Chimodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri ndi laurel (laurus nobilis). Masamba ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuphika monga zokometsera zokometsera. Laurel akuchokera ku mayiko a Mediterranean. Agiriki akale anabweretsa chomera ku Gombe la Black Sea, ndipo pambuyo pake anayamba kulima pamalo otentha a dera. Mu chilengedwe, palinso chomera chamtundu ngati mtengo wamtali mamita 10-12. M'madera ozizira, maluwa okongola amakula m'munda momwemo.
Laurel - Ndi chomera cha dioecious chomwe chimakhala ndi maluwa amodzimodzi. Pa mitundu ina ya mitengo ya laurel mitengo yaing'ono inflorescences ndi stamen maluwa amaikidwa. Zipatso - zonunkhira zakuda-blue buluu mpaka 2 cm kutali ndi fupa lalikulu. Mbalame yotchedwa laurel kawirikawiri imamasula mu March-April, ndipo zipatso zimapsa m'katikati mwa autumn.
Kodi ndi zinthu zotani zomwe zimayenera kuperekedwa pofuna kukula kwa mbeu?
Kuti musamalire bwino simuyenera kuiwala kumene ndinachokera kwa katswiri wamakono. Chomeracho chimakula kwambiri pamphepete mwakummwera kwa chilumba cha Crimea, ku Caucasus, ku Belgium, ku Dutch ndi British. Kuti mukhale ndi chitukuko chabwino ndi kukula mumakhala nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira.
Kulima pa nthaka yotseguka kuyenera kuyang'ana kumwera kwa dziko lathu. The laurel malingaliro siimangoyenda pansi pamtunda. Kusakaniza kwa mphepo ya zomera ndi zosiyanasiyana kuyambira -9 mpaka -12 ° C. Nthambi ndi thunthu popanda kuwonongeka koonekeratu zingathe kupirira kutentha kwapakati pa zero 15. Kubzala mchenga m'dzikoli, kusamalira nthaka, chinyezi ndi kuwala.
Chomeracho chimadziwika bwino ndi nthaka zosiyanasiyana, koma muyenera kupeŵa chinyezi chowonjezera. Kuonetsetsa kuti mafuta akufunika kwambiri m'mamasamba, imani pa malo okwera. Dulani laurel makamaka kumayambiriro kwa masika, isanayambe kukula kwa masamba. M'chaka choyamba, dothi silifuna kudyetsa kwina. M'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, tchire la laurel likhoza kumera ndi mchere wambiri.
Momwe mungabzalitsire tsamba la bay
Kukonzekera kwa kubzala
Pofuna kubzala mchere pamalo otseguka, tengani nthaka yowala, yodzaza ndi carbonate. Mukhoza kugula nthaka yosakaniza "Cactus" kapena chifaniziro chake pansi pa dzina lina. Kwa nthaka ya carbonate yokwanira, m'pofunika kukonzekera nkhuni ndi masamba, kusakaniza ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 0.5.
Mukhoza kusakaniza pang'ono laimu kuti muonetsetse kuti mukuyenera kubzala masamba ndi mbewu, cuttings kapena nthambi. Kwa kuikidwa kwa achinyamata osowa zakudya kukonzekera zotsatirazi: Magawo awiri a pepala ndi dothi, 1 gawo la peat, humus ndi mchenga. Kusakaniza koteroko sikuyenera kulowerera kapena kukhala ndi zofooka zamchere.
Technology ikulima mosungirako m'munda
Kubalanso kwa mbewu ya laurel
Njira yodziwika bwino komanso yopindulitsa yobzala njereji ikufesa mbewu m'nthaka. Ngati mukufuna kubzala laurel m'dzikoli, ganizirani za kubzala ndi kusamalira. Njira zina ndizosavuta - mizu siimera bwino pansi. Mbewu zambiri zimamera zidutswa 95. Ziphuphu zimayenera kukolola pa zomera za uterine.Ndikofunikira! Mbewu ya Laurel imakhala ndi khola loteteza, lomwe ndi lofunika kuchotsa nthawi yomweyo musanafese m'nthaka.
Kwa kuswana mbatata maluwa ayenera kufesedwa mabokosi ndi nthaka. Kumbukirani kuti alumali moyo wa mbewu sizitali, choncho uwaike pansi pa alumali mpaka masika. Kuti ukhale wobiriwira kuchokera ku mbewu, uyenera kukonza mphika wa mchenga wouma kapena utuchi. Pofesa nthaka yotseguka, onetsetsani kutalika kwa maenje a 4-5 masentimita. Pambuyo pa mphukira yoyamba, nkofunika kuchepetsa mbewu, kusiya 6-8 masentimita pakati pa zomera.
Kudula mtengo wa Laurel
Kuti njirayi isankhe mphukira zomwe sizinasinthike kukhala nthambi zowona. Amatha kudulidwa pakati kapena pansi pa mtengo wa laurel. Tsinde lililonse loyenera kulima liyenera kukhala ndi osachepera atatu. Pangani chotsitsa chaching'ono pambali ya oblique. Masamba awiri apamwamba a laurel ayenera kudula pakati, pansi - kwathunthu. Zida zofunikira kudula laurel cholinga cha kubalana ziyenera kukonzekera mu March-April kapena mu June-July.
Pansi pa chidebe mumayambira mchenga wochuluka kapena osakaniza sod ndi mchenga. Chomera chomera chomera, chozama mu gawo lapansi lonyowa ndi masentimita 1-1.5. Phizani zomera ndi mtsuko wa galasi. Pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kuli + 16- + madigiri 20 ali ndi vuto la kupopera tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mpweya wabwino wa chipinda, zidutswa za cuttings zidzatha mkati mwa mwezi.
Kubalana kwa laurel mwa kuika
Laurel, yemwe ali m'gulu la zomera zokometsera zokhala ndi zokometsera, ali ndi mphukira zosinthika zomwe zingathe kubweretsedwanso popanda mavuto. Akatswiri ambiri omwe amadziwa zodziwika bwino za kukula kwa mbewu zambewu kuchokera ku mbewu amalingalira njira yachitatu kukhala yosadalirika pakubereka kwa zomera zokometsera (kuphatikizapo tchire, thyme, rosemary, etc.).
Pofuna kuswana ndi kuikapo, sankhani kudula nthambi zochepa za mayi kuti zikhale m'nyengo yozizira, kuti masika adzakhale mphukira zatsopano za cuttings. Konzani dothi pafupi ndi nyumba za amonke, zomwe adzatengeko zigawozo. Sakanizani nthaka ndi feteleza peat ndi miyala yabwino ya madzi. Mphukira yachinyamata yakucha imachotsedwa m'chilimwe.
Mphukira iliyonse ya chomeracho iyenera kuikidwa m'mphepete mwa nthaka yokonzedweratu, kenaka iikeni ndi kuyikamo pansi pazitsulo. Yesetsani kusunga madzi okwanira kuti muthe kulimbitsa tsinde la laurel (pafupifupi miyezi 2-3).
Ndiye mufunika kuchotsa pansi pakati pa zigawo zozika mizu ndi msanga wa mayi. Patadutsa mwezi - tsambani kondomu yazomwe mukukula ndikuchotsa pansi ndi rhizome yabwino. Ndibwino kuteteza zomera zazing'ono zachisanu kuchokera ku chisanu ndi mphepo youma ndi udzu kapena zinthu zosafunika pa nyengo yozizira.
Pofuna kupeŵa chiopsezo cha msanga kusadulidwa kwa cuttings mmalo mwa kutseguka pansi, yesetsani kugwetsa zidutswa zadothi muzitsulo ndi nthaka yokonzeka: magawo ofanana a peat, miyala yabwino, makungwa opunduka. Kuika mchere m'miphika kungapangidwe mu ozizira wowonjezera kutentha mpaka masika, ndikulima mosamala ndi kusamalira.
Malingaliro a chisamaliro cha kunja kwazomera
Kupopera mbewu ndi kuthirira
Laurel mosavuta amalekerera chilala. Ngakhale mu nyengo yotentha ndi bwino kuti musaiwale za kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwala. M'miyezi ya chilimwe, kuthirira kumakhala kochulukira, nthawi yachisanu ndi yophukira nthawi zina - moyenera. Kulepheretsa madzi a m'madzi kuti alowe m'nyengo yozizira - madzi am'madzi amakhudza mkhalidwe wa mbeu.
Laurel osasamala. Amafuna:
- - kuthirira madzi ambiri m'chilimwe - 1 nthawi pa sabata;
- - mowa wothirira m'nyengo yozizira - 1-2 nthawi pa mwezi;
- - kupopera mbewu ndi madzi otentha, ngati mphukira yachisale ili m'nyumba yozizira kapena wowonjezera kutentha (+ 3 ... + madigiri 5).
Feteleza wa Laurel
Kuti mukhale ndi udzu wokwanira, muyenera kutsatira malamulo oyambirira:
- - malo oti mubzala ayenera mosavuta kutenga madzi ndikudutsa mpweya;
- - bwino kusakaniza mawonekedwe: gawo lofanana dothi, peat ndi mchenga;
- - kuthirani nthaka ndi organic ndi mineral substances m'chaka ndi chilimwe 1 nthawi mu masabata awiri, m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira - kamodzi pamwezi.
Mmene mungadulire mtedza
Laurel akulimbikitsidwa kuti adulidwe m'nyengo yozizira. Opaleshoniyi imakhala pamtunda wa masentimita 10 kuchokera m'nthaka. Tsamba lakufupi la shtaby. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi luso lapamwamba lobwezeretsa. Pakukula, phokoso lolemekezeka lidzawonetsa mwamsanga mu kasupe nthambi zatsopano zomwe zimamera kuchokera ku tulo ndi mzuzi. Pakatikati pa nyengo ya mlengalenga musalole kuti mphukirayo ikule msinkhu - kumera chomera mu tchire tating'ono.
Mukudziwa? Mu nthaka yotseguka, laurel imakula mpaka mamita awiri mu msinkhu.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji laurel m'nyengo yozizira?
Nthawi yachisanu, tsatirani nthawi yambiri ya ulimi wothirira, ngati nyengo yozizira yowuma komanso yopanda chisanu. Onetsetsani kuti muphimbe tchire ndi udzu mpaka 40 masentimita usanafike masika. Mwinanso mungaponyedwe chisanu kuti mudye zomera.
Garden gardens: nthawi yokolola
Pa masamba a laurel amakhala zaka zoposa zinayi. Ndibwino kuti muzisonkhanitsa kuyambira m'dzinja mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira. Ndizosayenera kusunga masamba m'nyengo yozizira kwa chaka chachisanu. Ngati kuli kozizira kofiira, iwo adzataya mauthenga awo.
Kukonzekera kwa zomera zoyenera zodzala msinkhu ali ndi zaka zitatu. Dulani masamba molunjika kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono. Masamba a chomera chokongola kwambiri amame ndi nthambi mumthunzi. Kenaka masamba amang'ambika, amasankhidwa ndi kusungidwa kuti apitirize kusungirako. Kololani kokha pozizira.
