Spathiphyllum imachokera ku South America. Pansi pa chilengedwe, amakhala m'munsi mwa nkhalango zam'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi m'matanthwe.
Maluwawo anayamba kufotokozedwa ndi wofufuza wina wa ku Germany Gustav Wallis. Mtundu wochuluka wa mbewu ndi dzina lake. Ku Ulaya, anadziwitsidwa za kulima kwawo. Masiku ano pafupifupi mitundu 50 ya spathiphyllum imadziwika.
Ziwalo zazomera ndi chithunzi chake
Malo a malo
Spathiphyllum ilibe phesi la pamwamba, masamba aatali omwe amamera pansi kuchokera pansi. Mmene tsamba la tsambali limapangidwira komanso limakhala ndi mapeto ochepa kwambiri. Pali malo osiyana. Mitsempha yamkati imayikidwa bwino kwambiri.
Zosangalatsa zimasiya masamba obiriwira. Mlingo wokhala wodzaza umadalira mlengalenga: kutali kwambiri ndi kuwala kumene zomera zimakhala, mdima wobiriwira udzakhala.
- Ntchito yaikulu ya masamba ndi mapangidwe a zinthu zakuthupi. Malo akuluakulu a tsambali amatenga kuwala kwambiri, chifukwa choti mapangidwe a photosynthesis ayambitsidwa, motero kuonetsetsa kuti zakudya zamasamba zimayambira.
- Kupyolera mwa masamba masamba madzi amasokonekera ku mizu.
- Mothandizidwa ndi masamba, mpweya umakhala pakati pa maluwa ndi mpweya.
Masamba akusonkhanitsidwa mu mtolo wa mzu, kuchokera pakati pake pamene chomeracho chimatulutsa wochepa thupi lakuthwa mkha wa tsamba latsopano lomwe linakulungidwa mu chubu.
Tsinde
Maluwawo alibe malo apamwamba pamwamba pa nthaka amachokera ku zitsanzo zamkati kapena zomera zakutchire.
Muzu
Spathiphyllum mizu imaimiridwa ndi kanthawi kochepa kamene kali ndi mizu yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri. Mizu imapanga ntchito zotsatirazi muzomera:
- Mizu ya zomera imayikidwa pansi;
- Kupyolera mu mizu mu nthaka gawo la zakudya kuchokera m'madzi ndi nthaka;
- rhizome amapereka chomera kubereka.
Mzu wa spathiphyllum ndi fibrous, duwa ilibe taproot yaikulu, koma limakhalapo chifukwa cha njira zomwe zimangobwera kwambiri popangira dothi ladothi.
Spathiphyllum imafalitsidwa m'njira ziwiri:
- Chigawo cha Rhizome. Ndondomekoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chida chakuthwa, kudulidwa ndi phulusa ndi mafuta a makala.
- Kugawa chitsamba. Kuchokera pa chomera cha mayi chimasiyanitsidwa "ana" - njira zatsopano ndi mizu yawo. Ma rosetteswa amakula kuchokera ku mphukira yamtundu, choncho imatchedwa tsinde lalifupi.
Maluwa
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescence, owoneka ngati chimbudzi. Inflorescence ili kuzungulira ndi chophimba-chombo choyera, nthawi zina chobiriwira. Mu kukula kwake, nthawi zambiri ndi inflorescence. Maonekedwe a duwa adapatsa dzina lonse mmera. Spathiphyllum mumasuliridwe kuchokera ku Chigiriki - "ataphimbidwa ndi chivundikiro". Kufanana kwa petal ndi sitima kunachititsa kuti dzina lotchuka la Spathiphyllum - botilo liwonekere.
Maluwawo akukwera pamwamba pa masamba pa phesi lalitali. Kumapeto kwa maluwa, mtundu wa sitima umakhala wobiriwira. Maluwa ndi yaitali kwambiri - kuposa mwezi. Maluwa otayika amadulidwa kotero kuti chomeracho sichiwononga mphamvu pa mapangidwe a zipatso.
Maluwa a spathiphyllum amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu kuti azikongoletsa maluwa.
Nthawi zambiri zomera zimamasula kawiri pachaka. - m'nyengo yachilimwe-chilimwe, nthawi yachisanu-yozizira, koma mosamala mungathe kukwaniritsa nyengo yonse ya maluwa.
Zipatso
Spathiphyllum zipatso ndi zobiriwira mtundu ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono mkati.
Cholinga cha chipatso ndicho kusunga mbewu mpaka atakula.
Kunyumba, kuti akwaniritse mavuto opatsa zipatso, izi zimafuna zikhalidwe za wowonjezera kutentha. Kufalitsa mbewu ndi njira yosavomerezeka ya spathiphyllum, popeza mbeu imera ndi yochepa, ndipo patapita nthawi imatayika.
Matenda
Spathiphyllum ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, koma chimatha kuthana ndi matenda omwe amachitidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera kapena tizirombo.
Matenda a Zambiri
Matendawa angakhudze mizu. Zizindikiro za zilonda zoterezi zimakhala ndi maluwa, masamba. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zowola. Pankhaniyi Thandizo ndi vutoli lidzakuthandizira kusamba msangakuchotsa mizu yomwe yakhudzidwa.
Matenda a mizu amasonyezedwa ndi mawanga ofiira pa masamba.
Mavuto a Leaf
Ndi njira yolakwika yothirira, chinyezi sichikwanira, mapeto a masamba akhoza kuuma, kukhala wakuda. Kutayika kwa tsamba ndi mdima pamphepete kungakhale zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana ndi mavitamini, omwe ayenera kuthandizidwa makamaka ndi kuchotsa masamba omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuthandizira masamba onsewo ndi sopo kapena kulowetsedwa kwa peyala ya anyezi.
Mavuto ndi masamba
Maluwa ndi maluwa atsopano, mvula imakhala yowala kwambiri komanso sizingatheke. Mitengo yazitsamba siimatsutsana ndi zochitika zotere ndikugwa.
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti chomera sichitha pachimake konse.
Kuperewera kwa zakudya kumakhudza kukula kwa maluwa: adzakhala ochepa.
Chitetezo cha tizilombo
Kuteteza spathiphyllum ku tizirombo (tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude), zomera zimachiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Yankho la Garlic limagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala wamba..
Zomera zofanana
Maluwa ofanana ndi spathiphyllum ndi ena mwa omwe amaimira mabanja awo a aroid.
- Anthurium (amatchedwanso "mwamuna wachimwemwe", pawiri "chisangalalo chachikazi" - chithunzithunzi) - duwa lofanana ndi inflorescence ndi chophimba chofiira, nthawi zambiri buluu.
- Kala - duwa ndi inflorescence pa yaitali peduncle. Tsinde la chikasu la inflorescence la Kala limakhala loyera, kawirikawiri mu lilac, zofiirira komanso zakuda zakuda.
- Alokaziya - mofanana ndi masamba a spathiphyllum, sakhala pachimake pa zinthu zopangira. Alokaziya masamba ovalidwa ndi nsonga zowongoka ndi mitsempha yambiri.
- Caladium - chomera chokula m'chilengedwe ku South ndi Central America. Ili ndi masamba a maluwa ofiira, oyera, a pinki. Mapangidwe a mitsempha. Inflorescence ali ndi chifanizo choyera.
- Aspidistra - Chipinda chakale cha Russia. Dziko lakwawo ndi Japan ndi kum'mwera kwa China. Mofanana ndi spathiphyllum, ilibe tsinde, masamba ambiri amakula kuchokera muzu ndikupanga rosette yobiriwira. Kuti mukwaniritse maluwa a aspiristra kunyumba ndizosatheka.
Chifukwa cha maluwa osadziwika bwino, spathiphyllum imaonekera pakati pa zomera zambiri zamkati. Chiyambi ndi mbiri ya fyuluta yachilengedwe inapanga Spathiphyllum chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa zokongoletsa za kachitidwe kamene kamakono kameneka.
