M'nkhani ino tidzakuuzani zonse za chipinda cha geraniums (chomwe chimatchedwanso "kalachik"), chomwe ndi: momwe mungasamalire chomera ichi, mu nthaka yobzala ndi momwe mungasankhire mphika wabwino.
Musaiwale kulankhula za njira zoberekera za pelargonium.
Mukudziwa? Banja la geranium liri ndi mitundu pafupifupi 800 ndipo ili m'chilengedwe kumwera kwa Africa ndi Australia.
Mbali za kukula kwa geraniums kunyumba
Mawu akuti "geranium" amachokera ku Chigriki "geranion" kapena "geranio", ndipo amatembenuzidwa monga "crane" (zipatso za chomera ichi zikufanana ndi mlomo wa crane).
Mbewu yokha ndi shrub yomwe kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 60. Pali mitundu iwiri: maluwa kapena zonunkhira. Pachifukwa chachiwiri, pamene maluwawo, amatha kufanana ndi fungo la maapulo, maluwa, kapena ngakhale mchere.
Kunyumba kwa geranium ndikosafunika kusamalira, kotero amavomerezedwa kwambiri pochita zovuta kunyumba kwake ndikusangalala ndi maluwa okongola awa. Geraniums amazoloŵera nyumba zawo ndipo muyenera kuyesa maluwawa kuti awavulaze.
Koma, ngakhale mosavuta, pali zinthu zingapo za kukula kwa geranium, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
- Kuwala Geranium imakonda kuwala, choncho nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pazenera zowonongeka, m'pofunika kuganizira zenera kuti iike geranium pa (mbali yakumwera yabwino).
- Kutentha Geranium sizongopeka kwambiri ponena za kutentha, koma, komabe, m'nyengo yozizira, chipinda sichingakhale chozizira (osati m'munsi kuposa +10 С). Ngati mukufuna kuti liphuke chaka chonse, muyenera kuwapatsa kuwala (m'nyengo yozizira - nyali) ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha.
- Kuthirira Kuthirira kumakhala kofunikira, koma onetsetsani kuti madzi omwe ali mumphika sakula, pamene mizu ya mbewu imayamba kuvunda ndipo geranium imafa.
Ndikofunikira!M'nyengo yotentha, simungachoke maluwawo mwachindunji.
Ndikofunikira! Kutayira geranium sangathe. Maluwa awa sasowa mpweya wonyezimira, ndipo njirayi imamupweteka.
Mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe cha geraniums
Popeza geranium ikuchokera ku South Africa, ndiye kuti, muyenera kukhazikitsa nyengo yofanana panyumba panu. Inde, izi sizikutanthauza kuti nkofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzisunga kutentha mu chipinda cha 30 30С ndikudzaza geranium ndi madzi, monga nthawi ya mvula.
Zokwanira kuti nthaka ikhale yophika mumoto ndikupereka kuwala kokwanira ku mpira wanu. Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kwa duwa kumachokera ku +10 mpaka + madigiri 30. Kufunika kwa geranium kuunikira bwino ndiko chifukwa chakuti kudziko lakwawo kuli chiwerengero chachikulu cha masiku a dzuwa pa chaka.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati pali kusowa kwa dzuwa, nyali yamba yomwe imayandikira pafupi ndi maluwa ndi yabwino.
Musasunge, kusankha mphika kwa geraniums
Posankha potengera geranium, ndi bwino kukumbukira zomwe taphunzira pamwambapa, zomwe ndizo: "Momwe mungamwetsera mpira kunyumba". Mukudziwa kale kuti geranium imafuna kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, ngakhale kuti madzi sayenera "kuyima" mumphika. Choncho, posankha mphika ndibwino kuganizira nthawi ino.
Ngati mukufanizira miphika ya pulasitiki ndi mankhwala kuchokera ku dothi lophika, ndiye kuti omaliza adzakhala patsogolo, monga momwe dothi limakhalira mofulumira. Phika sayenera kukhala lalikulu kwambiri, mwinamwake iwe ukhoza kukula mtengo kusiyana ndi duwa laling'ono. Chomera chokwanira chokwanira ndi mphika wokhala ndi masentimita 14 mpaka 15 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 10.
Kodi nthaka ikufunika bwanji kwa geraniums, feteleza ndi kukulumikiza chomera
Tsopano ndikuuzeni za Kodi dziko la Geranium ndilo dziko liti?. Pachifukwa ichi, ife, kachiwiri, tidzathandiza kudziwa zomwe taphunzira ku ndime zapitazo. Ndi bwino kukumbukira mfundo ziwiri zofunika:
- Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi losagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi katundu wabwino.
- Timagwiritsa ntchito wamba wotchedwa chernozem, umene umagulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa, ophatikizidwa ndi dothi lowonjezera, lomwe limayikidwa pansi pa mphika;
- Chisakanizo cha nthaka yakuda ndi mchenga wa mtsinje ndi miyala yabwino, yomwe imayikidwa pansi pa mphika.
Ndikofunikira!Ngakhale madzi abwino, nthaka mumphika imafunika kumasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mupewe mizu yovunda.
Pitani ku kusankha feteleza kwa geraniums. Zowonjezera fetereza kuchokera ku shopu la maluwa ali ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu, nayitrogeni ndi kufufuza zinthu. Zimapangidwa zosaposa 2 pa mwezi.
Ndi bwino kudyetsa pang'onopang'ono dzuwa litalowa, kapena kukonzanso mphika mumthunzi. Musagwiritsire ntchito feteleza wamadzi ngati dothi luma. Musanamalize maluwa. Ndikofunika kukumbukira izi feteleza watsopano sungagwiritsidwe ntchitomwinamwake maluwawo adzauma.
Tsopano tifunika kulingalira za momwe tingabzala maluwa a mphika.
Ankalumikiza geranium - Ichi ndi kupulumukira kuchokera ku chomera kupita ku chimzake. Izi zimachitidwa kuti mupeze maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana / fungo pamtunda umodzi, kapena kupanga korona yokongoletsera.
Bzalani zomera zamphamvu zokha osachepera chaka chimodzi. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa mipira yomwe imakula mofulumira. Ndikofunika kuchita zonse molondola komanso ndendende molingana ndi malangizo omwe awonetsedwa ndikuwonetsedwa pansipa.
- Pangani V-cut on stock. Iyenera kukhala yosalala, yosalala ndi yocheperapo kusiyana ndi kudula kwa katundu, ndi kutalika kwa mphete ndi gawo lodulidwa liyenera kukhala 2 masentimita.
- Ikani mchenga wokonzedweratu mumalo ovomerezeka, monga momwe asonyezera pachithunzichi. Monga mukuonera, scion ayenera kukhala ndi impso yamoyo pafupi ndi kudula.
- Kujambula ndi chitsa kumagwirizanitsa kuti ziwalo zonse za tsinde zikhale mbali imodzi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha mlingo umodzi wa tsinde ndi tsinde.
Ndikofunikira!Musagwiritse ntchito kudula komwe kuli kwakukulu kuposa katundu.
Momwe mungamwetsera geranium
Maluwa okongola ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri, makamaka nyengo yotentha, pamene geranium imamasula kapena kukula kwake kukuchitika. Pa "mpumulo", m'nyengo yozizira, kukula kwa kuthirira kwafupika, kusiya nthaka pang'ono.
Mukawona nkhungu yakuda pa masamba kapena fungo loyipa - ichi ndi chinyontho chochuluka mu mphika. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyembekezera kuti dothi liume ndipo musamamwe maluwa, kapena musamuke geranium mu gawo lapansi latsopano louma.
Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti nthaka yowuma kwambiri sungakhale yoopsya ngati chinyezi chochulukira, chomwe chimaphuka pansi. Kutentha, pelargonium imathiridwa kamodzi pa tsiku. Pakakhala kutentha komanso kutuluka pang'ono, kuthirira kumachitika masiku awiri.
Zosakaniza zokongoletsa geraniums
Tsopano tikuyang'ana momwe tingadulire mipira.
Geranium iyenera kudulidwa, mosasamala za kukula kwake ndi msinkhu wake. Izi zimachitidwa kuti muwonjezere chiwerengero cha inflorescences.
Gawo loyamba la kudulira kumachitika chisanafike. Njirayi imathandiza mpira kupulumutsa zinthu zambiri kuti zitheke kusintha kudziko la mpumulo.
Timayamba kudula kokha pokhapokha geranium yatha. Ife timadula theka la kutalika kwa maluwa (izi zimatithandiza kuti tipeze kuunika kwambiri ku mzu wa maluwa ndi kuchepetsa mwayi wa matenda ndi bowa). Ngati kudula kwa nthawi kunayamba kutembenuka wakuda, amafunika kufupikitsidwa.
Kubwezeretsanso kachikale komwe kunapangidwa kumapeto kwa February kapena kumayambiriro kwa March. Izi ndi zofunika ngati pelargonium m'nyengo yozizira imatambasula.
Kufunika geranium tsamba lakuthwa, yomwe isanayambe kutsatiridwa ndi kumwa mowa. Kudula kumapangidwira pamwamba pa tsamba la masamba.
Kudulira maluwa ndi mphukira zouma zimayenera kudulira. Pachifukwa ichi, simungopangitsa kuti chitsamba chikhale chokongola ndi chaching'ono, mumathandizira chomera kuti muthane ndi mavuto omwe mungathe, komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi bowa.
Njira Zosambira Geranium
Pano ife tikubwera ku gawo lotsiriza la nkhani - kubalana. Geranium akhoza kufalikira m'njira ziwiri: ndi mbewu ndi cuttings. Ndipo tsopano tidzakuthandizani kuti muyese kufufuza ndi kupweteka kwa njira iliyonse.
Mbewu
Kotero, muli ndi mbewu za geranium ndipo muyenera kupeza tchire lokongola kunja kwao. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanayambe:
- Kulima nthawi;
- Njira yachitsulo yobzala;
- Nthawi yosamba;
- Nthawi yoika.
Kenaka mukusowa gawo loyenera lokhazikika. Pankhaniyi, wangwiro Mtsuko wosakaniza + mchenga + peat (mu chiŵerengero 2: 1: 1). Sipadzakhalanso madzi, ndipo peat idzakupatsani mtundu wodyera zomera.
Mukasankha nthaka muyenera kudzikonzekera nokha mbewu. Pochita izi, amachizidwa ndi epine kapena zircon, kenako amathira maola atatu m'madzi kutentha.
Mbewu ndi nthaka zakonzeka - pitani kwa ambiri kukwera. Timafalitsa nthaka ndi makulidwe a 0,5 masentimita, ikani mbeu pamwamba ndikuphimba ndi galasi. Timaika bokosilo ndi mbeu mu chipinda chowala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 20+.
Mbewu idzamera mkati mwa masabata ndi theka mutatha kufesa. Kukula kwake kumadalira zinthu zingapo: geranium zosiyanasiyana, firiji ndi nthawi yosungirako.
Pambuyo tsamba likawoneka pa kambewu kakang'ono masamba 3-4, muyenera kupanga kubzala geraniums mu mphika. Ndikofunika kutulutsa mizu ya maluwa angapo omwe sanakwanebe. Tengani mphika watsopano wokhala pamwamba pa osachepera 10 cm.
Njira yofalitsira mbewu ndi yaitali komanso yolemetsa. Siziyenera kwa aliyense, chifukwa zimayenera kusamala komanso nthawi yake. Mu gawo lotsatila, tidzayang'ana njira yofalitsira ndi zipatso, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka kuposa mbeu.
Cuttings
Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti geranium ndi yosavuta kufalitsa ndi cuttings, koma palibe aliyense angakuuzeni mwatsatanetsatane malangizo. Tsopano ife tikuphunzitsani inu momwe mungayankhire mpira wawung'ono kuti iwo awone mizu ndi kukula pamalo atsopano.
Kuziika kwa cuttings ikuchitika kumayambiriro autumn, pambuyo maluwa.
- Timadula nsonga yamphamvu ndi yathanzi 8-14 masentimita yaitali. Timadulidwa ndi mpeni (mungagwiritse ntchito kumanga imodzi) pansi pa mfundo.
- Pa odulidwa cuttings achoke 2-3 pamwamba masamba, ena onse kudula.
- Kudula kumapangidwira njira yothetsera mpangidwe wa mizu (ngati ilipo). Ngati palibe njira yothetsera vutoli, mwayi wochulukira bwino umachepa, koma sichikutha.
- Thirani nthaka yabwino mu mphika ndi mamita pafupifupi masentimita 10; timapanga cholembera ndi pensulo ndikumala kuthawa.
Ndikofunikira! Njira iyi si yoyenera kwa mfumu ya Geranium, popeza izi sizitha kukhala ndi mizu komanso zowola.
Mafuta obiridwa amawonjezeredwa kumadzi kuti athetse chitukuko cha matenda. Ndipo pamene mphukira yazika mizu, imapangidwira mu mphika ndi nthaka ndikusamalira ngati chomera chachikulu.
Mukawerenga nkhaniyi, mwaphunzira kusamalira mpira wamng'ono kunyumba. Tinakuuzani za zosankha zobereketsa za geraniums, momwe mungadulire chitsamba ndi nthawi yoti muzichita. Analongosola zomwe zimachitika posamalira chomera chokongola ichi. Tsopano inu mutha kukwanitsa kutenga chophimba ndi choyambira cha pelargonium yanu ndikutsimikiza kuti zimapeza zonse zomwe mukuzisowa.
