Kugwirizana kwa kukoma ndi chisangalalo cha moyo: Monarch mphesa

Posakhalitsa pakati pa wamaluwawo chiŵerengero cha iwo omwe akugwira ntchito yolima mphesa kumbuyo kwawo akhala akukula mosalekeza.

Masiku ano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yololera, yozizira, yolimba komanso yosavuta kwambiri ya mbewu imeneyi yakhala ikuphulika, ndipo imodzi mwa mapale a vinyo wamasiku ano ndi Mfumu, yomwe imatchedwanso Pavlovsky, polemekeza Mlengi wake.

Ndi mtundu wanji?

Izi zosiyanasiyana ndi za zoyera kudya Mitengo ya mphesa yomwe imapangidwira mofulumira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imasiyanitsa ndi khungu lake lofewa, lofewa, lomwe silingamveke pamene tikudya nyama yowutsa mudyo komanso yonyeketsa.

Mitundu yoyera ikuphatikizapo Lancelot, Bianca, Delight White.

Kuwonjezera apo, mphesa iyi imakulolani kuti mupeze vinyo wabwino wa tebulo ndi tartness yokoma, wodzazidwa ndi zipatso ndi mabulosi ndi zolembera zokopa mu kukoma ndi kununkhiza.

Mphesa yamphesa: kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana

• Mpesa.

Mphesa wamfumu ndi mwamphamvu chomera chikufika kutalika 250 - 300 masentimita ndipo amakhala ndi mphukira zazifupi mpaka 120 mpaka 135 cm.

• Mabungwe.

Mphukira yazing'ono imapachikidwa ndi masango akuluakulu komanso okongola a mawonekedwe a conical kapena cylindrical conical mawonekedwe, osakanikirana, kulemera kwa 0,5 mpaka 1 makilogalamu, palibe chizoloŵezi cha pea.

• Zipatso.

Zipatsozi zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri, zowombeka kapena ovoid, zolemera 36x26 mm, zolemera mpaka 15 - 19 mag., koma ena a iwo amafika ndi 32 gr. Mtundu wawo uli wobiriwira poyamba, koma pamene umatuluka umakhala wonyezimira-wachikasu, nthawi zina ndi zofiira zofiira kuchokera kumbali ya dzuwa. Mbeu zazing'ono - zidutswa zokha 2-3.

Chithunzi

Maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe a Mbuye wamphesa akhoza kuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi pansipa:

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Iye amaoneka ngati ali ndi luso lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. E.G. Pavlovsky Kuchokera ku Krasnodar Territory, yomwe ili pakati pa zaka zapitazi, adachita zowonongeka za mitundu yatsopano ya mphesa zogonjetsa komanso zosagwira.

Njira yopezera "Mfumu" inali ndi magawo awiri. Poyamba, makasitiniwa anali opangidwa ndi mungu wochokera ku mitundu ina ya mphesa. Kenaka zotsatira za kuwoloka kumeneku zinaperekedwa ndi Chinyontho chosiyanasiyana (Kesha).

E.G. Pavlovsky Iye ndi mlembi wa mitundu yoposa makumi asanu ya mitundu yamtundu wosakanizidwa, monga Mfumu, Ayut Pavlovsky, Super Extra. Pogwira ntchito yake, adadziwa njira zonse zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popangira tchire lalikulu komanso mbande zing'onozing'ono.

Panthawiyi, Evgeny Pavlovsky akupanga mawonekedwe atsopano. Pansi pa dongosolo limakula mphesa zoposa zikwi ziwiri. Ntchito zake sizidziwika kokha ku Russia ndi maiko a CIS, komanso kunja.

Zizindikiro

Mitundu yambiri "Mfumu" imasiyanitsidwa ndi makhalidwe ofunikira kwambiri, omwe adalandira ulemu pakati pa ogulitsa vinyo.

Ubwino

• Mphamvu yopulumuka monga pamene rooting ikuwombera, ndi pamene alumikiza pa katundu.
• Frost kukana.. Chomeracho, chitetezedwa bwino m'nyengo yozizira, chingathe kupirira dontho la kutentha kwa - 23-25 ​​ºї.
• Kukoma kwabwino. Mnofu wonyezimira, wokoma ndi wokoma wokoma ndi wosunkhira wa muscat sungasiye aliyense wosasamala.
• Zokolola zazikulu. Chifukwa cha zipatso zazikulu zofanana ndi msinkhu wochuluka wambiri, muzaka zabwino mungapeze oposa 7 kg mphesa.
• Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga ku matenda akuluakulu a mphesa ndi tizirombo, kuphatikizapo mildew, imvi zowola ndi oidium.
• Nthawi yakucha.

  Mphesa yamphesa ndi ya mtundu wa mphesa yamtundu wa mphesa ndi nthawi yoyamba yakucha: osapitirira masiku 130 amatha kuchoka pa masamba mpaka kukwanira zipatso. Komanso, ngati kum'mwera kwa dziko lathu zipatso za zipatso zabwino zatuluka kale zaka khumi za August, ndiye zikuchitika pakatikati pa September.

• Kuyenda bwino kwambiri. Mpesa wakucha ndi wolimba kwambiri, zipatso zimagwirana bwino kwambiri ndi kutsogolo ndikupirira kayendetsedwe kopanda mavuto, popanda kutaya zowonjezera.

Mitundu yomwe imayambanso kuchapa ikuphatikizapo: Buffalo, Lancelot ndi Farao.

Kuipa

Mwina chokhacho ndicho kuzindikira kukhetsa mazira.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngakhale kuti kulimbana kwakukulu kwa matenda ambiri omwe ali ndi mphesa, pali mavuto okhawo omwe ali okhaokha.

1. Anthracnose.

   Chifukwa cha matendawa ndi bowa. Gloeosporium ampellinum. Sacc. Choyambirira, zimakhudza masamba, omwe amaoneka ngati imvi, akukula kukula ndi kutsogolera masamba.

   Mpesa ukhoza kuwonongeka: choyamba, mawanga a brownish amapanga pa iyo, yomwe potsiriza imalowa mkatikati mwa tsinde. Pang'onopang'ono, zilondazo zimakhala ndi mthunzi wakuda wa khofi wokhala ndi nsalu yofiira pamphepete mwake, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mpesa woipa.

   Pakati pa matendawa, zipatsozo zimakhudzidwa, zomwe zimawonongeka, kuphulika kwa khungu lawo kumathyoka, ziphuphu zowonongeka zikuwoneka, ndikuwonetsa mbewu.

   Samalani! Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda owopsya, chitetezo chake chiyenera kuchitika pa zomera.

   Monga njira yowonetsera, zotsatira zabwino zimawonetsedwa ndi mankhwala monga "Bordeaux madzi", "Horus" ndi "Ridomil".

   Matenda a fungicidal amachitika m'mawa ndi madzulo popanda mphepo. Komanso, musalole kuti vutoli likhale labwino pa mbewu zapafupi.

   Ngati matendawa achitika, ndiye kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera, makamaka "Mikosan" ndi "Gaupsin"zomwe zimathandizira pa kukula kwa mpesa. Zopindulitsa komanso zamkuwa zamadzimadzi: "Cartocide", "Abiga Peak" ndi "Poliram". Mankhwalawa amachitika pofikira mphukira zazing'ono za 10-15 masentimita kutalika.

2. Phylloxera.

   Wothandizira matendawa ndi aphid wobiriwira wobiriwira, osadziwika ndi mawonekedwe oyang'ana. Pali mtundu wa mizu ndi tsamba (gallic) mawonekedwe.

   Pofuna kuthana ndi kale, mitundu yambiri ya fumigants imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale kuti njirayi siidagwiritsidwe ntchito posachedwapa, chifukwa imayambitsa chiwonongeko cha chitsamba.

   Samalani! Monga njira yachilengedwe yogwiritsira ntchito phylloxera mu kulima mphesa ntchito dothi la mchenga kuti nsabwe za m'masamba zisamakukondeni. Pa dothi ngatilo, mitundu yonse ya mphesa ya ku Ulaya imakula bwino, ngakhale ngati zomera zikulima pakati pa kufalikira kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

   Pofuna kuthetseratu mawonekedwe a tsamba, tulutsani mbali yomwe ili pamwambapa. "Aktellikom", Zolon, "Confidor", Mitacom ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo. Kafukufuku amachitika nthawi zitatu: nthawi yoyamba pamene masamba 1 - 2 amawoneka pa mphukira, yachiwiri - ngati pali 12 - 14, ndi yachitatu - ndi masamba 18 - 22.



3. Mbalame

   Pakukolola kwa masango a zomera, mbalame zimakhala alendo ku munda wamphesa kuti azidya zipatso zowutsa mudyo. Kuteteza motsutsana ndi mbalame, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zozizira ndi zowala zimapachikidwa: matepi ojambula makaseti, ma CD, zidole zowala kwambiri, makamaka ndi zotsatira zowala, koma pakapita nthawi mphamvu zawo zimachepa.

   Njira yodalirika kwambiri ndi mawotchi, kutanthawuza kudzipatula kwa maburashi a mphesa ndi mapuloteni a polypropylene ndi selo yaing'ono. Posachedwapa, anthu owopsyeza mawu akufika mu mafashoni, mwachitsanzo, "Kite-8" ndi VK-20.

Zambiri za matenda a mphesa monga chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella ndi kansa ya bakiteriya, mukhoza kuwerenga muzipangizo za pa tsamba lathu.

Pamwamba mikhalidwe yamtundu, kukana tizirombo ndi matenda, chisanu kukana komanso kulima kolima kophweka kunapangitsa kuti mitundu ya Mitengo ikhale yamtengo wapatali m'munda wa aliyense wolima masewera.

Mitundu yopanda chisanu ikuphatikizapo Super Extra, Arched ndi Kukongola kwa Kumpoto.