Mwa mitundu yambiri yomwe ilipo, mitundu ndi mafupa a nkhuku, n'zovuta kusankha chomwe chimakugwirirani. Choncho, simukuyenera kuyenda ndi dzina, koma ndi mtundu wa chitsogozo cha zokolola.
Pambuyo pake, izi ndizo zomwe mudzabweretse mbalame zanu. Mwachitsanzo, njira yodziwika kwambiri ndiyo nyama-nyama, yomwe imakuthandizani kuti muphatikize bwino nkhuku zapamwamba za nkhuku zomwe zimatulutsa nkhuku komanso makhalidwe abwino a nkhuku zomwe amapanga. Mwa mitundu iyi, nkhuku za Adler zasiliva, zomwe zakhala ziyenera kulandira chikondi cha nkhuku za alimi, ziri zotchuka kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi mtundu umenewu, ndiye kuti takonzeratu tsatanetsatane wa makhalidwe ake akuluakulu.
Kodi ndi zotani za Adler hens: kufotokozera mtundu
Zikuwonekera pa mtundu uwu pakati pa zaka zapitazi chifukwa cha khama lolimba la obereketsa asayansi. Omwe akuyimira mtundu umene tikhoza kukumana nawo lero ndi omwe amanyamula zobadwa za nkhuku zisanu zomwe kale zimakonda komanso zowonjezera bwino: White Plymouth, New Hempshire, May Day, Russian White ndi Jurlov. Komabe palokha Kusankhidwa kunkachitika m'zinthu zingapo zovuta:
- Amuna a May Day nkhuku anadutsa nkhuku za mtundu woyera wa Russian. Kwa mibadwo iwiri, mtundu wosakanizidwawo unadutsa okhaokha.
- F2 hybrids akhala atanyamula makhalidwe monga dzira lokongola ndi lapamwamba. Pofuna kuwongolera khalidwe lawo la nyama, nkhuku zinkasungidwa ndi zinyama za New Hampshire.
- Fomu yowonjezera F3 idakonzedwanso "mwa iyo yokha", ndipo kale kuchokera kwa anthu omwe anaipeza anasankhidwa omwe ali ndi makhalidwe abwino a kunja ndi nyama mwamsanga.
- F5 nkhuku zinasakanizidwa ndi mapiko a White Plymouth nkhuku, ndipo anthu omwe amatsatirawo adayanjananso.
- Pakati pa anthu anayi omwe anagwidwa ndi matupi awo, zotsatira zabwinozo zinasankhidwa kachiwiri malingana ndi zokolola, zomwe zinadutsa ndi mtundu wotsiriza wa Yurlov.
Zotsatira za nkhukuzo ndizokhala zomwe timachitcha lero Adler siliva.
Ubwino ndi ubwino wokondedwa wa Adler Hens
Mtunduwu uli ndi ubwino wambiri, umene unapangitsa kuti wotchuka ndi wotchuka mpaka lero. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:
- kuthekera kwa kukhalabe ndi chuma cha Adler siliva kwa zaka 3-4. Kawirikawiri, ngakhale nkhuku ndi nkhuku zimaloledwa kukhala nyama nthawi yomweyo zikafika zaka 1.5, chifukwa zimakhulupirira kuti nkhuku yakale imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa nyama.
Komabe, mtundu uwu sukugwira ntchito konse, chifukwa msinkhu suwakhudza makhalidwe ake a nyama. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kwa zaka zingapo kusunga nkhuku, ndithudi adzakondweretsa iwe ndi mazira ochulukirapo ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi mibadwo yambiri ya ana atsopano;
- Malingana ndi dzira-laying, mtundu uwu ukhoza kuonedwa kuti ndiwopatsa thanzi kwambiri, chifukwa mazira oyambirira a nkhuku amayamba kuyala ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yambiri ya msinkhu uno sipange nthawi yokhala ndi maulamu aakulu;
- kwa oimira mtunduwo ndi osavuta kusamalira. Izi ndizo chifukwa chakuti silletti ya Adler sichimangodya kwambiri, iwo amadya mwakachetechete mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya, pamene kupeza kulemera ndikobwino komanso kusaipitsa mazira. Komanso, safunikira kukonzekera malo apadera, chifukwa mtunduwu ndi wolimba kwambiri.
Nkhuku zimatha kusinthana ndi nyengo ndi nyengo zochepa.
Nkhuku zabwino kwa nkhuku ndizakuti zimatha kusintha mosavuta ndi nyengo zatsopano. Pankhani imeneyi, kulikonse kumene mungapeze oimira maulendo omwe akufotokozedwa komanso kulikonse komwe mukufuna kuti mukhale nawo m'tsogolomu, akhoza kusintha mosavuta ku nyengo iliyonse.
Makhalidwe a nkhuku sangachite ngakhale njira iliyonse kuti iwo adasamutsira kumalo atsopano, kapena kusintha kumeneku kudzachitika masiku 2-3. Mbali imeneyi yathandizira kwambiri kufalikira kwa siliva ya Adler ku CIS.
Mwa zina, muyenera kumvetsera alimi a nkhuku Khalidwe lokhazika mtima pansi Lembani curia. Amatha kukhazikika mwamtendere ndi mitundu ina ndi nyama zina, amtima wabwino amachitapo kanthu pa zochitika zilizonse za omvera, ngati ali kale ndi nthawi yozizoloŵera (poyamba angathe kukhala amanyazi pang'ono). Zilonda za matenda osiyanasiyana sizipezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo chitetezeke.
Lero mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yatsopano ya nkhuku. Zilonda za Adler sizinthu zokhazokha zonyamula zizindikiro za nyama, koma zimatha kuzipereka kwa mibadwo ina. Ndiponso, oloŵa nyumba awo amasonyeza kusintha kwabwino ndi kupsya mtima.
Kubereketsa mbeu: Kodi ndizovuta zotani Silver Adler?
Pakati pa makhalidwe ochuluka kwambiriwa kuti mupeze zofooka za mtundu wofotokozedwa ndizovuta kwambiri, ngakhale kuti zilipo. Vuto lalikulu pobeletsa mtundu uwu ndi kuti mu njira yautali yotere yobereketsa, oimira ake pang'ono adataya chidziwitso chamakono.
Choncho, ngati pali mmodzi mwa okondedwa anu omwe akufuna kulowerera mazira, sayenera kuloledwa kuti adye nyama, koma ayenera kusungidwa kuti apeze mibadwo yatsopano.
Inde, zovuta zoterozo zimagonjetsedwa mosavuta ndi zowonongeka: poponya mazira a Adler silver silver of other breeds kapena kuswa ndi magetsi. Njira zonsezi ndizothandiza ndipo sizidzakuvutani, koma zidzakulolani kuti mukhale oimira mitundu yabwino kwambiri.
Zochitika zina ndi mbali zosiyana za mtundu wofotokozedwa
Phunzirani nkhuku ndi zinyama za mtundu uwu zikhoza kukhala zophweka, osachepera ndi mtundu wa mphukira zawo. Iwo ali ndi chilankhulo cha ku Colombia, choloŵa chochokera ku May Day ndi Jurlov mitundu ya nkhuku.
Komabe, nkhuku zamasiku, monga mtundu wina, zimakhala ndi mfuti yachikasu. Nthenga za mchira kapena zitsulo, komanso nthenga za mchira pamapiko ndi zakuda. Ndiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti nthanga za siliva za Adler zimakhala zolimba kwambiri kwa thupi, zomwe zimathandiza kukhala ndi kutentha kwa thupi.
Kawirikawiri, mbalamezi zimakhala ndi kukula kwa thupi, m'malo mwake zimagwirizana ndi malamulo awo. Thupi lawo liri lalitali ndi lakuya, ndipo msana wawo uli wawukulu ndi wolunjika.
Malo a msana, kapena kani, msana wa kumbuyo, mu nkhuku za Adler kwenikweni zimagwirizana ndi nthaka, ngakhale kuti zimagwa pang'ono kumchira. Mimba ndi chifuwa zimakhala bwino bwino, ndipo chifuwacho sichiri chozama, komanso chodzaza, chomwe chiri chofunika kwambiri pa mtundu wa nyama.
Msana wa nkhuku, ngakhale kuti sungatchedwe kuti ndi wamwano, koma ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso zopirira, amalola anthu kusuntha kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mapiko aatali, omwe nthawi zonse amafanana ndi thupi, ngati kuli kofunikira, nkhukuzi zingadzutse mlengalenga kwa mphindi zingapo.
Posankha mtundu wonse, muyenera kuganiziranso makhalidwe ofunika awa:
- mutu wa Adler hens ndi wozungulira, waung'ono, wochuluka. Pankhaniyi, ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi thupi. Posankha munthu, samverani kukhalapo kwa
- lobes wofiira bwino, komanso mawonekedwe a mlomo, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu;
- Chomeracho ndi chofiira kwambiri, cha kukula kwapakati, chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ngati tsamba ndipo chimakhala ndi chidendene cha mano owunjika;
- Mtundu wa maso uli wofiira-mkuwa, iwo amazungulira, mawonekedwe pang'ono;
- nkhope ya nkhuku ndi zisoti kawirikawiri zimakhala zofiira ndi zosalala, ndolo zimakhala zozungulira ndi zofiira;
- khosi liri lalitali, lophimbidwa ndi mane;
- miyendo ndi yaifupi, yopakatikati, ndi nyenyezi zochepa zomwe zimatuluka ndi minofu yabwino, yomwe ingamveke pamene ikuphulika. Kukhazikitsidwa kwambiri, wamphamvu ndi yokhazikika;
- mchira waing'ono kukula, kuzungulira, kutseka mwamphamvu, ndi zochepa, koma zolimba zokhota zokhota.
Kunja, zimakhalanso zosavuta kusiyanitsa nkhuku kuchokera ku tambala: yoyamba imakhala ndi kuwala kwambiri komanso mutu wokongola, ndipo chisa chili ndi zazikulu. Komanso, tambala ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa thupi ndi mchira waukulu.
Chonde onani kuti miyendo yaitali kwambiri ya mchira ndi mchira waukulu kwambiri, komanso chisa chotukuka kwambiri, chomwe chimadalira kukula kwake kwakukulu, chimatengedwa kuti ndizosavomerezeka za ziweto za Adler zasiliva. Nkhuku za mtundu uwu zimakanidwa ndipo molingana ndi zizindikiro monga momwe thupi lonse lilili lapamwamba kwambiri, komanso khosi ndi lochepa kwambiri.
Kuswana ndikuchita zinthu za adler silver curia
Mpaka posachedwapa, mtunduwu umakhala ndi udindo waukulu kwambiri, chifukwa ukhoza kusangalala ndi nyama ndi mazira ambiri. Koma ziyenera kuzindikira kuti posachedwapa chinthu chachikulu cha sillet Adler ndi chizoloŵezi chokhalira kuchepetsa kulemera kwa anthu payekha.
Inde, ngati malipiro a kuchepetsedwa kwa zakudya za nyama, kukolola kwa dzira kunakula kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, kulemera kwake kwafupipafupi kumakhala ndi zotsatirazi zizindikiro:
- nkhuku yomwe ili ndi zaka 1 imatha kulemera kuchokera 2.5 mpaka 2.8 kilograms;
- pa msinkhu womwewo, tambala amatha kuchuluka kwa makilogalamu 3.5-3.9.
Kuyambira kuthira mazira ali ndi zaka 0,5, mu miyezi 12 nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi mazira oposa 170-190, ndipo olemba ma CD amapita mpaka kumbali ya zidutswa 200. Chipolopolo cha mazira kawirikawiri zimakhala zojambula mu mtundu wa kirimu, chomwe chimayambanso mtundu wa mtundu womwewo. Ukulu wa mazira ndi aakulu kwambiri, kulemera kwake ndi 58-59 magalamu.
N'zotheka kuwonjezera chikhalidwe cha nyama za nkhuku za Adler zasiliva mwa kuzikweza ndi zowonjezera - White Whiteish. Zotsatira zake ndizo, ana omwe amachokera ku cholowa chamtunduwu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitembo ikhale yolemera makilogalamu 1.3 kapena osachepera masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri. Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti ubwino wa nkhuku yotere ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, kubwezeretsedwa kwa ana kumeneku kumatayika bwino kwambiri, ndipo amaika mazira ochepa kwambiri.
Momwe mungakhazikitsire anthu oimira mtundu wonsewo: mfundo zamtengo wapatali ndi malangizo
Tanena kale kuti chikoka chokwanira cha nkhuku za Adler zasiliva ndizomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Choncho, alimi odziŵa bwino nkhuku amalimbikitsa kugula chofungatira ndi nkhukuzi. Mwamwayi, mazira a nkhukuzi amamera bwino bwino, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi kuti chiwerengero cha nkhuku zowonjezera ndi 95%. Komanso, chifukwa chokhala ndi chitetezo chokhazikika, kupirira bwino ndi kusinthika, chiwonetsero cha mbalame zotetezeka ndi chapamwamba: pakuti mchenga wachinyamata ndi 98 peresenti, ndipo akuluakulu - 86%.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira udindo waukulu wa tambala pakubereka ana ndi kusamalira gulu lonselo. Amamuthandiza kwambiri mwiniwakeyo powasamalira mosamala malo omwe amaika mazira awo ndikuwaphunzitsa kuti azichita pamalo omwewo. Komanso, Adler azitsamba kwambiri amatsogolera panthawi yopatsa chakudya ndikuyamba kudya pokhapokha nkhuku zikudyetsedwa. Amakhalanso okondweretsa kwambiri ndi achinyamata, mpikisano ukhoza kungoyambira pakati pa zinyama zokha.
N'zotheka kubzalitsa mbalamezi pakhomo, ndipo osatsekedwa, nkhuku sidzaona kusiyana kwakukulu. Mukhoza kukonzekera mabatire onse a selo, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wa malo.
Ng'ombe za Adler zimaika mazira kuchokera pa miyezi 6, ngakhale zikhoza kuyamba mwezi umodzi. Komabe, ndibwino kuti musayambe kuchita zimenezi, chifukwa dzira-kuika kwambiri limadula mphamvu ya mbalame, kuchepetsa moyo wawo wopindulitsa. Ndi bwino kubzala nkhuku kumapeto kwa kasupe ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Pansi pa nyengo yotentha yotentha, zidzakhala zosavuta kuti zikule, chifukwa ziyenera kuchitidwa popanda nkhuku (pokhapokha ngati mutayika mazira pansi pa nkhuku).
Mu mulandu womwewo, ngati Adler akubala nkhuku anabadwa posachedwa, ndi bwino kutsatira ndondomeko yapadera powakweza:
- kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amadya ndi nkhuku, kuti asayambe kukulirakulira kwakukulu kwa anthu;
- Ngati n'kotheka, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha maola a masana kuti agwirizane ndi tsiku lowala mu June-July.
Kudyetsa nkhuku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachidule: yophika, ndi pambuyo ndi youma, chimanga kuchokera ku mapira kapena chimanga, mazira owiritsa, zakudya za mkaka, msipu pa chakudya chobiriwira.
Mbali za zakudya za akulu akulu Adler silver mtundu wa curia
Ngakhale nkhukuzi sizing'onong'ono zokha, chakudya chabwino chimadziwa kuti ndibwino kupereka chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso chopatsa thanzi. Ndipotu, zakudya zosiyana kwambiri ndi zowonjezera, zowonjezera kwambiri mbalame zidzalandira, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo zimasonyeza zizindikiro zabwino zowonjezera. Choncho, mu zakudya za akuluakulu Adler nkhuku Tikulimbikitsanso kuti:
- masamba ndi zitsamba (zonse zowiritsa ndi zobiriwira);
- Mitengo yamchere yomwe ili ndi zinthu zofunika monga calcium ndi chitsulo;
- mapuloteni omwe amathandiza kwambiri kupanga mapangidwe a minofu ya mbalame ndipo, motero, pa zokolola za nyama ambiri;
- tirigu, chiwerengero chake chiyenera kukhala chochuluka.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zilipo ndi omwe akuyimira mtunduwu
Zikakhala kuti mbalame zimasungidwa m'nyumba zazikulu, kumene zimatha kuyenda pansi, payenera kuperekedwa mwapadera ku zinyontho za kuvala. Ngakhale kuti nkhuku sizibweretsa zinyalala zambiri, komabe ndi anthu ambiri, nthaka ikhoza kuthira mofulumira kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti chinyezi chisapitirire 25%. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa nyumbayo nthawi zonse, komanso kupanga kuyamwa nkhuku.
Alimi ogwira nkhuku amadziwa ngakhale kuti kulankhulana momasuka ndi nkhuku za Adler zasiliva zimakhudza kwambiri zokolola zawo. Ndipotu, kukhazikika ndi kakhalidwe ndi kadhi lochezera alendo, ndipo ngati mbalamezi zimakhalabe zokhazokha ndipo zimayesetsa kukhazikitsa moyo wabwino, zimayamika ndi mazira ambiri ndi nkhuku zokoma.
