Cherry ndi subgenus ya zomera za mtundu Wopera kuchokera ku banja Pinki. Pakalipano, obereketsa adachotsa zokolola zamatcheri ndi yamatcheri, omwe amadziwika ndi kukana chisanu ndi matenda, komanso kukula kwa zipatso. Yaikulu kwambiri yamatcheri ndi Chozizwitsa Cherry.
Mukudziwa? Yamchere oyambirira ochokera ku Asia Minor kupita ku Roma adayambitsidwa ndi Lucull yemwe anali woyang'anira komanso kapolo.
Msonkhano
Chiyukireniya zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana zopezeka chifukwa chowoloka Kiev-19 ndi Lyubskaya mitundu, wosakanizidwa wa chitumbuwa ndi lokoma chitumbuwa. Oyambitsa zosiyanasiyana ndi N.I. Turovtsev ndi V.A. Turovtseva. Katumbuwawa ali ndi zipatso zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika bwino. 
Mtengo wochepa kwambiri wokwera mamita 2, wokhala ndi korona wolimba kwambiri ndi nthambi zowononga. Zipatso za zipatso Zokometsera zazikulu, zowonongeka, zofiira zolemera pafupifupi 15 g zimakumana ndi pepala lochepa thupi, losalala, lochotsa mosavuta, ndi thupi lokometsetsa, ndi kukoma kokoma ndi sing'anga.
Zipatso zipse kumapeto kwa June, kuonekera pa nthambi za maluwa. Fruiting ya kumtengowo mitengo imapezeka 3-4 zaka mutabzala. Mu kukula kwa zipatso, izi zosiyanasiyana zimangokhala zazikulu zokhazokha za chitumbuwa.
Mitengo ya Cherry zosiyanasiyana. Msonkhanowu umadzitetezera pang'ono, mungu wochokera ku Minlin ndi Samsonovka. Mpaka makilogalamu 25 a zipatso akhoza kukolola ku mtengo wamkulu.
Ndikofunikira! Chipatso cha chitumbuwa chiri ndi organic acid, kufufuza zinthu ndi macronutrients ndi pectin zinthu.Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi chisanu ndi chisanu chokhalitsa, chikhoza kupirira mpaka -25 ° C. Palibe chiopsezo chotenga moniliasis ndi coccomycosis. Kukumana kwa Cherry kumatchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa chifukwa cha zipatso zapamwamba za zipatso, kukana matenda a fungal, ubwino wogwira ntchito.
Chomera chimakonda loamy kapena mchenga kumasula nthaka, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mtengo ukhale wabwino. Cherry ndi yofunikanso, kotero muyenera kusankha bwino ndi kukonzedwa m'malo.
Mutabzala, nthaka imayika, choncho muzu wa khosi uyenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka. Ndikofunika kuti muzitha kuzungulira mmera kuti muteteze madzi kuti asafalikire mopitirira malire a mdulidwe. Mutabzala kumafuna madzi okwanira kwa masiku 3-5, mulch nthaka ndi peat kapena humus.
Toyu
Mmodzi mwa mitundu ya yamatcheri akuluakulu. Mitundu yamphamvuyi, mtengo umafika mamita asanu ndi awiri, korona ndi yofiira komanso yozungulira, ikufalikira. 
Makungwawo ndi imvi pa thunthu ndi nthambi za mafupa ndi flakes pang'ono. Mbewu imakhala yofiira, yofiira komanso ngakhale mdima wambiri wobiriwira, mazira owoneka ngati mazira, oyera omwe alibe maluwa omwe amawoneka pa kukula kwa chaka chimodzi, amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences ya zidutswa zinayi, zipatso zimakhala zazikulu zofiira ndi khungu lofewa, fupa, lomwe limasiyanitsa mosavuta.
Thupi la chitumbuwa chamatope Chidolecho ndi chofiira kwambiri, ndipo kukoma kokoma ndi kowawa kumayambitsidwa ndi shuga wochepa. Mmera wophatikizidwa umayamba kubala zipatso m'chaka chachitatu. Zokolola za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zazikulu, pafupifupi makilogalamu 45-50.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira-yolimba komanso yopanda chilala, koma masamba ndi maluwa amakhala osatetezeka kuzizira. Kukana kwa matenda a fungus ndi okwera. Mitengo yabwino yoteteza mungu wosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya Wonder Cherry ndi Samsonovka kapena mitundu ya chitumbuwa Valery Chkalov.
Mukudziwa? Cherry anabwera ku Russia kupyolera mu Byzantium kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 13. Imodzi mwa mitundu yowonjezereka - Vladimirskaya akadalibe mawonekedwe a makolo a hybrids omwe analengedwa.Kuti chitukuko choyenera cha toyake chikhale choyenera ndi kofunikira onani njira zotsatirazi za ulimi. Malo oti afike - kumtunda, ndi kuwala kokwanira komanso kutuluka bwino kwa mpweya. Posankha mitundu yobala, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kuti chikhale bwino.
Akufunika moyenera kupanga korona, osaiwala kuti fruiting toy zosiyanasiyana amapezeka pa mphukira pachaka. Chikhalidwechi chimafuna madera a loamy dothi lokongola lomwe lili kutali ndi madzi. Dothi losakanizidwa ndi liming.
Kupanga ndi kupukuta korona, komanso kuchotsa nthambi zomwe zakhudzidwa zimadulidwa. Tetezani thunthu kuti lisamatenthe ndi dzuwa Mukhoza, kuziyeretsa kapena kuzikulunga mu pepala loyera.
Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu mizu kuvala kompositi yosanjikiza mpaka masentimita 10 ndikuchitidwa ndi peat. Cherry Toy samasowa madzi okwanira ambiri, pafupipafupi nthawi imodzi mpaka 9 zitsamba zimatsanulira pansi pa mtengo uliwonse pa maluwa, kucha kwa ovary, kumapeto kwa zokolola, pokonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Nthaŵi zambiri mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wozungulira mphepo umathandiza kumasula ndi kupalasa ndi mafoloko. Monga njira yowononga tizilombo, mbewuyo imachiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kuteteza motsutsana ndi makoswe, amangiriza thunthu ndi waya wophika.
Mlongo wamng'ono
Anapezedwa powoloka chitumbuwa ndi chitumbuwa. Zipatso zazikulu zopitirira 8 g za mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mtima ndipo samaphwa. Mitengo yamphamvu imayamba kubala chipatso m'chaka chachisanu, chaka chokolola chiri pafupifupi makilogalamu 50. 
Cherry zosiyanasiyana Mlongo ali wozizira kwambiri, akhoza kupirira kutentha mpaka -30 ° C. Ndiponso, yamatcheri sali pangozi ya coccomycosis, ndizosavuta kunyamula, zipatsozo zimasungidwa kutentha kutentha pafupifupi 20-22 ° C kwa milungu iwiri, komanso m'firiji zoposa mwezi.
Chipatso kucha kumapezeka kumapeto kwa June - oyambirira July. Zomwe zimapanga mungu wochokera kwa Mlongo zosiyanasiyana zimakhala Donchanka, Drogana wachikasu, Valeria, Annushka, Aelita.
Usiku
The Nochka zosiyanasiyana anabadwira ku Donetsk Experimental Station of Horticulture ndi breeder L. I. Taranenko ntchito njira anafuna ufulu pollination wa Nord Star yamatcheri ndi Valerian Chkalov chitumbuwa mitundu. 
Cherry Nochka ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: ali ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa chisanu ndi kukana matenda. Kutulutsa kumapeto kwa June, zipatso zimakhala zazikulu, zofiira, zakuda ndi zofiira zokoma, zolemera mpaka 7 g, zooneka ngati mtima, zofalikira pambali. Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zake - 70 makilogalamu.
Ndikofunikira! Mu mafupa a yamatcheri muli mafuta mafuta, zofunika mafuta ndi glycoside amygdalin, mu makungwa - tannins ndi coumarin.
Mdima wakuda
Zinyamazo zinafesedwa pamalo osungirako zamasamba a Rossoshansky oyesera zowona za A. Ya Voronchikhina chifukwa cha kudutsa mitundu Zhukovskaya ndi Consumer wakuda.
Mtengowo uli ndi sing'anga kapena mphamvu yochepa, sichidutsa mamita 3-4 m'litali, korona ndi yopiringiza kapena pyramidal. Pa thunthu, makungwawo ndi ofiira-akuda, mumitengo yaing'ono imakhala ndi mdima wandiweyani, ndi mphodza zowononga. 
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mphukira yeniyeni, yaitali internodes, poyamba bulauni-wobiriwira, kupeza siliva yamtengo wapatali; tsamba la masamba lokhala ndi mawonekedwe oundana, pamwamba pa mdima wobiriwira, pansi - wobiriwira wobiriwira; petioles mpaka 2 cm kutalika, m'malo mwake, wandiweyani, wamkulu, maluwa ambirimbiri a mthunzi wamchere, nthawi zambiri maluwa atatu mu inflorescence.
Zipatso zazing'ono zazikulu, masekeli 6 g, mthunzi wa khungu ndi wakuda, mnofu ndi mdima wonyezimira, ndi mitsempha yoyera, yofewa, kukoma kumakoma mokoma ndi kowawa. Cherry Black ndi chipatso chachikulu, chodzibala chokha, pofotokozera mitundu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimanenedwa kuti zabwino zokhala ndi mungu chifukwa cha izo ndi mitundu ya Kent ndi Griot Ostgeymsky.
Zipatso zikumera kumayambiriro kwa July, fruiting ya mitengo imayamba m'chaka chachitatu mutabzala, zokololazo ndizokulu - mpaka makilogalamu 30. Kulephera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kungakhale chifukwa cha kukhumudwa kwake ndi coccomycosis ndi moniliosis, ngati kunagwa mvula pa nthawi ya maluwa, kuyenera kwake - chisanu kukana -32 ... -34 ° ndipamwamba kwambiri.
Podbelskaya
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana idalumikizidwa ndi Koch m'ma 90s a XIX atumwi ku Germany mwa kudutsa zosiyanasiyana Griot Ostheims ndi Lotovaya.
Mtengo wamphamvuwu, womwe umakhala wamtali wa mamita asanu, umakhala wozungulira, wokhala ndi korona wonyezimira. Mu cherry Podbelskoy akuwombera - kukula, masamba - lalikulu ndi emerald wobiriwira, matte. Maluwa a chitumbuwa cha Podbelskaya ndi aakulu, opangidwa ndi msuzi, omwe amapanga 4 m'munsi mwa inflorescence, ndi kuzungulira pambali. 
Zipatso ndi zazikulu, zofiira zakuda, zofiira, zofiira zamtundu wofiira, zokoma zokometsetsa komanso madzi ofiira kwambiri. Zomera zowonjezereka zimayamba m'chaka chachinai mutabzala, kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola zimachedwa. Oyambirira-osakanizidwa kusakaniza pakatikati pa mwezi wa June.
Popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yopanda pathupi, yabwino kwambiri yoyambitsa mungu ndiyoyambirira ya Chingerezi, Anadol. Zotsatira za zosiyana ndi pafupifupi 50-70 makilogalamu. Zosiyanasiyana sizisiyana m'nyengo yozizira hardiness, m'nyengo yozizira kubala masamba nthawi zambiri amaundana, m'chaka maluwa ndi masamba akuvutika.
Kukana kwa matenda a fungal ndi kutentha kutentha - sing'anga. Madera akum'mwera ndi nyengo yozizira ndi yabwino kwa izi zosiyanasiyana, mu nyengo zozizira zidzakhala zowawa ndi kuzizira. Mwa chikhalidwe chake, zosiyanasiyana ndi pentaploid bwino kukoma makhalidwe a mchere ndi luso zolinga. Cherry wokoma kwambiri, ichi ndicho chachikulu cha zosiyanasiyana.
Chozizwitsa chitumbuwa
Zozizwitsa Zosiyanasiyana Cherry ali ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa zipatso (mpaka 10 g), yomwe ndi 1.5 nthawi kuposa iliyonse yamtengo wapatali yamatcheri, ndipamwamba palatability. Mitengoyi imakhala yofiira, yofewa, yosavuta komanso yosavuta yogawanika, imayang'ana kwambiri ngati chitumbuwa chokoma, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma komanso kowawasa. 
Cherry Miracle Cherry ali ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi: Amakhala ndi matenda aakulu, amaletsa chilala, kutentha ndi kutentha. Pakati pa maluwa, Mirage, Raisin, Totem ndi Epic ndi yabwino kwambiri mungu wochokera ku yamatcheri. Koma sichiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mungu wochokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Drogana yachikasu, Wosakanikirana ndi Valery Chkalov.
Dessert Morozova
Anachoka ku mbewu ya Vladimirskaya chitumbuwa chosiyanasiyana V. Morozova. Mtengo wokwera pakati ndi korona wofiira wamaluwa wambiri. Zipatso makamaka pa kukula kwa chaka. 
Maluwa osiyanasiyana Morozova ali ndi mdima wobiriwira, ovate, masamba osakanikirana, masamba obiriwira, masamba obiriwira, maluwa ofiira oyera, ofiira obiriwira omwe amalemera pafupifupi 5 g ndi phesi yaitali komanso pafupifupi mafupa, ofewetsa thupi ndi mchere okoma kukoma, kucha m'zaka khumi zachiwiri za June.
Chikhalidwe cha mtundu wa chitumbuwa ichi ndi fruiting ya zipatso zazikulu. Iyamba kubala chipatso m'chaka chachitatu, zokolola zili pafupifupi 50 c / ha. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yachonde, yopangidwa ndi mungu ndi Griot Ostheim, Vladimir, Wophunzira. Zimafalitsidwa ndi zobiriwira za cuttings. Kudulira kumaphatikizapo kufupikitsa nthambi zopanda kanthu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yozizira-yolimba, yosavomerezeka kwa chilala, osati pangozi yotenga coccomycosis.
Mitambo ya mphepo
Anapezedwa chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwaufulu kwa mitundu zosiyanasiyana Novodvorskaya ndi obereketsa Syubarova ndi Sulimova. Mu mayesero a boma kuyambira 2004 
Wamphamvu mtengo ndi sing'anga pyramidal korona. Mitundu ya mtundu wa Wyanok imadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri, omwe amamera (mpaka 4 g).
Amayambitsa fructification m'chaka chachitatu mutabzala, zipatso zipse kumapeto kwa June. Mitundu yambiri Vianok ndi yokhazikika, yokwanira (13 t / ha), kusagwedezeka kwa chisanu, imasonyeza kusakaniza koccomycosis ndi moniliosis.
Minx
Bred Breeders Turovtsev ku Institute of Irrigated Horticulture iwo. M. Sidorenko mwa kudutsa mitundu Samsonovka ndi Kievskaya-19.
Mtengo wa Shalunya ndi waukulu kwambiri, wokhala ndi korona wandiweyani, makungwa ofiira-bulauni omwe amawonekera pamtengo, mphukira zowonongeka ndi mphutsi zakuda zambiri. Masamba a Cherry ndi osakanikirana, kukula kwake, obovate, wowala wobiriwira, wokongola ndi wofiira. Fruiting - pa nthambi zamaluwa ndi kukula kwa chaka chimodzi. 
Cranberries Berry ndi mdima wofiira, pafupifupi wakuda, ndi mawanga osabisala ndi khungu lofiira lomwe lingathe kuchotsedwa mosavuta, lalikulu, limodzi, lolemera kufika 6 g ndi tsinde pafupifupi 43 mm. Mnofu ndi mbozi, kukoma kwa yamatcheri ndi okoma ndi otsitsimula, fupa ndi laling'ono komanso laulere. Zipatso zipsa pa kutentha kwakukulu pa 20th June.
The Minx Cherry ndi wodzipereka chonde, pollinating ake mitundu Chernokorka, Samsonovka, Vinka. Fruiting ikuyamba zaka 3 mutabzala. Kawirikawiri zokolola ndi 40 makilogalamu pamtengo. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yamtengo wapatali kuti imane matenda a fungal, chilala ndi kutentha (zingathe kupirira mpaka -25 ° C).
