Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo toyambitsa pichesi

Mitengo ya Peach ikhoza kugwidwa ndi munda wa tizirombo (nsabwe za m'masamba, shchitovki, njenjete, weevil, ndi zina zotero.).

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa masamba ndi mphukira, kuchepetsa chitukuko, kuwononga mbewu ndi kupha imfa. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera:

• panthawi yake yowona kuti zirombo zimapezeka (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ali ndi "zolemba" zomwe zingathe kuwerengedwa);
• tengani zoyenera.

Njira zothandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizochitika zina za agrotechnical (autumn ndi kasupe kukumba, kuchotsa kugwa masamba, kuyeretsa makungwa, kudulira mphukira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa laimu, kuika misampha, ndi zina zotero.) ndi mankhwala ochizira mankhwala a pichesi kuchokera ku tizirombo omwe akukonzekera (kwa mtundu uliwonse wa tizilombo ndikofunikira kusankha tizilombo tokha).

Ndikofunikira! Mankhwala owopsa ayenera kupopedwa ndi kutsekedwa ndi nkhungu - zochepa kwambiri zokha - mtengo wonse mofanana. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti yankho likugwera kumbali zonse ziwiri za pepala - kunja ndi mkati, kuthira khungu (makamaka ming'alu).

Weevils

Zilonda zam'madzi ndi mphutsi zawo zimapweteka kwambiri mtengo wa pichesi - Gnawing achinyamata masamba, masamba, kuwononga achinyamata masamba ndi maluwa ovary (gnawing pa petals, pistils ndi stamens), akuvutika matenda fungal.

Kulimbana ndi zida zogwirira ntchito kumaphatikizapo makamaka njira zothandizira (njira zothandizira zowononga zimapereka chitetezo chodalirika cha munda). Kupewa ndi motere:

• kuyang'ana ndi kuyang'ana nthambi za mitengo ya maluwa, kuyang'ana mbande (makamaka pansi);
• Kukonzekera bwino kwa malo ndi mbewu zomwe zingasokonezeke ndi zida zosiyanasiyana m'munda;
• m'dzinja ndi kumasika kukumba dziko lapansi pozungulira pichesi, kuyeretsa makungwa akale;
• Kutentha kwa kasupe ndi mkaka wa mandimu (1.5 makilogalamu a mandimu pa 10 malita a madzi) m'munsi mwa tsinde (panthawi ya kutupa kwa impso);
• Kuyika mkanjo wamsampha pa thunthu (kuchokera pansi kufika ku nthambi yoyamba);
• Musanayambe kupopera masambawo ndi madzi osakaniza sopo ndi mpiru wa mpiru (akhoza kutsitsiridwa ndi phulusa);
• chodzala mabedi anyezi a azungu pafupi ndi pichesi (fungo la pungent limaletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda).

Mukudziwa? Zilonda zakutchire ndi zobiriwira zakuda kuchokera ku 7 mpaka 12 mm ndi proboscis yaitali (chifukwa cha tizilombo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa njovu). Amabereka ndi parthenogenesis (akazi okhawo amakhala m'dera lathu). Mayi wina akhoza kukhala mazira 1000. Mitengo yambiri yomwe imatuluka m'nthaka, imatuluka mumlengalenga mu April, mazira amaikidwa mu May (mu maluwa).

Ngati chitetezo cha tizirombo sichinathandize, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikumangabe, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito njira (zachilengedwe) ndi mankhwala (insecticidal).

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otetezeka kwa mbewu ndi tizilombo todwalitsa (njuchi):

• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa adani achilengedwe a zonyansa - mwachitsanzo, nematodes ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambira May mpaka June. Kukonzekera ndi entomonematodes monga ufa ("Antonem-F" kapena "Nemabakt") umasungunuka m'madzi. Ndiye pichesi mizu imathiridwa ndi njirayi. Nematodes ndi madzi kulowa mkati mwa mphutsi za weevil ndikupha tizirombo.
• "Mmawa" Kukonzekera kwa mimbulu - m'mawa, pamene nsikidzi zimachepetsanso ndi kuzizira, mukhoza kuzigwedeza pamagulu pa bulangeti kapena mafuta.
• Kuchotsa masamba oonongeka (owoneka pamwamba pa bulauni).

Ngati njira zotetezeka sizinapangitse zotsatira zoyenera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezereka - spray masamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kumadalira mankhwala, koma nthawi yoyamba muyenera kusamalira sabata musanayambe kufotokoza maluwa (mankhwala "Karachar", "Fitoferm", "Iskra M"), mankhwala ambiri amalola kugwiritsa ntchito katatu - isanayambe maluwa, gawo lotsiriza la maluwa ndi masiku khumi mutatha maluwa ("Fufanon", "Kemifos", "Novaktion", ndi zina zotero).

Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizowa. Kuthamanga kwabwino kumakhala kuchokera 2 mpaka 5 malita pa mtengo.

Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupeŵa kusokoneza tizilombo to tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, sizodalitsika kuti tigwiritse ntchito chimodzimodzi mzere, ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mapulani osiyana. Ngati pali mitengo yambiri, musanayambe ntchito yoyamba muyenera kuyesa zotsatira za ndalama pamtengo umodzi.

Pliers

Nthata (zofiira zofiira, zofala, etc.) zimadyetsa zomera zowonongeka ndipo zimangowonongeka mtengo wa pichesi, komanso kuwononga mtengo.

Nkhupakupa pa pichesiyi imakhala yosawoneka - kukula kwake ndi 1 mm. Amakhala mkatikati mwa masamba, zipatso, mphukira.

Chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwawo ndi mawonekedwe a ukonde pakati pa masamba, pa zimayambira (pa zitsamba zamagulu, nthata zingatengeke ndi mphepo kupita ku mitengo ina).

M'nyengo yotentha, nkhuku zimakula mofulumira (kuchokera mazira mpaka akuluakulu - masiku asanu ndi awiri). Zikiti sizimakonda mvula, kuzizira ndi dampness.

Mukudziwa? Mitikiti ndi banja lachigawo cha Arachnid-mtundu wa Arthropods (miyendo 8 ya miyendo isanu, awiri awiri a maso, mutu umakanikizidwa pachifuwa, kusintha kwapamwamba). Mudziko muli mitundu yoposa 50,000. Kukula kwazing'ono (kuyambira 0,4 mpaka 1 mm) kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwona nthawi yomweyo tizilombo.

Zomwe zimadziteteza nthawi zonse (kuyeretsa thumba, kuika mabotchi, kuwononga tsamba lakugwa, ndi zina zotere) zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha nkhuku ya pichesi, koma sichikutsimikizira 100%.

Choncho, m'pofunika kuyendetsa bwino masamba ndi nthambi za mitengo. Ngati zizindikiro za nkhupaku zikuwoneka, yesani. M'nkhani yosanyalanyazidwa, mungathe kupereka njira zowonongeka zedi (popanda mankhwala olemera). Kupopera mbewu izi:

• fodya. Njira yothetsera vutoli imapangidwa kuchokera ku kilogalamu ya fodya (yogulitsidwa m'masitolo) ndi malita 20 a madzi (ndibwino kuti muyambe kuyendetsa ku yunifolomu mu chidebe), onjezerani 50 g sopo (kuti mumvetse bwino). Ndikofunika kupopera kawiri ndi kupuma kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri;
• kulowetsedwa kwa chamomile (onetsetsani maola 12 a chamomile mu chidebe cha madzi). Ndi kofunikanso kukonza kawiri ndi sabata.

Ngati mtengo wagonjetsedwa ndi nkhupakupa, ndiye kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi acaricides tidzapulumutsidwa. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikiza kawiri - pambuyo pa maonekedwe a ovary ndi mwezi usanayambe kukolola (izi zidzathandiza kuti ziwonongeke mphutsi ndi akulu poyamba, ndiyeno zichotsedwe kuchokera mazira).

Njira zothandiza kwambiri:

• sulfure (pa 10 mpaka 80 g) - amasinthidwa pa nyengo yokula kuyambira 1 mpaka 6 nthawi (mankhwala amodzi - tsiku lililonse);
• "Phyto famu" (lita imodzi - 15 ml) - 2 pa nthawi yokula (yachiwiri - pambuyo pa masiku awiri);
• "Neoron" (10 l - 15 ml) - kamodzi mu masiku 45 asanakolole;
• "Karate" (10 malita - 5 ml) - 2 nthawi pa nyengo yokula (yachiwiri - pambuyo pa masiku 20).

Moths

Njenjete zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kwa mphukira zazing'ono ndi zokolola (ngati kulimbana ndi tizirombozi za pichesi kuchedwa, ndiye kuti zipatso zonse zingafe). Kawirikawiri, yamapichesi amagwidwa ndi nsomba zam'mawa ndi kum'mwera.

Njenjete ya Kum'mawa

Kuvulaza kuchokera ku njenjete ya kum'mawa kwachepetsedwa osati kungowononga chipatso. Mbozi imadya mphukira zazing'ono, zimatenga nkhungu (kuphatikizapo ascomycete, zomwe zimayambitsa moniliosis). Zizindikiro zoyamba za tizirombo ndi:

• kutsitsa pa mphukira zazing'ono, ming'alu yautali, kuthamanga kwawo ndi kufa;
• mphutsi pamwamba pa mapichesi.

Mukudziwa? Njenjete ya Kum'maŵa - Lepidoptera butterfly (mamita 15 m'litali). Mkaziyo ndi wamkulu kuposa wamphongo. Mapikowo ndi ofiira-bulauni, thupi ndi mdima. Mayi wa agulugufe ndi East Asia. Ntchentche zimatha mwezi umodzi panthawi yamaluwa a pichesi. Kugwira ntchito kwambiri madzulo komanso m'mawa kwambiri. Mazira (kuchokera 100 mpaka 200) amaikidwa pamwamba pa mphukira, masamba (akazi a mbadwo woyamba), sepals ndi peduncles (akazi a m'badwo wachiwiri). Mbadwo umodzi umakhala masiku 24 mpaka 40. Mpaka mibadwo inayi imatha kudutsa nthawi, ikuphatikizana. Zima zimadikira ming'alu pamakungwa, pansi pa masamba ogwa.

Polimbana ndi chimfine chakum'mawa chakumpoto, agrotechnical, zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala amagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• Agrotechnical measure ndi prophylactic ndi thanzi labwino - madzulo, makungwa akufa akutsukidwa, masamba akutha achotsedwa, padalka, mphukira zakuwonongeka zimadulidwa, ndipo m'dzinja nthaka imasulidwa. Misampha imagwiritsidwanso ntchito - guluu ndi ma pheromones kwa amuna (mphamvu ya njirayi ndi yaing'ono), malamba pa thunthu la mankhwala osakanizidwa (gawo limodzi la chlorophos);
• zachilengedwe - pogwiritsira ntchito Hymenoptera Trichograms (okwera mazira odyera omwe amawononga mazira).
• Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi mbadwo uliwonse (kuphatikizapo mutatha kukolola). Benzophosphate ndi wothandizira amphamvu kwambiri kumbali ya kum'mawa (10 malita - 60 g) - sprayed katatu (nthawi pakati pa mankhwala - masiku 15) mutatha maluwa. Amagwiritsanso ntchito "Chlorofos" (10 l - 20 g), 25% "Rovikurt" (10 l - 10 g), 10% "Karbofos" (10 l - 60 g) ndi ena. kusakaniza pa mtengo wamkulu ndi 2 l pa achinyamata.

Ndikofunikira! Panthawi ya maluwa a pichesi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amaletsedwa. Zomera zina m'munda pakukonzekera mapeyala ndi tizilombo tizilumikizidwe ziyenera kukhala ndi zojambulazo.

Plum moth

Plum moth mphutsi kupatsira pichesi zipatso: Manyowa ndi phunyu la fupa zimadyedwa, ziwiya za tsinde zathyoledwa (kuchepa kwa timadziti zimasiya), mwanayo amayamba kufota, kuimba mofulumira ndi kugwa.

Chizindikiro choyamba cha kukhalapo kwa maula njenjete - kugwa kwakukulu kwa mapeyala obiriwira ndi wormholes, komanso maonekedwe a zipatso ndi masamba a ziphuphu za mabubu.

Mukudziwa? Mbalameyi imakhala yofanana ndi kum'maŵa, ndipo ili ndi zazikulu zazikulu (mpaka 2 cm). Mphuphu zimatha kumapeto kwa May - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June. Gulugufe amatha masiku 4 mpaka 15, amatha kufesa mazira 50 pa zipatso. Nkhumba zimadula khungu la pichesi ndipo zimayambira mu chipatsocho. Kwa nyengoyi nthawi yodutsa mibadwo iwiri ya njenjete. Mbalame yotentha yozizira m'nyengo yamphepete mwachitsulo, mumtunda pansi pa mtengo.

Chitetezo cha Peach ku tizirombozi ndi agrotechnical ndi njira zachilengedwe ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kummawa njenjete. Ndi tizirombo ting'onoting'ono, tikulangizidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito Bitoxibacillin biopreparation motsutsana ndi mbadwo uliwonse (40-80 g pa 10 l).

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala kuli ndichindunji:

• Kukonzekera kumachitika mpaka kuoneka kwa mbozi (ndi maonekedwe a intaneti) - "Intavir" (piritsi limodzi pa 10 malita);
• motsutsana ndi mbozi zachiwiri - Fufanon, Sumition, Novaktion (koma pasanathe masiku 30 asanakolole).

Moth

Njenjete za m'munda ndi mphutsi zake (makamaka miner moth ndi chipatso chofiira njenjete) zimayambitsa kwambiri masamba, mphukira zazing'ono ndi masamba a pichesi.

Nsomba Zamagodi

Mbewu yamagetsi imachepetsa kulemera kwa pichesi, imalepheretsa kukula, imachepetsa zokolola za mbewu. Zizindikiro za kugonjetsa njenjete - kusankhwima msanga ndi kugwa kwa masamba omwe awonongeka ndi mphutsi. Pa masamba - malo omwe amapezeka, migodi (mu mawonekedwe a tunnel, mawanga, etc.).

Mbewu yamagetsi imakhala yozungulira pafupifupi 4 mm. Njenjete yaikazi imakhala ndi mazira 90 kumbuyo kwa masamba, kumene mphutsi imatchera migodi m'mabotolo a masamba (khungu siliwonongeka). Oyendetsa minda overwinter mu kuvulala kwa makungwa, pansi pa masamba akugwa.

Polimbana ndi njenjete ya migodi, ntchito yofunika kwambiri imasewedwa ndi kuyeretsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba omwe agwa, kugwa mvula yoyera ya thunthu, kukumba, kutsuka ndi madzi ambiri m'nyengo yachilimwe ya agulugufe.

Monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsa ntchito tincture wa tsabola wofiira (wiritsani ora, pa magawo khumi a madzi - magawo asanu a tsabola, ndiye tsatirani tsiku). 10 l - 125 ml tincture, kuwonjezera 40 g sopo. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikiza kawiri, ndi phokoso pa sabata.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ndalamazi sikungathandize kuti tithe kumasulidwa ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho, kukonzekera mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono (kupopera masamba, kulowetsa mu nthaka, ndi kulowa mu tsinde).

Izi ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza chitukuko cha tizilombo ("Dimilin", "Insegar", "Match", etc.) ndi organophosphate ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ("Bi-58 atsopano", "Zolon", "Konfidor Maxi", etc.). .

Chipatso Chophwanyika Chobala Zipatso

Mbozi ya zipatso zamtundu imasiyanitsidwa ndi kususuka (mbozi imodzi imatha kuwononga 5-6 mphukira), kudya masamba, masamba, kudya mbewu za mapichesi achinyamata. Nyama yozizira, kukwera pansi pa khungwa la mtengo, m'mapanga ake, imatuluka m'nyengo yamaluwa.

Mabulugufe oyambirira amaonekera mu June, akuyika mazira madzulo. Kukhazikitsa nthawi ndi masabata awiri. Chakumapeto kwa August, agulugufe a m'badwo wachiwiri amawonekera.

Zina mwa njira zothana ndi tizirombo zimatenga malo aakulu agrotechnical (kudulira nthambi zomwe zakhudza ndi mphukira, kuyeretsa masamba akugwa).

Pakati pa mpangidwe wa mphukira, korona wa peach akhoza kupopedwa ndi emulsion ndi mafakitale mafuta 1-20A, "Karbofos" (10 l - 30 g) kapena "Chlorophos" (10 l - 20 g). Pa dzira likugona, masamba angapangidwe ndi mankhwala a phenoxycarb, ndipo ntchito yothetsera njenjete pa pichesi imangobwereranso kumbuyo.

Aphid

Aphid ndi tizilombo toyamwa. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba achinyamata mphukira kufota, zouma, kutayika masamba, mtengo umayamba kuvulaza. Zizindikiro za kupezeka kwa aphid:

• Masamba a nsabwe za m'masamba (masamba, pansi pa masamba, mphukira zazing'ono);
• kasupe (pad), kuphimba masamba;
• kupotoza kwa nsonga za mphukira;
• mapangidwe a masamba ndi zipatso amatha;
• nyerere yaikulu (iwo amakopeka ndi pad).

Ndikofunikira! Ndi kuzindikira kanthawi koyenera nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zosavuta kuzigwira - chotsani manja, kusamba ndi sopo ndi madzi, ndi zina zotero. Ngati nthawi yosowa - muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Nsomba za m'masamba, zobiriwira, zakuda ndi nsomba za m'masamba zimasokonezeka makamaka.

Green Peach Aphid

Tizilombo ta mtundu wobiriwira, timene ting'onoting'ono (1.5 mm), timapanga maulendo. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwambiri kumabwera chifukwa cha masamba obiriwira ndi mafinya aang'ono: amawaza tsamba ndi proboscis ndipo amamwa juzi (masamba amatha, kupindika, kugwa, maluwa amatha, mbewu zimatha).

Mavuto owonongeka amaundana m'nyengo yozizira, bowa amakhala pamtunda, timabowo timene timakhala tikufooka.

Mukuyenera kuyamba nsabwe za m'masamba ndi njira zosavuta mtengo wa pichesi:

• agrotechnical: kudula mizu mphukira, kupalira kapena kutchera zomera, kuyeretsa makungwa, kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi dzanja kapena ndi madzi amphamvu;
• Zamoyo: kugwiritsa ntchito nsabwe za m'masamba (nsikidzi, madontho, ziwombankhanga, ndi zina zotero.). Kubzala nettle, anyezi, zitsamba, ndi zina. Kuwonjezera apo,mu magawo oyambirira) gwiritsani ntchito decoctions ndi dandelion infusions (Masamba 400 g amaumirira maola awiri mu 10 malita a madzi ofunda), adyo (300 g osungunula adyo mu 10 l madzi kuti muthe mphindi 20), peel anyezi (Magazi 150 pa 10 malita a madzi, tsanitsani masiku asanu, onjezani 50 g sopo) ndi ena;
• mankhwala: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kugwa - Bordeaux madzi (2%), mu kasupe, musanafike kapena pambuyo maluwa, - Bordeaux madzi (1%), chisakanizo cha thiazole ndi fostyol, "Dipterex". Ndi kubwera kwa zipatso - "Bi-58 Watsopano", "Actofit" (8 ml pa lita imodzi ya madzi), ndi zina. M'chaka, mukhoza kupha nsabwe za m'masamba pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira ndi DNOC (kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri).

Peti ya Peach Aphid

Kuphatikizidwa aphid pa pichesi imayamwa madzi kuchokera ku makungwa ndipo amawombera (makungwa amakhala otayirira), masamba pamwamba mphukira kukulunga, kutembenukira wofiira ndi kugwa.

Dzina lakuti aphid limalandira chifukwa cha mdima 7-8 wakuda thupi lachikasu. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mazira amakhalabe ming'alu ya makungwa, mphutsi zimawonekera kumayambiriro kwa masika (m'badwo woyamba).

Choyamba amadyetsa impso, kenako masamba. Kuwonekera kwa misala ya nsabwe za m'masamba - m'badwo wachiwiri ndi wachitatu. M'dzinja, akazi amaika mazira awiri kapena atatu ndikufa.

Njira zothana ndi nsomba za nsomba za m'masamba zimakhala zofanana ndi momwe mungagwirire ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.

Shchitovka

Shchitovka - tizilombo tizilombo timene timakhala pa pichesi. Kudyetsa sinus kumayamwa timadziti kuchokera ku khungwa, imayika mazira mmenemo, nyengo yowonjezera komanso makungwa. Mitundu yambiri ya mabala, shitokis yamamera ndi ya California ndi owopsa kwambiri pa pichesi.

Zizindikiro - kuphulika ndi kupotoza nsonga za mphukira, zowonongeka ndi makungwa a porous mu malo okhala ndi zishango, mphukira sizileka kubereka zipatso. Chizindikiro cha California shchitovki amatumikira madontho ofiira pa zipatso za yamapichesi.

Mukudziwa? Mabendera amafika kukula kwa 2 mpaka 7 mm. Chovala chofiirira kapena chofiira chakuda chimatetezera ku mankhwala kwa chishango, ndipo sizilombo zonse zikhoza kuwononga. Akazi - viviparous. Mphutsi (rooks) amasunthira mwakhama mpaka atagwirizana ndi chithandizo cha proboscis ndi kumasula ulusi wa sera - maziko a chishango.

Kuteteza kwa chishango kungatheke mwadzidzidzi: pozindikira zowopsya, n'zotheka kuwononga tizilombo (ngati mtengo uli akadakali wamng'ono).

Agrotechnical miyeso - kupukuta korona, kuwonongeka kwa mphukira, ndi kuwonongeka kwa mphukira - zimathandiza polimbana ndi chishango.

Chithandizo chodalirika, chotsimikiziridwa ndi chithandizo cha mbewu ndi tincture ya fodya (400 g fodya amaumirira mu malita 10 a madzi tsiku limodzi, maola awiri kuti wiritsani, kuwonjezera 50 g sopo ndi kutsanulira ina 10 malita a madzi).

Kumapeto kwa April, n'zotheka kuphatikiza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa motsutsana ndi weevils ndi kukula kwa tizilombo (zomwezo zikukonzekera).

С середины июня по середину августа происходит массовое отрождение бродяжек. Это самое удачное время для применения одного из инсектицидов (ДНОК 40%, "Искра-М", "Алиот", "Инта-ВИР" "Кинмикс", "Фуфанон"). Через неделю можно процедуру повторить, но с другим препаратом.