Masamba a orchid ndi mizu amatembenuka wakuda: chifukwa chimachitika ndi momwe angapewere?

Mlimi aliyense amafuna kukhala ndi maluwa okongola, okongola, obiriwira. Koma kukula maluwa si kophweka.

Ichi ndi mtundu wosavuta kwambiri wa zomera, zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro china, mwinamwake orchid idzayamba kufota.

Kawirikawiri zomera zimakhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Ndipo duwa limayamba kutembenuka wakuda.

Kodi ndi chiyani ndipo zikuwoneka bwanji?

Kuda kwa masamba a orchid kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chilichonse chidzadalira pa chifukwa chomwe chinatsogolera ku boma. Tsamba limakhala lakuda kwathunthu kapena pang'ono. Zoonjezerapo zikuphatikizapo:

• Necrotic isintha pa tsamba lonse la masamba kapena gawo lake.
• Mawangawo ali ndi kukula kosiyana ndi mtundu (kuchokera ku bulauni mpaka kumvi).
• Mawanga mwamsanga amdima ndipo amakhala ndi madzi.
• Masamba akhoza kutembenukira wakuda pansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwa kwawo komweku.
• Pamwamba pa pepala ili ndi mdima wakuda, pamene ikutayika ndipo imamasuka.
• Pamwamba pa pepalayo ingakhale yofiira, ndipo kenako madontho wakuda akuwonekera pa iyo.
• Mitsinje yakuda ndi nsonga za masamba.
• Choyamba, madontho wakuda a kukula kwakukulu amaonekera, omwe pamapeto pake amafika pamalo amodzi.

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zonsezi zimaphatikizapo kukula kwa orchids komanso kusowa kwa maluwa. Choncho, nthawi zonse muyenera kuyang'ana chomera chanu chomwe mumachikonda ndipo ngati mukuyang'ana maluwa mwamsanga mukuyamba kuyambanso maluwa.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati masamba a orchid ali otentha ndipo amasonyeza zizindikiro za kuwonongeka, izi zikutanthauza kuti ndondomeko ya matendawa yayamba kale mizu ya mbewu. Choncho, pakali pano, m'pofunika kuyamba mankhwala ndi mahatchi a mahatchi.

Chizindikiro cha chiyani?

Monga lamulo Masamba amatembenukira wakuda maluwa okongoletsera chifukwa cha zolakwitsa. Koma ngati maluwa akuchita zonse malinga ndi malamulo, ndiye kuti matenda osiyanasiyana akhoza kukhala chifukwa.

Septoria

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Septoriaselenophomoides zimayambitsa matendawa. Choyamba, mdima wandiweyani amaonekera pamasamba, omwe amauma ndikusiya kumdima. M'kupita kwa nthawi, amasanduka chikasu ndikuphatikizana kukhala malo amodzi. Zitatha izi, masamba ayamba kugwa. Mitundu yambiri ya orchids imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa: Cymbidiums, Oncidiums, Cattleyas.

Spotting (wakuda kapena bakiteriya)

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi, chifukwa mdima wandiweyani kapena madontho wakuda amaonekera pamagulu (nthawi zina mizere). Matendawa amawoneka kuti akuwopsyeza ndipo amafalikira mofulumira. Choncho Masamba owonongeka amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, kotero kuti kachilomboka sikalowa mkati mwa mizu.

Mosaic

Ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, komwe ambiri amavutitsidwa ndi Cymbidia. Poyamba mdima wamdima umapezeka pamasamba, pamalo pomwe pangopangidwe dzenje. Makhalidwe a Mose amayamba kuwonongeka kwa maluwa. Zonyamulira ndi tizilombo.

Fusarium

Mankhwala opangira mankhwalawa ndi bowa la Fusarium. Choyamba, mabala a bululu amafiira pa pepala, ndiye masamba amayamba kuphulika ndi kutha. Matendawa amatha chifukwa cha chinyezi, hypothermia, kapena salinization.

Nchifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika?

Kuwonjezera pa matenda, zomwe zimachititsa kuti maluwa a maluwa azisintha kwambiri, kuchokera ku madzi osayenera komanso kutha kwa matenda. Masamba amatembenukira mwakuya kwathunthu kapena pang'ono chifukwa cha zolakwika mu chisamaliro kapena zolakwika zotsatirazi pakukhazikitsidwa kwa maluwa:

• Ngati chipinda chili chouma kapena, mosiyana, mpweya wamkuntho.
• Kusamba mobwerezabwereza kapena kawirikawiri komwe sikukugwirizana ndi nyengo yapadera.
• Ngati pali kutentha kwa mpweya, nthawi zambiri ndi +30 ndi apamwamba.
• Kutentha kotentha kumakhudzanso maluwa. Ikhoza kuwononga kutentha kuchokera ku +18 ndi pansipa.
• Ngati maluwawo anawonongeka ndi nkhupakupa. Kawirikawiri, n'zotheka kuzindikira kuti kuwonongeka kwa masambawo nthawi yomweyo.

Mukaika mphika wa orchids pafupi ndi chowotcha, zotsatira zake zikhoza kutentha. Mawanga otere pamasamba ndi ofiira kapena akuda ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu. Zikuwoneka ngati kutentha kumawotcha ngati kutentha kwa dzuwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mdima wokhala ndi chikasu chachikasu.

Zotsatira za maluwa

Ngati simukuletsa kuyimitsa orchid pachiyambi, ndiye kuti mbeuyo idzafa. Pakapita nthawi, mkhalidwe umenewu umayambitsa kuphulika kwa duwa. Madontho a mdima amafalikira pa maluwa okha ndi tsinde. Nanga bwanji ngati thunthu, mizu ndi masamba a duwa akuda? Ngati izi zikuchitika pakapita nthawi, matenda onsewa ndi opanda pake.

Zimene mungachite: malangizo ndi sitepe

Ngati madontho wakuda awoneka

Zikhoza kusonyeza kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, fungal kapena bakiteriya. Matenda ambiri ndiwo malo wakuda. Kuti muzisunga orchid, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi:

1. Kutulutsidwa kwa maluwa odwala.
2. Kuchotsedwa kwa malo oonongeka.
3. Kutsekula m'magawo a zigawo ndi njira yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
4. Processing zomera ndi yankho la fungicide kapena analogs.

Masamba ofiira kapena nsonga zawo

Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi cha masamba nthawi zambiri chimakhala chisamaliro cholakwika. Mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwazithunzi mu chipinda, mpweya wouma, kuledzera kapena kudyetsa feteleza mopweteka kumakhudza maluwa. Zosintha:

1. Kubwezeretsa kutentha kwabwino ndi chinyezi mu chipinda.
2. Masamba owonongeka ayenera kudulidwa.
3. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa orchid m'chipinda momwe mulibe zojambulajambula, koma pali mpweya wabwino.
4. Kuchepetsa feteleza mchere.

Mizu yakuda

Kawirikawiri mizu ya mlengalenga imadetsedwa. Ganizirani zomwe zimachitika mizu, chifukwa chithandizo chawo chidzadalira chifukwa cha mdima. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muzu ulipo ukuwotcha, ndiye kuti maluwa sakhalanso ochira. Ngati chifukwa chake chinali kuwonjezeka kwa mchere pansi, ndiye kuti orchidyi ingathandizidwe:

1. Maluwa amatsukidwa koyamba m'madzi kwa mphindi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
2. Zowononga malo muzu wazu zimachotsedwa.
3. Kudula komwe kunasinthidwa kusweka kwachitidwa khungu.
4. Ngati kuli kotheka, malo amalowa m'malo.

Pamene mankhwala a orchid akutha, amatha kukhala paokha kwa milungu iwiri.

Kuteteza kubwerera kwa matendawa

Pofuna kupewa matendawa kuti asabwererenso, njira zothandizira ziyenera kuwonedwa. Zimaphatikizapo mosamala za mbeu:

1. Gawo la mphika sayenera kutayika. Choncho, m'pofunikira kuyendetsa mpweya kutentha mu chipinda, musaike mphika pa ozizira zenera-sill ndikuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi sichikutha msanga.
2. Nthawi zambiri kuthirira madzi kumadalira kuunika kwa maluwa. Kuwala kumakhala kowala, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kuthirira ma orchid. Ambiri mwa maluwa amenewa ndi epiphytes. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mizu yawo ya mlengalenga imatha kutulutsa mlengalenga. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe madzi otsekemera mumphika, panalibe zida, koma nthawi zonse zimakhala zikuuluka.
3. Gawo losauka lapamwamba limatha kutsogolera ku imfa ya chomera, kotero muyenera kutsatira izi mwachisamaliro. Choncho, kupezeka kwa peat ndi thovu m'nthaka sikuyenera kukwera kuposa 20%. Apo ayi, pamene akuyesera kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mabakiteriya opindulitsa akhoza kufa nawo, popeza peat ndi polystyrene zambiri zimagwira ntchito mwachangu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti bwino chitetezo cha mbeu, sichidziwika kuti ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Ndipo zimapangidwira ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Ngati zikhalidwe zabwino kwambiri zimapangidwira kukula kwa orchid, ndiye kuti sadzaopa matendawa.