Aeschinanthus ndi chomera chokongoletsera kuchokera ku banja la Gesneriaceae. Kuchokera ku chilankhulo chachi Greek, dzinalo limamasulira kuti "duwa lokhota", lomwe limalongosoleredwa ndi asymmetric, lopindika kolala. Zomera zakunyumba ndiye malo otentha aku South Asia (India, Vietnam). Chimamveka bwino m'malo mchipinda. Zomera ndizosowa komanso zachilendo, chifukwa chake zidzakhala zokongoletsera zabwino m'chipindacho. Mphukira zake zosinthika zitha kukhazikitsidwa ngati chitsamba kapena kuloledwa kugwa momasuka kuchokera kuphika. Popeza ndaphunzira malamulo ochepa osavuta, ndizosavuta kukwaniritsa kukula ndi maluwa ophuka kuchokera ku eshinanthus.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Aeschinanthus ndi wobiriwira wosatha. Ojambula maluwa amachitcha kuti maluwa ndi maluwa okongoletsera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pakati pa maluwa, masamba owala okhala ndi mawonekedwe owala samakopa chidwi chake. Mu chilengedwe, eshinanthus ndi mbewu ya epiphytic. Amakhala pamitengo yamitengo ikuluikulu komanso mbendera, koma samadyetsa chakudya chawo.
Mitengo yosinthika ndikuzungulira mitengo ndi nthambi zazikulu, ngati mpesa. Kutalika kwa tsinde la nyumba ndi masentimita 30-90. Tinthu tating'ono, tating'ono timabzikidwa, ndipo timitanda timakutidwa ndi masamba osapindika okhala ndi petioles lalifupi. Masamba amtundu wamtunduwu amakhala owongoka bwino m'mphepete mwake komanso kumapeto kwake. Amapaka utoto wowala ndipo nthawi zina amaphimbidwa ndi penti. Kutalika kwa pepala kumafika pamasamba 10cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 3-4 cm.
Malekezero a mphukira nthawi yamaluwa amakutidwa ndi maudzu apamwamba omwe amatengedwa m'mabisiketi otayirira. Masamba amtundu wa machubu apamwamba chifukwa cha brgundy mabatani amafanana ndi machubu a milomo. Nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha izi, chomerachi chimatchedwa "lipstick" ("lipstick"). Pansi pa chubu ndi utoto wachikasu, ndipo kiyuni wofiirira amakhala pamphepete mwa miyala. Thumba loyang'ana mazira oyera oyera limatuluka pakatikati pa duwa l maluwa.
Mitundu ya Eschinanthus
Mitundu ya eschinanthus ndi yosiyanasiyana. Mulinso mitundu 200 ya mbewu. Komabe, osapitilira 15 a iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe.
Aeschinanthus marble (thunthu lalitali). Chomera chokhala ndi masamba okongoletsera chimapachika mphukira zosinthika kuchokera mumphika. Pamodzi pafupi ndi mnzake ndi ma infode. Masamba obiriwira amdima ena ali ndi utoto wokongola. Mphezi zosafunikira zimakokedwa kuchokera mkatikati mpaka m'mphepete. Kumbuyo kulijambulidwa mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni. Maluwa amtunduwu sakhala okongola. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ngakhale titatsegulidwa, timakhala ndi utoto wobiriwira.
Aeschinanthus ndiwokongola (wokongola). Chimodzi mwazomera zotchuka kwambiri pakati pa olimitsa maluwa chimakhala ndi mphukira zosinthika zokutidwa ndi masamba akuda a monophonic. Kutalika kwa tsamba ndi m'mphepete mwake ndi 10 cm. Zimayambira mpaka 50 cm kutalika pansi. Kumapeto kumapeto kwa nthawi yamaluwa, maluwa ochulukirapo a maluwa 9-12 amatulutsa maluwa. Mitambo yofewa yofewa imamera kuchokera ku chubu chopyapyala.
Aeschinantus Twister. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Amawoneka kuti amaphimbidwa ndi phula. Udzu, ngati mphukira, uli ndi mawonekedwe osongoka ndipo amafanana ndi ma curls. M'matamba a masamba, maluwa ofiira ofiira otuwa.
Aeschinantus Mona Lisa. Nthanga zosinthika zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi mawonekedwe onyezimira. Mitsempha yotchuka yapakati imawaonekera. Pa maluwa, masamba owala a maluwa ofiira ofiira otuwa amaphulika. Zosiyanasiyana zimawonedwa ngati zopanda pake.
Aeschinantus Lobba. Mphukira zazitali zosinthika zimapakidwa utoto wofiirira komanso wokutidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a ovoid. Pansi pamunsi pa pepalalo ndizopepuka (zobiriwira zopepuka). M'mphepete mwa zowonjezera, manja owonda a maluwa obiriwira ofiira ofiira, omwe amawoneka ngati burandi lamtambo la bracts ophatikizika, lotseguka.
Kuswana
Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumafuna kuyesetsa kwakukulu ndi malo obiriwira, motero sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni ndi omwe amalima maluwa wamba. Kukula eschinanthus kuchokera ku mbewu, zofesedwa pamchenga wonyowa wamchenga komanso wokutidwa ndi filimu. Malo obiriwira amasungidwa m'malo abwino, otentha (+ 23 ... + 25 ° C). Asanatuluke, galasi silimachotsedwa, ndipo kuthirira kumachitika kudzera mu thireyi. Zikamera zowonda zikawoneka, zimathandizidwa nthawi zonse, koma osathamangira kuchotsa kwathunthu. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3 osokoneza bongo, galasi la wowonjezera kutentha limatha kuchotsedwa. Mbeu zachikulire zimakhazikika m'bokosi lina ndi mtunda wa 3-5 masentimita pakati pa mbewu kapena m'miphika yaying'ono yazidutswa zingapo.
Kunyumba, eshinanthus nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa ndi njira zamasamba. Pa nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe, kudula kuchokera kumtunda kwa mphukira kumatha kudulidwa. Ayenera kukhala ndi 1-2 osatheka. Gawo lotsikirako limathandizidwa ndi chowonjezera chowongolera ndipo nthawi yomweyo zibzalidwe m'miphika yaying'ono ndi sphagnum, mchenga ndi peat. Zidutsazo zimaphimbidwa ndi chipewa chowoneka bwino ndipo chimasungidwa pa kutentha pafupifupi + 25 ° C. Mizu ikawoneka ndipo mmera utasinthika, malo ogona amachotsedwa ndipo chomera nkuziika mumphika watsopano wokhala ndi duwa la maluwa akuluakulu. Momwemonso, eshinanthus imafalikira ndi masamba amodzi. Amadulidwa pafupi ndi mphukira.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kuti eschinanthus ikule komanso kutuluka bwino panyumba, zomwe zili patsamba ziyenera kuyandikira pafupi ndi malo okhala zachilengedwe. M'makomo akumatauni, zovuta zimakhalapo pakusunga chinyezi komanso kutentha.
Mukangogula, duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuti lisinthidwe ndi kuchoka. Poto wosaya pakati ndi maenje okuya amasankhidwira. Kusakaniza kwa dothi kumakhala ndi izi:
- pepala la pepala;
- mkulu peat;
- mchenga;
- sphagnum moss;
- makala;
- CHIKWANGWANI cha coconut.
Ntchito yonse yobzala imachitika makamaka nthawi ya masika. Pambuyo pa njirayi, mmera umafunikira shading yaying'ono komanso chinyezi chambiri.
Kuwala Zomera zimakonda kuwala kowala, kosakanikirana. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri makamaka chifukwa cha marble eschinanthus. Kuwala kwamadzulo pamasamba sikovomerezeka. Dzuwa limayaka kudzera pakhungu loonda kwambiri ndipo limayaka.
Kutentha Kutentha kokwanira kwa mtengowo ndi + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Chomera chimafuna mpweya wabwino wokhazikika, koma osasiyidwa pakayikidwa. Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha sikuvomerezanso. Chifukwa chake, chilimwe, chifukwa cha kuzizira usiku, duwa silitulutsidwa mumsewu. Kuti mukwaniritse maluwa, ndikofunikira kumamupatsa nthawi yopuma. Kuti muchite izi, mu February, kwa miyezi 1-1.5, eskhinantus amasungidwa kutentha kwa + 13 ... + 14 ° C ndikuwunikira bwino.
Chinyezi. Chinyezi chachikulu ndicho chinsinsi chakukula bwino kwazomera zotentha, chifukwa chake eskhinantus amathiridwa mankhwala nthawi zonse ndikuwatsuka.
Kuthirira. Nthaka yomwe ili mumphika siyenera kupukuta ndi gawo lachitatu. Nthawi zambiri mbewu zimamwetsedwa 1-2 pa sabata. Madzi owonjezera ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera pachakudya. Madzi amayenera kutsukidwa ndikusamalidwa bwino firiji.
Feteleza. Kuyambira pa Meyi mpaka Seputembala, eskhinantus amadyetsedwa nthawi 1-2 pamwezi ndi yankho la feteleza wa mchere pazomera zamaluwa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa panthaka patali ndi zimayambira.
Kudulira. M'nyengo yozizira, makamaka ikakhala yotentha komanso yopanda kuwala, mphukira zimawululidwa ndikutambasuka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kudulira kumachitika mchaka. Ndi iye, ndibwino kudikira mpaka maluwa atha. Chotsani gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a masamba, masamba owuma ndi owonda kwambiri. Koma ngakhale kudulira sikungasunge eskhinantus kwamuyaya. Kamodzi pa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, duwa limapangidwanso.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Ngakhale kukonda kwanyontho ndi kuthirira, munthu ayenera kuzindikira muyezo, apo ayi eschinanthus adzakhudzidwa ndi imvi kapena zowola mizu. Tizirombo tofala kwambiri ndi mealybug, thrips ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Amatha kufalikira kuchokera pansi nthawi yodzala. Kuthandizira tizirombo toyambitsa matenda kumathandizira kuthetsa majeremusi mwachangu.
