Malangizo a kubzala osatha, zithunzi ndi mawonekedwe a kukula maluwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera

Verbena ndi chodabwitsa chomera chomera, chomwe, kuphatikizapo kukondweretsa diso ndi maonekedwe ake okongola, sichifuna chidwi chowonjezeka paokha mwa chisamaliro.

N'zotheka kukula pamtunda komanso pabwalo, kupanga mapangidwe apadera a nthambi.

Nkhaniyi idzayang'ana mwatsatanetsatane malamulo odzala ndi kusamalira.

Chomera ichi chosatha ndi chiyani?

Verbena ndi zomera zosatha zomwe zimalimidwa ku Russia monga chaka. Mu munda floriculture, hybrid verbena, yomwe kutalika kwake kufika pa masentimita 25, ndilofunikira kwambiri.

Maluwa a Verbena ndi ochepa, koma mtundu wawo uli wochuluka kwambiri:

• chofiira;
• woyera;
• pinki;
• mdima wabuluu.

Onsewo amapanga inflorescences ngati mawonekedwe. Kusiyana chikhalidwe chautali maluwa. Mukhoza kuona maluwa oyambirira mu theka lachiwiri la June, yomwe idzakondweretsani inu ndi iwo oyandikana nawo musanayambe chisanu.

Chenjerani! Pali mitundu yambiri yazitsulo, zomwe zimatha kupirira ngakhale chisanu.

Zofuna ku malo olima

Chidziwikiritso cha chikhalidwe ichi ndikuti chimakhala chovomerezeka mwakuya kulikonse m'munda. Iwo ali okonzeka kukongoletsa gawolo, lomwe liribe kanthu pambuyo pa maluwa oyambirira a kasupe.

Koma pali zifukwa zingapo, zomwe verbena zidzakwaniritsidwira ndipo zimakondweretsa aliyense ndi zokongola komanso zamaluwa. Izi zidzafuna:

1. Sankhani chiwembu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi dzuwa. Mitengo ndi masamba a chomera samatha ngakhale atakhala ndi dzuwa.
2. Koma nthaka, loam ndi yangwiro. Koma ichi si chofunikira. Chinthu chachikulu ndichoti nthaka imatha kusungunuka. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa ngakhale pa dothi lolemera. Muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga pansi.
3. Onetsetsani kusamalira madzi. Zokwanira za njerwa yosweka, miyala yosweka, dongo lakuda kapena mwala wopwanyika. Izi zitha kuteteza mizu ya verbena kuchokera ku zotsatira zovulaza kwambiri. Madzi adzalowerera mumtsinje, ndipo maulendo ake sadzakhalapo.

Kulowa malamulo a verbena

Mbewu

Poyera

Kudzala mbewu zachitsulo kuti zichite kumalo okonzedwa bwino. Ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa mamita 0.7. Fukani ndi nthaka ndikutsanulira madzi. Pakutha masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (14-14) mphukira zoyamba zimapangidwa. Ino ndi nthawi yopanga mchere wothirira madzi.

Kunyumba

Popeza kuti ndi bwino kukula pa khonde, Kubzala mbewu kumapangidwa malinga ndi ndondomeko yotsatirayi:

1. Yambani zokolola zokonzedwa bwino pamwambapa. Dothi liyenera kukhala lofewa ndi lomasuka. Mutha kuwaza mchenga.
2. Sungani gawolo, koma musadzaze. Kwa zolinga izi, yoyenera kutsitsira.
3. Dulani chidebecho ndi galasi kapena filimu kuti mupange wowonjezera kutentha.
4. Ngati palibe kalembedwe ka mbewuyi, ndiye kuti zidazo ziyikidwa m'firiji masiku 2-3. Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapansi, mbewu zimalimbikitsa, chifukwa cha mphukira zoyamba zimayambira kale, zimakula mofulumira komanso zimakhala pachimake kwambiri.
5. Mbande ziyenera kukhala pafupi ndi batiri. Kutentha pamaso kumera kuyenera kukhala madigiri 20-25.
6. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito atomizer. Musalole kuyanika kapena kudula kwambiri nthaka. Mukhoza kuona mphukira yoyamba mu masabata 1-3.
7. Tsopano mukhoza kuchotsa filimuyo, kusuntha chidebe kumalo abwino komanso owala.
8. Tengani mbande mu miphika kuti igwire pamene mbande zikukula mpaka masamba awiri enieni, ndipo kutalika kwake kufika pa 8-10 masentimita.

Mbande

1. Zomera zimabzalidwa m'zitsime, zomwe zili pamtunda wa masentimita 20. Ngati zamoyo zikukwawa, ndiye kuti mtunda uyenera kuwonjezeka mpaka 25-35 cm.
2. Pamene nthaka yowuma kwambiri, ndiye kuti mubzala aliyense kuti asinthe 1.5 malita a madzi.
3. Yembekezani mpaka atakonzedwa, kenaka muyike mizu ya mbeuyo mumtundu wa gruel.
4. Tsopano jambulani bedi louma ndi maluwa a maluwa ndi nthaka youma ndikukankhira nthaka mozungulira mbewu pang'ono.
5. M'mbuyomu 1-2 masabata mbewuyi imathiridwa bwino. Izi zimamuthandiza kuti azikhala mofulumira ndikuyamba kusamba.

Kodi izi zingatheke liti?

Ngati musankha njira yobzala, ndiye Mbeu zoti zibzalidwe mu chidebe chokonzekera ndi gawo lapansi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March. Pamene mukukula verbena kumadera akum'mwera, kubzala kumatha kutumizidwa pansi kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April-kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.

Chithunzi

Onaninso chithunzi cha momwe mbewu za verbena zimakula komanso momwe zimakhalira pansi.

Kusamba Zothandizira

Kotero kuti atatha kuika verbena mwamsanga, Ndikoyenera kutsatira malangizo ena:

• Pomwe mbeuyi idzabzala pamalo omasuka ndi njira ya mmera, ndiye kuti chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa m'chitsime pamodzi ndi nsalu yotchinga. Izi zidzalola kuti mizu ikhale mizu ndikuyamba mwakhama.
• Musati mulowe mu nthaka, yomwe ili yodzaza ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Izi zidzatsimikizira kuti chikhalidwe sichidzachulukana ndi kusamba.
• Mukadzala chomera mumthunzi, chidzatambasula, ndikupanga mtundu wobiriwira.

Verbena Care

Nthaka imamasula

Mutabzala, kusamalira, muyenera kumvetsera kumasula kwa dziko lapansi. Njirayi idzakuthandizani kukwaniritsa mizu ndi mpweya, motero, chitukuko chawo chikuchitika mwakhama. Kuwononga ndalama zowonjezera pambuyo kuthirira. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndi kofunikira kuthetsa nthawi yamsongole yomwe imatenga zakudya m'nthaka.

Kuthirira

Verbena amayankha bwino kuti asungunuke, koma musakhale achangu kwambiri. Sungani nthaka pafupi ndi tchire siuma kwambiri. Pa chitsamba chimodzi ayenera kupita pafupifupi 5 malita a madzi. Choposa zonse, iye anatetezedwa. Kuthirira kumakwanira 2-3 nthawi pa sabata.

Kupaka pamwamba

Kusangalala ndi fetereza sikuli koyenera. Pa nthawi yonse ya zomera, pangani chakudya 3-4 nthawi. Zamagetsi zimapereka nthawi 1 pa nyengo. Zakudya zamchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri 2-3.

Njira zoberekera

Mbewu

Kudyetsa kubzala zakuthupi kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March., pamene pang'onopang'ono mosalephera imakula. Sungani mbewu pamalo ozizira. Zabwino kwambiri pa friji iyi. Kwa mbande za vervainy, nyengo yautali yayitali ndi yowoneka.

Mbeu za Verbena siziri zochepa kwambiri, choncho sizingakhale zomveka kuzisakaniza ndi mchenga. Akanikeni mumabokosi omwe ali ndi nthaka yosasunthika. Pambuyo pophimba mbewu ndi dziko lapansi, komanso mphamvu ya filimuyi.

Pamene kukula mbande kuyenera kuchepetsedwa mu kuthirira. Apo ayi, zomera zimatha kupeza mwendo wakuda. Kusakaniza kwa mbande muzitsulo zosiyana kumachitika pambuyo 2-3 masamba enieni apangidwa.

Pambuyo pokolola bwino, pamene chomeracho chimakhala m'malo atsopano, muyenera kutsitsa pamwamba kuti apange mphukira. Ndiye tchire la verbena lidzakhala lakuda, ndipo lidzakula pachimake.

Cuttings

Njira yoperekera imeneyi ndi yoyenera kwa zomera zokhwima kale.

Thandizo! Ngati kuli kofunikira kusungira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsamba, ndiye kufalitsa kwa vegetative kudzayenerera bwino.

Pachifukwachi ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa zam'mwamba ndi zamkati zomwe zimatengedwa pakati pa mphukira.

Chomera chokonzekera cuttings mosavuta amapereka mizu mu kapu yamadzi masiku 10-15. Pambuyo popanga mapangidwe a mizu, a cuttings amaikidwa m'madzi okhala.

Matenda ndi mavuto

Ngati mutasamalira bwino mbeu, idzathetsa matenda. Pamene kwambiri nthaka chinyezi chingathe powdery mildew. Chifukwa cha chitukuko chake ndi bowa.

Zimakhudza zomera zobiriwira, zomwe zimachititsa kuti masambawo aziuma ndi kugwa. Kuchotsa masamba okhudzidwa, ndi chitsamba kukonza njira yapadera.

Komanso, kuthirira kwachitsamba kwa mbeu kudzachititsa kuti ipse. Izi zimasonyeza kuvunda kwa mizu, masamba ndi zimayambira. Ndikofunika kusiya kuthirira ndi kuchiza fungicides.

Verbena ingakhudzidwe ndi tizilombo monga makutu a migodi. Iwo amadya timapepala ndi kusokoneza kagayidwe ka maselo. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, ndi bwino kuperekera verbena ndi odana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zingagulidwe mu sitolo yapadera.

Kutsiliza

Verbena ndi chomera chomwe maluwa ake amadziwika ndi mndandanda wa mithunzi. Mwanjira iyi, mukhoza kupanga maluwa apaderadera pa bedi la maluwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pokhapokha muyenera kutsatira malamulo onse a teknoloji yaulimi. Tsopano mumadziwa zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti muzisamalidwe bwino ndikusamalira.

Kulima kuchokera ku mbewu, chisamaliro ndi kubzala pazithunzi: