Dziko lakwala la camellia basamu ndi India, South China ndi Malaysia. Ku Russia, mwamsanga anagonjetsa chikondi cha amayi ambiri, omwe anamutcha dzina lake. Mwachitsanzo, amatchedwa "yonyowa" chifukwa ndi madzi okwanira ambiri kapena mvula isanayambe, madontho a shuga amaoneka ngati masamba ake.
Makhalidwe, kufotokoza
Camellia mabalsamines ali zomera zolunjika pyramidal. Mitengo yawo ndi yowirira, yowutsa mudyo, yosalala ndi yotuluka, yodzazidwa ndi madzi. Kukula kwawo kungakhale fikirani 50 cm Masamba ndi ofewa, toothed, yaitali. Maluwa a basamu amapezeka m'matumba awo - okongola, owala komanso okongola. Zitha kukhala zoyera, lilac, zofiirira, koma mithunzi yofiira (zofiira, pinki ndi zina), zomwe zimafanana ndi magetsi a moto, ndizofala kwambiri. Mkati mwake, ndi ochepa (pafupifupi masentimita 4), koma nthawi yomweyo amaoneka ofunika kwambiri.
Kusamalira balsamic Camellia
Tikufika
Camellia basamu amamva bwino monga miphika ya maluwa pazenera-sills ndi zipinda za nyumba, ndi pamtundam'minda ndi m'mapaki. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri m'mizinda yokongoletsera: camellia basamu amapezeka m'mapaki, mumaluwa a flowerbeds, m'mapopu a pakhomo pazipata za nyumba. Imafesedwa miphika ya maluwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa February kapena mwezi wa March, idabzala pansi mu April, pamene palibe mantha a chisanu kubwerera.
Akamera amadzimadzi a mchere m'miphika angathenso kutulutsidwa m'munda kapena pakhomo la kasupe ndi chilimwe. Sankhani iwo kuti afunire malo otetezedwa ku mphepo, chifukwa zofooka zimayamba mosavuta.
Apa, ndi kuwala kochepa, zomera zidzaphuka mpaka chisanu. Koma samakonda kutentha, Choncho, nkofunika kubwereranso kunyumba nthawi.
Ground
Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mbande zikhoza kuikidwa pansi, kumalo osatha. Kutaya mtima kumakonda mapapu achonde nthaka pH 6. Ikhoza kukhala peat ndi mchenga mofanana. Komanso, gawo lapansi likhoza kukhala ndi masamba ndi sod, nthaka ndi mchenga.
Poto
Mphamvu yobzala camellia basamu ayenera kukhala malinga ndi mizu yake. Ndibwino kuti musabzalitse maluwa awa m'mitsuko yambiri: nthaka yosagwidwa ndi mizu imatha kuuma komanso kuvulaza mizu ya mbewu. Wokwanira m'mimba mwake mphika wa basamu - 15-20 masentimita.
Kamera la Belamlia la Basamu
Kusindikiza Basamu - ndondomeko ya pachaka. Kawirikawiri mabalsam amaikidwa mu kasupe, koma mungathe kuchita mu chilimwe. Mphika watsopano ukhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe aliwonse, koma amakhulupirira kuti mabalsam, omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri, amakula kwambiri kuposa ena. Choncho, musayambe kuziika zomera muchitetezo chachikulu: kuyesa kudzaza ndi mizu, Balsamu sangapeze mphamvu komanso maluwa.
Kuthirira
Spring ndi chilimwe kuthirira ayenera khalani ochuluka. Ndikofunika kuti uchite izo patangotha masiku angapo pambuyo pake.
Musalole kuti kuyanika kwambiri, kuopseza kugwa kwa masamba.
Madzi a m'madzi adzasokoneza. Madzi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kupatulidwa ndi kutentha momwe tingathere kutentha kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa, koma atsatireni nthawi zonse. Chifukwa ngati duwalo limasowa chinyezi, masamba ake ayamba kutha.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Pa kutentha kwakukulu (madigiri 22) chinyezi cha camellia balsamu zilibe kanthu. Koma panthawi yotentha mbewuyo imasowa kupopera mbewu ndi madzi okhazikika.
Kutentha kwa kutentha
M'chilimwe, balsamu yamaluwa imamva bwino kutentha kulikonse. Koma salekerera chisanu cha chisanu, kotero mu kugwa kwa wamaluwa amasindikiza munda wa balsams mu miphika ndi kupita nawo ku chipinda cha wintering.
Camellia basamu amakhulupirira kutentha kumene kuli m'chilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira, amasankha madigiri 12-16 kutentha Koma kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha kungamuvulaze kwambiri.
Maseŵera a kuwala
Camellia Basamu sakufuna, koma sakonda zovuta. Iye ali omasuka komanso pazenera za kumpoto, komanso m'mabedi owala. Mabala a balsams amamveka bwino m'mawindo akummawa ndi kumadzulo, komanso pakati pa mawindo awiri m'chipinda chachikulu chowala. Koma ndibwino kuti muteteze maluwa onse a kunja ndi a maluwa kuchokera kumalo osungunuka - sikulekerera dzuwa lotentha.
Zima
Asanafike chisanu, alimi ena amakumba mitundu ya basamamu yomwe amaikonda pansi ndikubzala m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti ubwino wa makopi amenewo ukhale wabwino kumafuna kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuunikira bwino, kuti n'zotheka kupereka nyali yapadera.
Nyumba zotchedwa balsams, zomwe zimazoloŵera kumudzi, zimakhala zomasuka pa 12-16 digiri Celsius. Pa nthawi ino ya chaka, iwo akupitiriza kukula, kotero kuthirira, ngakhale kuti kuchepetsedwa, kumafunikanso.
Kudulira
M'nyengo yozizira balsamu monga lamulo zowonjezereka ndi mphukira. Hafu ya iwo imadulidwa m'chaka. Ngati mukufunikira kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a mphukira, nsonga iyenera kuchotsedwa pa mphukira. Chifukwa cha ichi, njira zatsopano zidzakhalira mwakhama, ndipo pamene zidzakhala zowonjezereka, zidzakhala bwino kwambiri. Pakati pa chaka kudula kungatheke ngati kuli koyenera, mwachitsanzo, kupatulira.
Maluwa
Basamamu pachimake amatha miyezi 6-8, kuyambira kasupe mpaka chisanu. Nthawi zina zimatha kumera chaka chonse. Chifukwa cha ku England camellia basamu ankatchedwa "Olimba Lizzy".
Feteleza
Balsam camellia imayenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi pakatha masabata awiri kuyambira kasupe mpaka autumn. Kuti muchite izi, kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kapena theka la mlingo wa zosakaniza zovuta. M'nyengo yozizira, mungagwiritse ntchito ofooka njira ya mchere feteleza.
Chiwerengero cha kukula
Camellia basamu imakula mofulumira. Liwiro likudalira machitidwe ndi chisamaliro.
Lifespan
Mitundu yosiyana ya mitundu ya moyo imasiyana. Pakati pa munda wamamera a balsamine muli ma specimens a pachaka. Mitengo ya mkati mwachisamaliro choyenera zaka zambiri zidzasangalala awo enieni obiriwira komanso othawa maluwa.
Njira zoberekera basamu
Ambiri a balsam anabwera wakula kuchokera ku mbewu. Ndipo amafuna kuti azichita yekha: pakumukhudza pang'ono, zipatso zowonongeka zimatha ndipo mbewu zimabalalika kumbali zonse. Chifukwa cha ichi adatchulidwa "osakhudzidwa" ndi "jumper."
Kufesa mbewu kumayambira kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Mbewu imayenera kukhala ndi mphindi zochepa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate, youma ndiyeno yofesedwa mu nthaka yonyowa. Muyenera kukumba mu grooves panonso 5 cm chakuya, kenako mwaphatikize mgwalangwa. Ndiye amafunika kuphimba ndi filimu yoonekera ndikuyika malo abwino, koma osati dzuwa. Kutentha ndi kofunika kuti kumera + Madigiri 20-25. Kuwombera kumafuna kuti pang'onopang'ono chizoloŵezi cha mlengalenga chichoke, ndikuchotseratu ku filimuyi. Pamene mphukira imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 1, iyenera kuikidwa chizindikiro. Zomera ndi zokolola zimabzalidwa pansi kumapeto kwa May.
Njira yothetsera kumtengako. Chomera chachikulu chiyenera kutetezedwa ku kuwala ndikudikirira kuti mphukira zake ziwoneke. Amayenera kudula ndi lumo lakuthwa kapena mpeni wakuthwa bwino ndikuika mu chidebe ndi madzi oyera kuti masamba apansi asakhudze madzi ndipo asawononge. Mu sabata, tizidulidwe tidzakhala ndi mizu ndipo tidzakhala okonzeka kubzala m'madzi osiyanasiyana. Awatengereni ku malo osatha mu April.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwambiri kamene kamamera basamu, uyu ndi mbozi ya kangaude.
Zikuwoneka chifukwa cha kutentha kouma (kawirikawiri chifukwa cha izi ndi kuyandikira kwa mbewu ku zipangizo zotentha). Masamba ndi pinki ndi madontho.
Pochotsani nkhuku, komanso whiteflies ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mutha kuthandiza ndi mankhwala, zingathandizenso adyo kulowetsa, kusakaniza masamba ndi mowa kapena kutsuka mbewu yonse ndi sopo.
Pakati pa matenda omwe amapezeka mu camellia balsamine - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowola ndi matenda a fungal. Grey kuvunda pa maluwa angawoneke chifukwa cha chinyezi chochuluka kapena kutentha kwakukulu. Mizu yovunda chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala, kuzizira kapena kupitirira chinyezi. Pofuna kuthetsa vutolo, mungathe kusintha mosavuta zikhalidwe za basamu. Pamene zowola zikuwonekera, mukufunika kufalitsa maluwa kuchokera ku nthaka yakuda kuti ikhale yatsopano, nthaka yosakhwima, poyeretsa mizu kale.
Ziribe kanthu dzina lotchedwa camellia basamu livala, khalidwe lake limakhala lokongola komanso lodzichepetsa. Zidzakhala zokongoletsera kunyumba ndi m'munda.
Chithunzi
Kenaka mungathe kuona chithunzi cha Basamu Camellia
- M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa nkhani zomwe zingakhale zosangalatsa kwa inu:
- Mitundu ya Basamu:
- Balsam Waller
- Balsam Novogvineysky
- Berryam Terry
- Balsamu Wamaluwa
- Kusamalira Balsamine:
- Matenda ndi tizirombo Balsamu
- Kubereka Basamu
- Balsamu Maluwa
- Balsamu yoyenda bwino
