Snowdrop (Galantus) - chomera cha herbaceous cha Amaryllis banja, mtundu wa udzu wosatha (m'chilengedwe muli mitundu pafupifupi 20, ambiri mwa iwo amakula ku Caucasus ndi Asia).
Koma pali mitundu ingati ya udzu wa chisanu lero, akatswiri a sayansi sangakhoze kunena, chifukwa ali ndi malingaliro angapo pa nkhaniyi. Komabe, onse amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero cha mitundu ya zomera chiposa 18. Mitundu yambiri yamapiri a chisanu ndi ofanana kwambiri ndipo imakhala yofanana, ndipo imalandira maina awo kuchokera kumalo okula kapena kulemekeza anthu omwe anapeza ndi kufufuza.
Mazira a snowdrops ndi amodzi mwa maluwa oyambirira omwe amatha pang'onopang'ono chivundikiro cha chisanu chikutha, ndipo anthu ambiri amatha kuzindikira mosavuta zithunzi zawo, koma kwa iwo omwe sadziwa bwino zitsamba za chipale chofewa, timapereka mwachidule ndondomeko ndi mitundu ya mitundu yambiri ya zomera.
Pamene adakondwera ndi maluŵa osalimba, anthu ochepa sanadzifunse kuti ndi mitundu yanji ya chipale chofewa chomwe chili m'buku lofiira, ngakhale kuti kwenikweni, pafupifupi onse, kupatulapo chipale chofewa cha chipale chofewa, amadziwika mmenemo. Mitundu yonse imatha kuopsezedwa, chifukwa imapezeka kuthengo kokha m'madera ena osawerengeka, ndi kudula mitengo, kuwonongeka kwa nthaka m'nthaka zawo, kuipitsa chilengedwe komanso kukumba mababu awo akulima kunyumba kungakhudze kutha. chomera chotero ngati chisanu.
Kodi chipale chofewa chimawoneka ngati cha mtundu uliwonse wa zamoyo zomwe tidzanena tsopano, ndipo zithunzi zomwe zili pamunsiyi ziwonetseratu kukongola kwa zomera zabwinozi.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti "chisanu" amatanthauza "maluwa a mkaka".
Snowdrop alpine
Chipale chofewa cha Alpine (Galanthus alpinus) - herbaceous bulbous chomera, kutalika kwa babu ndi 25-35 mm, ndi m'mimba mwake - 15-20 mm. Masamba otsekemera amdima wofiira, mpaka masentimita 7, ngakhale amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 20 mutapita maluwa. Mbali ya peduncle imatha kutalika kwa 7-9 masentimita, masamba omwe ali pafupi ndi maluwa ndi obovate, pang'ono concave, mpaka 20 mm m'lifupi, mkati - osachepera theka, mawonekedwe a mphete, ndi phokoso lozunguliridwa ndi malo obiriwira.
Chomera chimayamba kuphuka zaka 4 mutabzala. Amamera kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira-kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi maluwa oyera, pamapeto pake, chipatso chimakhala ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono. Kubereka ndi kotheka ndi njira ya mbeu komanso njira ya vegetative - mothandizidwa ndi mababu-omwe amapangidwa mu chomera chachikulu. Dziko lakwawo lachipale chofewa ndilopansi ndi lapafupi, komanso Western Transcaucasia. 
Dothi la chisanu cha Byzantine
Chipale chofewa cha Byzantine (Galanthus byzantinus) limakula pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Asia ya Bosphorus. Amakonda kukula alimi a maluwa kumayiko a kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, ngakhale kuti m'dziko lathu lino mitunduyi siinayambe yafala. Akukonda malo omasuka. Chipale chofewa cha Byzantine - mitundu yochepetsedwa kwambiri.
Nthaŵi ya maluwa yake imagwa m'dzinja: choyamba, mchenga wobiriwira umapezeka pamunsi mwa masamba a mkati a perianth. Maonekedwe a chisanu ndi chachilendo: maluwa oyera omwe ali ndi mapaundi ambiri. Masamba ndi obiriwira, opapatiza, pafupifupi 5-6 cm kutalika, owongoka. 
Chipale chofewa cha Caucasian
Chipale chofewa cha ku Caucasus (Galanthus caucasicus) - chomera chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira owala omwe amawoneka wobiriwira, kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 25. Babu lamtundu, mpaka mamita 40 mm kutalika, ndi mamita 25 mm. Kutalika kwa 6-10 masentimita masentimita kumatulutsa maluwa oyera onunkhira okhala ndi kutalika kwa 20-25 mm ndi mamita pafupifupi 15 mm.
Zigawo zaperian mkati zimakhala zobiriwira pang'ono. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa March ndipo amatha masiku 12-15. Fruiting ndi yopanda phokoso, ndipo malo ogona amafunika kuti nyengo yachisanu ifike. Malo otentha otchedwa Caucasian amakhala ochuluka ku Central Caucasus.
Ndikofunikira! Mababu a chipale chofewa ndi owopsya, motero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi oteteza pamene mukulitsa chomera ichi.
Snowdrop Bortkiewicz
Mphepo ya chisanu cha Bortkevich (Galanthus bortkewitschianus) imakula kumtunda ku North Caucasus, kukonda minda ya beech. Dzina lake limatchulidwa kulemekeza dendrologist Bortkiewicz.
Babu la mbewuyi ndi pafupifupi 30-40 mm kutalika, ndi lalikulu la 20-30 mm. Masamba a chipale chofewa ndi mtundu wonyezimira wobiriwira, wokhala ndi bluish, lanceolate, panthawi ya maluwa kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 4-6, koma pambuyo pake, amakula mpaka 25-30 masentimita m'litali ndi 2 cm m'lifupi. Peduncle imakula pafupifupi 5-6 masentimita wamtali ndi mapiko ndi 3-4 masentimita pedicel. Maluwa a chisanu cha Bortkiewicz amatha kufotokozedwa ndi malongosoledwe otsatirawa: masamba akunja a perianth ndi concave, mawonekedwe a mbuyo, mamita 15 mm ndi 8-10 mm kupindika, ndi mtundu wobiriwira kuzungulira phokosolo. 
Snowdrop Krasnova
Krasnov snowdrop (G. krasnovii) limakula pa Gombe la Black Sea la Caucasus ndi Turkey, limakonda beech, hornbeam ndi nkhalango zosakanikirana. Maluwawo amatchedwa dzina lake A. Krasnov.
Babu la chomera ndi 20-35 mm kutalika, 20-25 mm mwake, ndipo tsamba lobiriwira panthawi yamaluwa limatha kutalika kwa masentimita 11-17 ndi kupitirira 2 cm; kumapeto kwa maluwa, masamba amakula kufika masentimita 25. Masentimita 15, ndi mapiko aatali mpaka masentimita 4, osakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wobiriwira. Masamba akunja a perianths ndi pang'ono concave, 2-3 masentimita m'litali, ndipo pafupifupi 1 masentimita m'kati mwake, mkati mwake amatha kupota, ndi mapeto okwera 10-15 masentimita ndi pafupifupi 5 mm kutalika. Maluwa amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Chipale chofewa choyera cha chipale
Chipale chofewa chofewa (Galanthus nivalis) chofala kwambiri m'dziko lathu, chikukula mofulumira, kufalikira kumadera akuluakulu. Bulbu - yaying'ono, yokhala ndi mamita 10-20 mm. Masamba ndi okongola, obiriwira obiriwira, pafupifupi masentimita 10, ndipo mapesi amaluwa amakula mpaka masentimita 12. Maluwawo ndi aakulu kwambiri, mpaka mamita 30 mm mwake, ndipo ali ndi tsamba lobiriwira pamphepete mwa tsamba la perianth. Kunja kwa perianth kumachoka pakati, mkati mkati mwafupipafupi kwambiri, mofanana.
Chipale chofewa cha chipale chofewa chimaundana kuposa mitundu ina, ndipo nyengo yamaluwa imatha masiku 25-30. Mitundu imeneyi ili ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu. Kuberekera kumachitika ngati zomera, ndipo mbeu, kudzibala kumatheka. 
Snowdrop broadleaf
Broadleaf chisanu (Galanthus plathyphyllus) ali ndi babu wamkulu mpaka mamita 5, kutalika kumene masamba amakula, amtundu wobiriwira, mpaka utali wa masentimita 16. Kutalika kwakukulu (mpaka 20 masentimita) kumapanga duwa lalikulu loyera ngati belu, maonekedwe akunja omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a ellipse ndipo amavala mwachifupi ndi omaliza mkati. Palibe zowonjezera pazitsamba, koma pali malo owoneka bwino.
Maluwa otentha otentha kwambiri kumapeto kwa kasupe kwa masiku 18-21. Zipatso sizinapangidwe, chomeracho chimawonjezeka ndi njira ya vegetative. Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka pansi pa mapiri a Alpine, omwe ndi abwino kuti tizitha kukula m'nthaka yachonde yomwe ili ndi malo okwanira.
Mukudziwa? Zinadziwika kuti nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha imatalikitsa nthawi ya mvula yachisanu m'nyengo yamasika.
Zowonongeka ndi matalala
Malo oundana a chisanu (G. plicatus) ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri ya maluwa a chisanu. Kutchire, imakula m'mapiri a Ukraine, Romania ndi Moldova.
Babu la mbewuyi ndi lofanana ndi dzira, mpaka 30 mm m'mimba mwake, lokhala ndi miyeso ya kuwala. Masamba ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi bluish, koma pakutha kwa maluwa mtundu wawo umakhala wobiriwira. Peduncle imakula mpaka 20-25 masentimita, ndipo pamtundu umodzi ndi onunkhira, maluwa othamanga, 25-30 mm kutalika ndi 40 mm m'mimba mwake, zomwe kenako zimapereka chipatso chabokosi ndi mbewu.
Maluwa amayamba mu March ndipo amatha masiku pafupifupi 20. Kubalana - mbewu ndi bulbous. Chomera chofewa chimakula kwambiri pa chiwembu chozungulira, mpaka zomera 25 pa 1m², zomwe zikufalikira zimapanga bedi lokongola la maluwa.
Chisanu cha chisanu cha Cilician
Mphepo ya chisanu cha Cilician (G. Silicicus) limakula m'mapiri a mapiri a Asia Minor ndi Transcaucasia. Anyezi - wooneka ngati mphete, mamita 15-23 mm kutalika, ndipo ndi mamita 20 mm. Masamba ofanana ndi matte wobiriwira, amakula mpaka masentimita 15 m'litali ndi 1.5 cm m'lifupi. Peduncle 14-16 masentimita yaitali ndi phiko la masentimita atatu. Masamba akunja a perianths ali 19-22 mm kutalika, amodzi ndi ovalo, akugunda pansi pamunsi, mkati mwake amatha kupitirira, mpaka 10 mm kutalika, amakhala ndi maganizo a pamtunda ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa amapezeka pakati pa kasupe. 
Malo a chisanu a Corfu
Mphepo ya snowfrop ya Corfuranus (G. corcyrensis Stern) - amachokera ku malo a kukula kwake - chilumba cha Corfu, amapezeka ku Sicily. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa autumn, ndipo mbali yomwe imakhala yosaoneka ndi yozizira kwambiri, ndi yooneka ngati masamba ndi maluwa. Mitundu imeneyi ndi yaying'ono, yomwe imakhala ndi maluwa aakulu mpaka 25-30 mm ndipo imakhala ndi mamita 30-40 mm. Mitengo yamkati ili ndi mtundu wobiriwira wa mtundu wobiriwira.
Snowdrop Elweza
Elweza snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii) mpaka mamita 25 masentimita pamwamba, amakula kumadera a kum'maŵa kwa Ulaya, kumene amalimidwa. Kutaya mpaka 30mm kupindika, mthunzi wa buluu. Maluwa - ozungulira aakulu, kutalika kwake kufika 5 cm, zonunkhira kwambiri. Masamba a mkati a perianth amadziwika ndi mawanga obiriwira. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira ndipo amatha masiku 30.
Snowdrop ya Foster
Snowdrop ya Foster dzina lake likulemekeza dzina la Mkwolera M. Foster. Chipale chofewa cha zamoyozi chikukula kumadera akumadzulo kwa Asia, koma kulima maluwa kumachitika m'mayiko a kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. Maluwa amayamba kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ndikukhala masiku 15.
Masambawa ndi opapatiza, amtunduwu, mpaka masentimita 14, pomwe peduncle imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Maluwawo ndi ofanana kukula. Masamba akunja a m'magulu a perianth ndi amtunduwu, omwe ali ndi mabala obiriwira pafupi ndi kuvutika maganizo pamunsi, komanso pamwamba pa tsamba la mkati.
Greek snowdrop
Greek snowdrop (Galanthus graecus) limakula m'mapiri a Girisi, Romania ndi Bulgaria.
Babu la chomeracho ndi oblong, mpaka 15 mm kutalika ndi 10 mm m'mimba mwake. Masamba ndi obiriwira, mpaka masentimita asanu ndi atatu, ndipo mpaka 8 mm m'kati mwake, mbale ya pepala ya wavy. Peduncle imakula mpaka 8-9 masentimita, mapiko ake ali pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Masamba oponyera akunja a perianth amafikira 25 mm m'litali, mkati mwawo amakhala ochepa kawiri.
Maluwa amayamba mu April ndipo amatha masiku 15. Kubalana - vegetative.
Ndikofunikira! Mababu a chipale chofewa amafunika kuthamanga mwamsanga mkati mwa maola 12-18 atatha kukumba, chifukwa amauma mofulumira ndi kufa pansi.
Ikari snowdrop
Ikaria snowdrop (Baker Galanthus ikariae) limakula pamtunda wa zilumba za Greece. M'dziko lathu, osati kulima kunja.
Babu ndi 20-30 mm kutalika ndi 15-25 mm m'mimba mwake, masamba ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, amakhala ndi masentimita 9 musanayambe maluwa ndikukula mpaka masentimita 20 pambuyo pake. Paguncle imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 22, mapiko - 2.5-4 masentimita. Magulu akunja a perianth zigawo ndi concave, lanceolate, mpaka 25 mm kutalika. Masamba a mkati amakhala oboola pakati, mpaka 12 mm kutalika, ali ndi malo obiriwira omwe ali ndi theka la tsamba. Maluwa amapezeka mu April. 
Malo a chisanu a Lagodekhi
Gulu la chisanu la Lagodekhsky (Galanthus lagodechianus) limakula kumapazi a mapiri a Caucasus. Mababu a bulbu mpaka 25-30 mm, mamita pafupifupi 15 mm. Masamba ndi okongola kwambiri, obiriwira okongola, amakula mpaka masentimita 8 panthawi yamaluwa mpaka 30 cm pambuyo pake. Peduncle pafupi 8-9 masentimita, ndi phiko ndi peduncle 30-40 mm. Maluwa a chipale chofeŵa cha Lagodekhsky amatha kufika 30 mm m'litali, masamba osakanikirana amtundu wozungulira, mkati mwake amakhala ophwanyika, amakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri pamwamba ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kozungulira.
Maluwa amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kubalana - vegetative. Mitundu imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa zokolola. 
