Zipatso za mphesa Zest ndi zokongola, choyamba, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake oyambirira ndi kukoma kokoma. Komabe, kulima ndi kusamalira izo ndi kovuta kwambiri.
Kuti mupeze zokolola zoyamba muyenera kuyesetsa mwakhama komanso nthawi. Oyamba alima wamaluwa kuti azikula izi zosiyanasiyana pa tsamba ndizovuta kwambiri. Koma ngati mukufuna - n'zotheka.
Kodi ndi a mtundu wanji?
Mphesa Yam'mwamba ndi mphesa yoyamba kucha mphesa zofiira. Zosiyana zake zimakhala zooneka bwino komanso zofiira za zipatso. Zinyama sizitha kuzizira ndipo zimakula kumwera kumadera kapena greenhouses.
Crimson, Gala ndi Zabava amakhalanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tebulo.
Mphesa Zest: mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana
Zoumba - mitundu yayitali. Mphesa imakula pafupifupi pafupifupi kutalika kwake konse. Pamene mukudulira m'dzinja, musasiye masamba oposa 40-45 pa chitsamba. Mpesa ndi bwino kutchera masamba 10-11.
Isabella, Zolemba za Mfiti ndi Zozizwitsa Zowonongeka zimasiyanitsidwa ndi tchire lawo.
Maluwa ndi azimayi ndipo amafuna kupaka mafuta. Zokonza mungu zimayenera kukula pafupi: mitundu yonse ya mphesa ndi mtundu wa maluwa wamwamuna. Zest yonyozeka ndi yabwino.
Masango ang'onoang'ono, olemera magalamu 500, osakanikirana, osakhala ndi peyala. Pa mphukira imodzi muyenera kusiya gulu limodzi lokha.
Zipatsozi ndi zazikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 10-15 magalamu, oblong, kwambiri elongated, imodzi-dimensional, saturated maroon mtundu. Mnofu ndi wokoma, wandiweyani, wamalala. Khungu ndi lolemera, koma silidya pamene likudya.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa "Kukwera":
Mbiri yobereka
Zest zosiyana pa Ukrainian Grape Institute "Magarach" ndi posachedwapa. Anapezedwa mwa kudutsa mitundu ya Chaush ndi Cardinal, ndipo ali ndi dzina lachiwiri XVII-241.
Chofunika kwambiri pa izi zosiyanasiyana chimatchedwa mwadzidzidzi. Zipatso zake zimakhala ndi katundu wodabwitsa: ngati simukuzichotsa kuthengo kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiye kuti sizingapitirire, sizowola, koma zimafota ndikusanduka zoumba pamunda.
Zomera zoumba, Karmakod, Korinka Zachiroma ndi Kishmishi Centenary ndizoyeneranso.
Mitundu imeneyi yadziwika ku Moldova, Ukraine ndi kum'mwera kwa Russia. Zimalimbikitsidwa kukula mu nyengo yozizira komanso ndi malo obvomerezeka m'nyengo yozizira.
Malangizo osamalira
Zest silingadzitamande chifukwa cha zokolola zambiri komanso nyengo yozizira yolimba. Mungathe kupirira dontho mu t -12-18С. Zomerazi zimayamba kubala mochedwa, zaka 3-4 mutabzala, ndi zokhazokha.
Musanayambe kutentha m'nyengo yachisanu, ndibwino kuchoka pamtunda waukulu wa mphukira. Patapita nthawi, zomera zimapeza mphamvu zokwanira ndikuyamba kubereka zipatso.
Zaka zochepa zoyambirira zokolola zidzakhala zochepa, pafupifupi makilogalamu 2-3 pa chitsamba. Pakapita nthawi, imatha kuwonjezeka mpaka 7-8 makilogalamu. Ndikofunikira kuti musamalire mosamala izi zosiyanasiyana komanso panthawi yopanga chithandizo choletsa matenda ndi tizirombo.
Ngati mukufunafuna zosiyana, tcherani khutu ku Mphatso ya Magarach, Chikumbutso cha Kherson wokhala Mchilimwe ndi Memory of Dombkovska.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mbali ina ya Raisin ndi yomwe imadwala matenda. Nthawi zambiri amadabwa:
- mtundu;
- khansa ya bakiteriya;
- imvi zowola;
- oidium;
- chiwonetsero;
- escoriosis.
Zitha kuwonetsedwa ndi tizirombo:
- mphesa;
- kangaude;
- phylloxera
Mildew Zosiyanasiyanazi ndi chimodzi mwa zoyamba kukhudza.
Ngati matendawa achitika, ndiye kuti mphukira zakhudzana ndi masamba ndipo amachotsedwa ndi kupopedwa ndi fungicides. Ichi ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri komanso owopsa kwa mphesa. Iwo akhoza kuwononga kwathunthu osati zokolola, koma lonse munda wamphesa.
Khansa ya bakiteriya kuwonetseredwa m'malo owonongeka ku mpesa kapena mphukira mwa mawonekedwe a kukula kwakukulu. Chimachitika kuchokera ku matenda omwe amabweretsedwa ku bala. Pakapita nthawi, mphukira zonse pamwambapa zikufa, zomwe zingayambitse imfa.
Pa nthawi yoyamba ya nthendayi, kukula kumatha kuchotsedwa ndipo bala limagwidwa ndi kukonzekera kwake. Ngati matendawa ayamba kale, muyenera kuchotsa ndi kuthetsa chitsambacho. Kubzala mphesa pa tsamba ili ndizotheka kokha pambuyo pa zaka zitatu.
Grey kuvunda inapezanso pa Zest nthawi zambiri. Zimakhudza inflorescences ndi zipatso. Polimbana ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera soda. Mitengo yowonongeka yomweyo imatha kuwononga.
Oidium amapezeka pa kalasiyi mocheperapo. Pachifukwa ichi, chithandizo cha panthawi yake cha munda wamphesa ndi ufa kapena ndi madzi amadzimadzi a sulfure chingathandize. Zitha kuchitidwa onse kuchipatala komanso kupewa oidium.
Anthracnose amaoneka ngati mdima pa masamba. Pakapita nthawi, mawangawo amawonekera pa mphukira ndi zipatso ndipo, kukula, kungathe kuwononga chitsamba chonse. Pofuna kupeŵa matenda osasangalatsa, nkofunika kuti manyowa awonongeke nthawi zonse, kukonza masamba ndi yankho la manganese kapena Bordeaux osakaniza ndi kusungunula nthaka nthawi.
Escoriosis kapena mdima wakuda ukudziwonetsera ngati mawanga wakuda pa mphukira ndi masamba. Imeneyi ndi matenda owopsa omwe angathe kuwononga munda wamphesa. Mbali zonse zokhudzana ndi chitsamba zimachotsedwa, ndipo zimaperekedwa ndi kukonzekera kwakapadera.
Tizilombo tomwe timapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mbalame zamphesa ndi akangaude zimakhala zosavuta kuzizindikira kumayambiriro, chifukwa cha maonekedwe a mazira ndi masamba amdima. Kulimbana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Monga kupewa, mungagwiritse ntchito kupopera mankhwala a dandelion kapena adyo.
Phylloxera amapezeka mobwerezabwereza. Pamene mizu phylloxera ikuwonekera, chithandizo sichingathandize. Gulu lonse limadulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Mapepala phylloxera akhoza kusungidwa mwa kuchiza munda wamphesa ndi zina kukonzekera.
Mitundu ya mphesa Zest sichimangokhala kukoma kokha, komanso maonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Komabe, kuti muzisangalala ndi makhalidwe onse a zosiyanasiyana, muyenera kuyesetsa mwakhama.
Zina mwa mitundu yokongola ayenera kumvetsera kwa Romeo, Chocolate kapena Tayfi.
