Aliyense kuyambira ali mwana amadziwa maluwa osadzikuza akukula pamabedi a mzinda. Tinkakondwera kumalo otsetsereka, ndipo m'dzanja lake munali nkhono zakuda, zofanana ndi singano. Izi - Tagetes, kapena, monga momwe zimatchulidwira, marigolds.
Mu nkhani yathu mudzaphunzira momwe mungamere maluwa kumunda, komanso kuti mudziwe bwino zithunzi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya marigolds.
Kodi maluwa awa ndi ati?
Sempasucuchitl - mawu awa odabwitsa akutchedwa maluwa awa kudziko lawo, ku Mexico. Kuchokera m'madera otentha ndi amphepete a dziko lino, chomeracho chinabwera pamodzi ndi ogonjetsa ku Spain, ndikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi. M'dziko lirilonse, Tagetes adawoneka okondedwa omwe adagwiritsa ntchito duwa ili osati kukongoletsa minda. Anapeza malo a zonunkhira pophika, mankhwala opangira mankhwala, mankhwala oteteza munda ndi mbewu zamaluwa. Werengani zambiri zokhudza mankhwala ndi zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito marigolds apa, ndipo kuchokera mu nkhaniyi mudzaphunzira za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu iyi mankhwala achipatala ndi kuphika.
Botanists amatchula chomera chokongoletsera ichi kwa banja la Astrov. M'madera akumidzi otentha ndi otentha, pali mitundu yosatha ya maluwa awa. M'madera athu, marigolds okonda kutentha amakhala nthawi imodzi yokha. Koma ngakhale nthawi yayifupiyi, mitundu yawo yosiyanasiyana, yamaluwa ndi yosavuta, imatha kukondweretsa mafani.
Kodi n'zotheka kukula kunja?
M'dziko lathu, marigolds amakula makamaka kunja kunja. Bzalidwa mu mbande ya May, imatsegula masambawa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June ndipo imakhala ikuphulika mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira. Kwa kukula kosatha Tagetes amafunika dzuwa lambiri, kuthirira bwino pamaso pa maluwa ndi nyengo yofunda.
Zizindikiro za kukula mu flowerbed
Marigolds ali ndi mwayi wopanda malire kuti apange maluwa onse, zogona kapena osakaniza. Mu sitolo, posankha thumba la mbewu, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chiwerengero cha hybrids za maluwa amenewa chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse.
Zomera zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, kukula kwa masamba, kukula ndi kukula kwa chitsamba. Kufufuza mosamala za malongosoledwe pa phukusi kumapereka chidziwitso pa ndondomeko ya flowerbed yomwe idzawoneka yowonjezera kwambiri.
Mitundu
Ogulitsira malonda otchuka nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zopempha kuchokera kwa makasitomala kuti aziwagulitsa mbewu za French, African or Mexico marigolds. Zina okonda florist amalota kuti agule kubzala zinthu za udzu zomera zowatseguka pansi - marigolds owongoka, owonda, atayidwa. Ngakhale zili zosiyana, tikukamba za mizere itatu yokolola zomera izi.
Maina a m'madera mwa mayina a mitundu - msonkho ku mbiri ya kugawa kwawo kuchokera ku continent mpaka continent. Mwachitsanzo, a Tagetes a ku France anaitanidwa atatengedwa kuchokera ku France kupita ku England ndi Aprotestanti omwe anathawa kuchoka ku Reformation. Ulendo wa Tunisia wa Habsburgs unachititsa kuti ku Ulaya anthu a ku Marigolds, omwe adachokera pansi pa dzina la African, adzike. Tanthauzo - Mexico, likuwonetseratu dziko lochokera.
Botanists amasiyanitsa mitundu itatu ya ma tags.
Olungama (African)
Kutalika kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 120, mamita a duwa ndi 15 cm, Mukhale ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yochokera ku zoyera mpaka kulemera kwalava lalanje.
Kukana (Chifalansa)
Mitambo yambiri, yotentha. Ali ndi dzina lawo, chifukwa cha mphukira zambiri zowonongeka zikukula kuchokera ku tsinde lalikulu. Kukula mpaka masentimita 60. Maluwa awo owala akhoza kukhala a monophonic, variegated komanso ngakhale mizere.
Mtengo Wabwino (Mexico)
Oimira achifundo kwambiri a banja lino. Sapling imodzi imasanduka otsika (mpaka 40 cm), mpira wa theka la mita, yokongoletsedwa ndi mazana ang'onoang'ono maluwa. Fungo la taggetev la Mexico limakumbutsa kukoma kwa mandimu. Izi zimawasiyanitsa ndi anzawo. Mtundu wa maluwa umasiyana ndi wofiira mpaka kuwala.
Kodi mungapange bwanji bedi la maluwa ndi manja anu?
Lamulo loyamba la maluwa a flowerbed ndi kusankha kosakaniza, zosavuta kusamalira zomera, izo zimamera pachilimwe chonse. Marigolds ndi petunias, omwe angabzalidwe mu flowerbed (monga momwe tingafunire nthawi ndi nthawi yodzalitsa marigolds, tafotokozedwa m'nkhani ino) kuti tikwaniritse zofunikirazi komanso momwe zingathere. Amagwirizanitsa kuti zikhale zofanana ndi zofunikira za kuwala, chinyezi ndi zakudya zamtundu.
Kuti mukhale ndi chikumbukiro chosaiwalika cha Letniki chodabwitsa, muyenera kuchita zochepa zosavuta:
- Ganizirani za lingaliro la bedi la maluwa pasadakhale. Ndibwino kuti muyambe kukopera pamapepala. Izi zidzatsimikizira nambala yofunikira ya zomera, mitundu yake ndi kutalika kwake.
Mwachitsanzo, malire a lemon marigolds amatsindika bwino mitundu ya violet spray petunia. Njira ina - wamtali, amtetete owongoka amatha kumera kumbuyo, kuthamanga pamwamba pa phokoso la petunia.
- Khalani mbande paokha kapena kugula mu sitolo yapadera. Pogula, munthu sayenera kumvetsera osati mtundu wokha komanso kukula kwa maluwa, komabe kuwerengera kutalika kwa zimayambira. Izi zidzatha kupezeka pamene zomera za dongosolo loyamba zikuzitsa lonse flowerbed.
- Sankhani malo ozizira kwambiri ndi kukonzekera pansi. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zidzaperekedwa poyambitsa humus-ufa mu kuchuluka kwa 10 kg / m2 ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Izi zidzakonza mmene nthaka ikuyendera ndikupereka zomera ndi zakudya zokwanira nyengo yonse ya maluwa.
- Imwani bedi lamtsogolo maluwa ndi kudzala zomera pamtunda wa masentimita 15-20.
- Dulani pansi ndi mulch kuchokera ku utuchi woumba.
Chenjerani! Petunias ndi zomera zopanda kuzizira kuposa marigolds. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakuwerengera nthawi yofika. Bweretsani chisanu kwa malemba akuwononga.
Chithunzi
Komanso mukhoza kudziwa ndi chithunzi cha bedi limene petunias ndi marigolds zimakula:
Zofunikira
Kwa maluwa okongola kwambiri omwe zomera izi zimafunikira:
- Malo amdima. Gawo lakumwera kapena kumadzulo kwa chiwembu ndiloperekedwa.
- Dothi lodzala bwino kwambiri.
- Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse, kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo.
- Kutentha kwa mpweya kuposa madigiri 10 Celsius. Pansi pa zizindikirozi, zomera zimamangirira, zimataya kukongoletsa ndi kufa pa chisanu choyamba.
Kulima ndi kusamalira
Amafunika chidwi kwambiri kwa achinyamata, osati kukula kwa zomera. Kubzala kumafunika kuchotsedwa namsongole, mpaka matalala a marigold asatseke ndi kutseka nthaka. Kuthira madzi nthawi zonse kumafunika nthawi isanakwane.
Ndi kangati kuti mumwe madzi a bwalo? Pakakhala mvula, nthawi yambiri yamadzi okwanira kuti ikule bwino ndikuphulika - tsiku lililonse 1-2. Pambuyo pake, ndikwanira kuthira madzi masiku anayi. Pankhani ya chilala chamasiku awiri, chomeracho chikhoza kufa. Tagetes silingalekerere madzi ochulukirapo ndipo akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi mizu yovunda.
Marigolds omwe anabzala m'nthaka ya zakudya amakula bwino popanda kudyetsa. Mu dothi losauka, mchenga, zomera zimatha kuthandizidwa ndi feteleza omwe amaloledwa kwa maluwa. Thumba lirilonse limapatsidwa malangizo omveka bwino othandizira (momwe mungadyetse maluwa maluwa ambiri, werengani pano). Fans of permaculture angagwiritse ntchito timatulutsiti a nettle, kuchepetsedwa mwa chiĊµerengero cha 1:10. Tizilombo timadutsa pambali ya marigolds. Iyi ndi mtsutso wina wotsutsa ulimi wawo.
Tsatanetsatane wa momwe mungamalire ndikusamalira marigolds, werengani pano komanso kuchokera m'nkhani ino muphunzire za momwe mukulima zomera.
Chenjezo ndi Malangizo
Marigolds ali ndi mphamvu zoteteza phytoncidal. Ndicho chifukwa chake wamaluwa mwachizolowezi amagwiritsa ntchito chomera kuteteza plantings ku tizirombo. Maluwa okongola ameneĊµa amatha kuwona pa kabichi mabedi, pafupi ndi strawberries, pakati pa mizere ya mbatata. Berry baka ndi okondwa ndi malowa.
Tagetes - mdani wa nsabwe za m'masamba, nematodes, whiteflies, zimbalangondo, Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndi fungal matenda a munda mbewu. Kulowera pansi kukumba mbali zouma za zomera izi zimachotsa nthaka.
Zomera zomwe sizilekerera kumbali ndi tagagetes - nyemba ndi mbewu zamtchire.
Marigolds amachititsa kuti anthu asamayende bwino m'maganizo awo. Kukhalitsa kachitsulo pamsewu kumachitika kuti asakhudze khungu la miyendo, akuyenderera pamtunda.
Marigolds - wokongola, wodzichepetsa zomera ndi nthawi yaitali maluwa. Maonekedwe atsopano, mitundu ndi zokometsera ndi zosangalatsa kwa okonza malo ndi eni munda. Kusangalatsa zokondweretsa pakuyankhulana ndi maluwa amenewa kumabweretsa chisangalalo ndikukula thanzi.
