ndale. Ndi bwino kubzala chitsamba mu kasupe, atangomaliza panthaka, kapena kumapeto kwa autumn.
Flint
Izi ndizodziwika bwino ku America zomwe zimatchuka chifukwa cha kutentha kwa chisanu (tolerates temperature mpaka -40 ˚С), kukana matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kusakaniza kokondweretsa ndi zipatso zokoma kwambiri. Nthambi zimakhala zitsamba, zowoneka, zamphamvu, mpaka mamita atatu mu msinkhu, ma spikes ochepa. Maluwa ndi aakulu, oyera, ambiri. Masambawa ndi aakulu, okhala ndi mitsempha yokongola, yobiriwira.
Mitengoyi imakhala yakuda, yowala, yowirira, yozungulira, yolemera 5-7 g, okoma (ngakhale okoma kuposa raspberries). Zokolola za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zapamwamba kwambiri, pafupifupi makilogalamu khumi kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Zipatsozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthambiyi kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo sizingagwe, zotsika. Zabwino zatsopano, zoyenera kuzizira ndi kuzikonza. Maluwa akugwa pa May. Zipatso m'gawo lachiwiri la July. Flint wakuda wakuda ndi wodzichepetsa, koma amasankha malo owala, nthaka yowonjezera loamy.
Mukudziwa? Pali lingaliro lodziwika pakati pa anthu kuti ndiletsedwa kutenga mabulosi akuda pambuyo pa September 29, chifukwa ndi owopsa pa thanzi, chifukwa masamba a mabulosi amadziwika ndi satana.
