Barberry wa Thunberg m'chilengedwe chake amakula pamapiri a ku China komanso ku Japan. Chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake, kunayamba kufalikira m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Kupyolera mwa kuyesayesa kwa obereketsa anagwedezeka kuposa mitundu makumi asanu ya zomera.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya barberry Thunberg
N'zosatheka kufotokoza mitundu yonse ya barberry ya Thunberg; chofala kwambiri m'minda ya latitudes.
Erecte yosiyanasiyana. Shrub theka mita mu mawonekedwe a piramidi. Mphukira imakhala ndi minga, masamba ndi obiriwira. Maluwa a chikasu kapena ofiira, m'dzinja amawonekera zipatso zofiira zomwe zimakometsera chomera mpaka nyengo yozizira.
Kukula kwa Maphunziro. Shrub ndi korona wokongola ngati mpira. Mbali yapadera ya zomera ndi masamba: m'chilimwe, mtundu wa masamba ang'onoang'ono ngati mawonekedwe a chikasu kapena lalanje, m'nyengo yozizira mthunzi umasintha wofiira ndi malire a chikasu.
Barberry Coronite. Amasiyana mozungulira pamapeto a mawonekedwe a masamba, utoto wofiirira ndi wobiriwira. Pamene chomera chikukula, masamba amawombera. Nthambi za barberry izi zimakhala ndi pinki minga. M'chaka, chikasu maluwa kuwonekera, ndipo m'dzinja kuwala, yowala ofiira zipatso.
Harlequin. Chitsamba chachikulu chikufika kutalika mamita awiri. Nthambi ndi makungwa a chikasu kapena chofiira. Masamba ndi ang'onoang'ono, obiriwira, ochokera ku pinki kupita ku burgundy. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya chilimwe imakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa achikasu, kumapeto kwa dzinja - ndi zipatso zobiriwira za mtundu wa oblong m'matumba.
Kalasi Rose Kuwala. Shrub imakula mpaka mamita limodzi ndi hafu. Mphukira yaing'ono ndi yofiira, yofiira. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti masamba amasintha mtundu wa masamba. Pa nthambi zazing'ono masamba amakhala obiriwira-pinki, pa okalamba ndi mdima ndipo alibe variegation. Maluwa a maluwa amajambulidwa mu carmine, wachikasu pakati. Zipatso zipse kumayambiriro kwa autumn.
Golden Rocket. Maonekedwe a Crohn akufanana ndi piramidi, masamba a chikasu. M'mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe limamasula chikasu. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe - oyambirira autumn, zipatso zofiira zikuwoneka.
Orange Rocket. Maonekedwe a korona ndi piramidi ndi masamba okongola a lalanje, omwe kumayambiriro kwa autumn amasintha mtundu wofiira.
Sungani Ndondomeko Yamtundu Wofiira. Korona yokongola yodzala ndi yonyezimira. Mu May, maluwa achikasu kapena ofiira amatha. Akuwombera ndi minga, akhale ndi mtundu wofanana ndi masamba. M'dzinja pali zipatso zofiira.
Chief Red. Mitambo iwiri ya mita ndi mphukira yofiira. Kumapeto kwa May, limamasula ndi maluwa achikasu, anasonkhana mu inflorescences a zidutswa 3-7. Mitengo ya piritsi kapena yofiira imapezeka mu September ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiira pansi pa chisanu.
Mukudziwa? Asayansi apeza zolembedwa pa mbale zomwe barberry zafotokozedwa. Mipata imatchula chikhalidwe cha Asuri.
Kodi ndi malo ati omwe angabzala barberry Thunberg molondola?
Mitengo yokongoletsera imatsimikiziridwa ndi dzuwa lokwanira. Choncho, musanadzalemo barberry Thunberg, sankhani mtundu wa zomera zomwe mumakonda. Kumalo otseguka dzuwa, masamba a barberry adzakhala amodzi wonyezimira, owala ndi mtundu wofiirira, pa korona mbali ya masamba omwe adzakhala obiriwira. Simungathe kubzala mitengo yambiri m'madera otsetsereka: nthawi zambiri mumagwa mvula, ndipo zomera sizimakonda zokwanira.
Barberry Thunberg sichitsutsana ndi oyandikana nawo, koma payenera kukhala mtunda wa mamita limodzi ndi theka pakati pawo kuti chitukuko chonse chitukulire komanso kupeza maonekedwe okongola. Musamabzala pafupi ndi mawindo a nyumba: chomera chimakopa tizilombo zomwe zingakuvutitseni.
Kubzala zitsamba za barberry zikhoza kukhala kumayambiriro ndi nyengo ya autumn, koma pali maonekedwe ena. Mukamabzala, mumasankha: kumapeto kwa nyengo, musanayambe kuphuka. M'dzinja - onetsetsani kuti mizu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa nyengo yozizira.
Konzani nthaka musanadzalemo: sakanizani magawo awiri a nthaka ya sod, mchenga umodzi ndi humus. Mu nthaka yotere, shrub imalandira zakudya zonse ndi mpweya wabwino, chifukwa cha mchenga.
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuti nthaka ikupangidwa ndi acidity - ngati mitengo yapamwamba iwonjezeka, onjezerani mandimu ku nthaka (pafupifupi 350 g, slaked).Ngati mukufuna kulima tchire limodzi, chokani mtunda wa mamita awiri pakati pa mbande. Ndikufuna mpanda wochuluka wochuluka - chomera mbeu zitatu kapena zinayi pambali pake. Pamene akukula, adzalandira malo awo. Dulani dzenje lakuya mita mita, lembani nthaka yokonzedwa bwino, ikani nyemba. Pamene tigona, gwiritsani ntchito nthaka ndi madzi mosavuta.
Malangizo a chisamaliro cha barberry
Ngakhale kuti shrub imamva bwino mu nyengo yozizira, kusamalira barberry wa Thunberg kumatanthawuza kuthirira ndi kudyetsa, ngakhale kuti kulibe.
Kuthirira ndi kukulitsa nthaka
Ngati mphepo imagwa nthawi yachilimwe, zomera sizifuna kuthirira. Madzi kamodzi pamlungu ndi kusowa kwa madzi kapena mvula. Kudzaza nthaka ndi mpweya ndikuchotsani chomera cha namsongole, nthawi zonse muzimasula. Namsongole samangowonongeka ndi barberry, komanso imakoka zakudya kuchokera pansi, motero zimachepetsa kukula kwa shrub. Mwamsanga mutabzala barberry mbande, mulch kuzungulira thunthu. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi, kufotokoza kapena peat.
Feteleza ndi kuvala
Barberries amayamba kumera m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza ndi nayitrogeni. Njira yabwino ndi urea (30 g pa chidebe cha madzi). Kenaka m'chaka amadyetsa kangapo ndi feteleza zodzaza ndi microelements. Zovala zapamwamba za chilimwe zimaphatikizapo feteleza ovuta mu granules, monga Kemira-Universal. Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, zitsamba zazikulu zimamera ndi superphosphate ndi potashi (15 ndi 10 g pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse).
Kudulira
Ali ndi zaka ziwiri ndi nthawi yochepetsera barberry. Barberry kudulira ikuchitika m'chaka kuchotsa youma ndi ofooka nthambi. Ngati izi sizichitika, zidzasokoneza kukula ndi kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, idzapanga korona wa chomera. Pofuna kusiyanitsa nthambi zowuma, dikirani mpaka masamba awonekere, iwo adzafulumira. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kudulira kungatuluke mpaka 70 peresenti ya mphukira. Nthawi zina shrub imafuna kukonzanso. Zimadalira zosiyanasiyana zomwe mukukula. Pankhaniyi, kuchita zina kudulira barberry yophukira.
Zima hardiness wa barberry
Young zomera kumapeto kugwa, ndi zofunika kuphimba nthambi spruce. Pezani chitetezo mutangotha kutentha mpaka -7 ° C. Pankhaniyi, nthaka idzaundana mpaka masentimita asanu 5. Mitsempha yachangu iyenera kutetezedwa, ndipo, nthambi zowonjezera zimayenera kutetezedwa ku kuzizira ndi madzi. Mukhoza kukulunga mphukira, ndi kuphimba ndi lutrasil pamwamba ndikuzigwedeza ndi chingwe kuti zisatsegulidwe pamene mphepo ikugwa. Ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito mfundo imodzi yokha, zomerazo zidzasintha. M'chaka, chotsani malo obisala mofulumira kuti asalepheretse chomera kukula.
Kuberekera kwa barberry Thunberg
Pali njira zingapo zoberekera barberry: Mbeu zosankhidwa kuchokera ku zipatso; cuttings akukolola panthawi yodulira; Kuwombera zitsamba zazikulu za chitsamba kapena kugawaniza wopereka chitsamba.
Mbewu
Sankhani zipatso zokhazokha za shrub, chotsani nyembazo ndi zouma. Mbewu imayenera kukonzedwa: yambani ndi madzi, kenaka muzitsamba zochepa za manganese. Ndikoyenera kufesa mbewu pa masentimita atatu mozama, mu nthaka yosavuta ndi yosasunthika. Mbewu imamera ndipo imamera m'chaka.
Ngati inu mulibe nthawi yolima mu kugwa, sakanizani nyembazo ndi mchenga ndikuziika m'nyumba 3 ° C. Mu April, kumapeto kwa mweziwu, mbewu zikhoza kufesedwa pabedi la munda. Ndi kukula kwa mbande zopanda kanthu, khalani otheka kwambiri. Kumalo osatha akhoza kubweranso chaka chamawa. Kotero kuti mu zaka ziwiri barberry anayamba kubala chipatso, ziyenera kudzabzala pambuyo pake.
Cuttings
M'masiku oyambirira a chilimwe, cuttings mpaka 15 masentimita yaitali amadulidwa ku mbali akuwombera. Muzule mu wowonjezera kutentha. Masamba a m'munsi amachotsedwa, ndipo nsonga ya nthambi imalowetsedwa mu zokopa za chiphuphu. The cuttings ali ndi filimu ndi madzi nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuti mizu ikhale yofulumira komanso yabwino, nthawi zambiri nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa, wowonjezera kutentha mpweya wabwino. Pambuyo pa masamba akuwonekera, wowonjezera kutentha amatsegulidwa, kuumitsa, motero, mizu yake imadulidwa.
Kuyika
Njira yosavuta yobalana - kugawa. Pezani nthambi pamtunda osati wamkulu kuposa chaka. Pansi pa korona, chemba mabowo pamwamba pa mizu pafupifupi 20 cm kuya, nthaka itatha, tsitsani nthambi zosankhidwa mumabowo ndikuziwaza ndi nthaka. Yesani kuwapanikizira, ndikusiya nsonga pamwamba. Kuthirira mbande zotere kumafunika nthawi zambiri. Pofika m'nyengo yachisanu, mudzakhala okonzeka kubzala.
Kugawa chitsamba
Pakuti kuswana magawano kukumba chitsamba, agawanire angapo baka. Aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi mphukira zamphamvu. Pa tsiku lomwelo, delenki iyenera kubzalidwa pa nthaka yokonzedwa. Madzi nthawi zambiri, koma osati mochuluka.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa barberry Thunberg pamapangidwe a dziko
Mitengo ya barberry iliyonse imasiyana mosiyana ndi mtundu wina wa shrub - kutalika kwake, korona, masamba a masamba, maluwa, komanso nthambi. Kusiyanitsa konseku kumapatsa wamaluwa ndi okonza mapulaneti zochititsa chidwi zodabwitsa zedi. The barberry ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponse pamabedi, komanso mu mixborder, mu phiri la Alpine. Zitsamba zokula pang'ono zidzakhala malire a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo kutalika kwa chitsamba cha barberry Thunberg mpaka mamita awiri kumapanga mpanda wabwino wamoyo. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera yomwe imamera ngati zipilala ikhoza kukhala yabwino kubzala kamodzi kapena idzakhala chigawo chapakati pa chiwembu chilichonse chokongoletsera.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwa mtundu wa barberry, mungathe kuphatikiza monga momwe mumakonda m'minda yamaluwa ndi nyimbo zosakanikirana, kupanga kapangidwe ka zojambulajambula. Beriberry yokongola kwambiri idzayang'ana kumbuyo kwa singano zokongoletsera. Kawirikawiri, mitundu yonse imagwirizana bwino ndi conifers ndi maluwa. Kuphatikiza pa zokongoletsera zokha, mungathe kufalitsa ma barberries pamtunda kuti muthandize nthaka.
Zosangalatsa Amonke a ku Tiberiya amagwiritsa ntchito zipatso za barberry kuphika. Amapembedza chomera ngati gwero la unyamata ndi mphamvu.
Ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ziti zomwe zingawononge barberry, momwe tingachitire ndi iwo
Imodzi mwa tizilombo toopsa kwambiri a barberry ndi aphid. Chifukwa cha izo, masamba amauma ndi kunyezimira. Mphukira sizimabala masamba. M'chaka, pofuna kuteteza, tchire tiyenera kuthiridwa ndi fumbi fumbi tincture. Njenjete ya peppered imapha zipatso za barberry. Kuti muchotse izo, muzichitira Fufanon kapena Decis.
Chenjerani! Mukamagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala, muzikumbukira chitetezo chanu: chitetezani kupuma kwanu, maso ndi khungu la manja anu ndi nkhope.
Matenda a fungal ndi owopsa kwa barberry. Mame a Mealy zimakhudza lonse lapansi pamwamba pa mbeu. Chizindikiro - zoyera pachimake, njira yolimbana - kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sulufule. M'pofunika kuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kawiri: nthawi yofalikira ya masamba komanso pambuyo maluwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza kupopera kugwa. Malo owonongeka ayenera kuchotsedwa. Mawanga obiriwira pamasamba amafooketsa mbewu, amawombera amakhala osauka komanso amawombera m'nyengo yozizira. Asanakhale ndi pambuyo maluwa zitsamba sprayed ndi mkuwa oxychloride.
Barberry ya Thunberg idzachititsa malo anu kukhala apadera, odzaza ndi mitundu yonse ya mitundu ndi mawonekedwe. Chomera ichi ndi chodzichepetsa, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikule mulimonse, kukongoletsa munda wawo ndi munda wamaluwa.
