Begonia ndi imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka komanso zokongola pazenera zowumba, m'nyumba ndi m'mapaki a mzindawu. Chomerachi chiri ndi mitundu yoposa 900 yodzaza ndi 2000 mtundu wosakanizidwa. Maluwawo anafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Michel Begon, yemwe anapeza maluĊµa okongoletsa, okongola kwambiri ku Antilles. Kenaka obereketsa amawatanthauzira ngati mtundu wa orchid. Momwe tingasamalire bwino mitundu yambiri ya begonias, tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Royal Begonia
Mowonjezereka, mungapeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya begonias pawindo la florist. Chochititsa chidwi ndi Royal Begonia, yomwe imakhala yosiyana ndi mitundu ina, chifukwa ili ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yambiri ya begonia.
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mitundu imeneyi ndi "Bexonia Rex"Imeneyi ndi zomera zokhazikika zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi rhizome yaikulu. Tsinde la mbewulo ndi lalifupi, masamba amawonekedwe ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana.
Mukudziwa? Royal begonia inapezeka koyamba m'chaka cha 1856 ku London komwe kuli ma orchids. Anayamba kubala mitundu yatsopano ya begonias inayamba m'chaka cha 1859 (3 mitundu), pambuyo poti obereketsa "adatenga begonia mu chitukuko."
Mmodzi wa omaliza wosakanizidwa begonias wobzalidwa ndi alimi a maluwa ndi Begonia Griffin - chomera chachikulu chomwe chingakulire mpaka 41 cm mu msinkhu, ndi masamba okongola kwambiri. Iyi siyo yokha mtundu wosakanizidwa wa begonia. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane aliyense wa iwo.
Begonia "Escargot" - chomera chachikulu kwambiri, kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 30. Masamba a mitundu imeneyi amapangidwa pa tsinde, lomwe likufanana ndi chigoba cha nkhono. Masamba achikuda ndi mikwingwirima yasiliva. Mtundu uwu umayamba kuphuka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndi zoyera.
"Dola pansi"- imodzi mwa mitundu yaying'ono yambiri ya zomera izi. Maluwawa ali wamkulu amakhala ndi mphika wokwana masentimita 8 mpaka 10. Masambawo ndi amitundu yobiriwira: wofiira wofiira ndi bulauni pafupi ndi malire akuda.
"Kusangalala pang'ono"- ngakhale kuti dzinali limakhala lalitali, masentimita 30 m'litali ndi masentimita 40 m'lifupi. Masamba a hybrid awa ndi ang'onoang'ono, satin mawonekedwe, ofiira ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Mpaka pa tsamba la burgundy, mdima wonyezimira.
"Krisimasi yosangalala"- Mmodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri wamaluwa wamakono a begonias. Mmerawu umakula mpaka mamita masentimita 35. Masambawo ndi ochepa, osakanikirana, amawoneka ngati mazira.
Mawanga pa tsambawa ndi amdima, a mtundu wofiira wa maroon-brown, wofiira wakufiira pafupi ndi mphepete, ndi siliva-emerald pamphepete mwake. Tsamba la tsamba ndi bulauni-maroon. Amamasula lalikulu, pinkish maluwa pang'onopang'ono peduncles.
Wina wosakanizidwa begonia - "Benitochiba"- zotsatira za" coitus "" Filigree "ndi" Luxurians ". Mwachidziwitso, mtundu uwu umatchedwa" Begonia Rex Benichoma ", komabe izi siziri zoona. Nthawi zambiri limamasula kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi maluwa ofiira ofiira.
ZophatikizaIron cross"- osati chitsulo, monga momwe mungaganizire dzina lake. Maluwawo ali ofanana ndi mtima, aakulu, wobiriwira komanso mtanda wofiira pakati.
Hogweed begonia
Mtundu wotchuka wa begonias, womwe umapezeka nthawi zambiri m'dzikoli, uli Begonia Hogweed. Mitunduyi imakhala yayikulu, yokhala ndi minofu, yam'mimba yokwera kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 40-50.
Masamba a mitundu iyi ya begonias ndi yaikulu, mpaka masentimita 30 m'litali. Kujambula zithunzi kungakhale kosiyana: kuchokera kubiriwira wobiriwira mpaka kuwala kobiriwira. Pambali mwa pepalali ndi lobiriwira kapena lofiira, lopangidwa ndi "pansi".
Tsitsi la maluwa ndilo lalikulu - 40-50 masentimita; maluwa obiriwira kapena oyera. Maluwa amayamba kuchokera kumapeto kwa February ndipo amatha mpaka April. Makamaka mwakhama duwa limayamba mu kasupe ndi chilimwe.
Mitundu iyi ili ndi mitundu yambiri yowakanizidwa.
Borschworm wakuda begonia begonia (Begonia heracleifolia var, nigricans), mosiyana ndi Begonia Borschavikolistnoy - "mayi" wa wosakanizidwa uyu, maluwa awa amakongoletsa kwathunthu. Tsinde la maluwa ndi minofu, zokwawa, monga momwe zinalili poyamba.
Masamba akuluwa ndi osiyana-siyana, 25 masentimita awiri, okonzedwa pa petioles, mwachidule pamphepete. Pamwamba pa masambawo amajambula pazitsamba zobiriwira ndipo amasintha kupita ku mdima wonyezimira, mkati mwa tsambali muli mtundu wobiriwira. Pansi pamtunda (40-50 cm), maluwa aakulu (2.5 masentimita) - yofiira pinki.
Yellow begonia - ndi chomera cha hafu ya burashi, masentimita 40-50 pamtunda. Khola lalikulu ndi lakuda; akuwombera "kunama". Petioles ndi otsatsa. Masamba ndi aakulu ndi razloie: 17-20 masentimita m'litali ndi pafupifupi masentimita 15 m'lifupi. Pamphepete mwa masamba muli ndi mano ang'onoang'ono, nsonga imatchulidwa.
Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences, mtunduwo umakhala wotumbululuka chikasu. Mitundu imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yambiri ya mavoniyasi panyumba kapena yobzala.
Wina wotchuka wosakanizidwa begonia borschavikolistnaya ndi begonia wofiira. Mitunduyi imayimiridwa ndi chomera cha herbaceous chili pansi. Zimayambira pang'ono kufupikitsidwa.
Masambawo ali ozungulira, pang'ono beveled. Muyeso, iwo ndi aakulu kwambiri, kufika 12-15 masentimita m'litali ndi 9-10 m'lifupi. Kuchokera panja kuli kobiriwira mdima wonyezimira, ndipo mkati mwake muli wofiira kwambiri.
Chomeracho chimamera kuyambira December mpaka kumapeto kwa June. Maluwawo ndi ochepa, oyera ndi pinkish tinge. Kawirikawiri subspeciesyi ndi ya begonias yoyamba maluwa.
The begonia ndi yodabwitsa - imodzi mwa mitundu yowonjezereka ya zomera zosakanizidwa. Mosiyana ndi "alongo" ake, mtundu uwu wa begonia uli woongoka, wamtali (1.2 mamita payeso), nthambi, ndipo amawombera "opanda."
Masamba ndi mawonekedwe ooneka ngati mtima. Mbali yakunja ndi yamkati ya pepala imasiyana kokha ndi mtundu wa utoto: pamwamba pa pepala ndizowonjezera zobiriwira, pomwe pansi ndi zobiriwira. Mtundu uwu umaphuka pafupifupi chaka chonse, kupatula m'dzinja. Duwa lingakhale lofiira kapena loyera.
Limgon begonia (ampelous begonia) - chomera ngati mawonekedwe a shrub. Mphukira ya wosakanizidwayi ikupachika pansi, kutalika kwa 30-50 cm.
Masamba ndi ofanana ndi mtima pansi. Kuyambira pakati mpaka pamphepete - mawonekedwe a dzira. Pamphepete mwa pepala la wavy. Kukula kwala ndi 8-12 cm m'litali ndi masentimita asanu. Masamba amangiriridwa ku mapesi a mtundu wobiriwira. Tsamba ndi lobiriwira, limapereka tinge chikasu.
Chomeracho chimamasula m'chilimwe ndipo chimatha kutenga mthunzi uliwonse kuchokera ku kuwala kofiira mpaka kumchere.
Begonia Bovera
Begonia Bovera - kukongoletsa kunyumba maluwa ndi zokongola zakuda masamba obiriwira, palmate-ogawanika. Chala chilichonse chiri ndi malo obiriwira. Masamba ndi aang'ono, otsika, a pubescent petioles. Chomeracho chimakhala ngati chitsamba chaching'ono, chimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10.
Mitundu imeneyi imatchula kuti begonia yomwe imatchedwa maluwa. Amamasula masika ndi pinki yotumbululuka kapena maluwa oyera. Chomeracho sichiri chowopsa kwambiri ndipo chimamverera bwino kunyumba, mosavuta kubereka. Kutsika kutentha mu chipinda, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kumwa madzi a begonia.
Mmerawo ndi wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndipo umafuna kubzala kamodzi pa chaka (makamaka mu chisakanizo cha peat ndi dziko). Kuunikira kuli bwino kusankha osakhala kowala kwambiri, chifukwa kuchokera ku kuwala kowala kwambiri masamba kumatha kutaya mtundu.
Coral begonia
Mitundu yokongola kwambiri ya begonias, yomwe imatchedwanso "angelo mapiko"Masambawo ndi ofiira, obiriwira." Chomeracho chimamera ndi maluwa okongola a pinki. Maluwa amenewa amamasula nthawi zosiyanasiyana, malinga ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa, koma nthawi zambiri komanso mwakhama - kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi subspecies, yomwe imatha kukula mosiyanasiyana (yamchere ya coral begonias - yosachepera 30 cm, pamene zitsamba zimakula kuposa 90 cm).
Chomera ichi n'chosalemekezeka, chimalekerera kawirikawiri kutentha kwa munthu, chikhoza kukhala kuwala, koma osati poyera. Sichifuna boma lapadera la ulimi wothirira, ndikwanira kuthirira madziwo mukawona zouma pamwamba pa nthaka.
Kusintha mumphika waukulu kumakhala kamodzi pachaka - m'chaka. Zingafalitsidwe ndi vegetative (cuttings) ndi njira za mbewu.
Ambiri omwe ali ndi hybrids:
- "Mabala"- limamasula pafupifupi chaka chonse. Maluwa ndi ofiira-ofiira.
- "Kuwona galasi"- amakula kwambiri, kuyambira 30 mpaka 90 masentimita m'lifupi, maluwa a pinki. Kunja, masambawo amakhala amchere, ndi mitsempha ya mtundu wa azitona.
- "Kracklin rosie"- onani ndi mdima wofiira, wokhala ndi pinki masamba.
- "Sophie cecile"- masamba obiriwira otumbululuka ndi dontho loyera.
- "Orococo"- mwina imodzi mwa mitundu yambiri ya hybrid ya Coral Begonia. Masamba ndi ofiira ndi golide, amawonekedwe ngati maonekedwe.
Cleopatra Begonia
Mitundu imeneyi ndi mlendo wokhala pafupipafupi. Chomerachi n'chodziwika kwa onse kuyambira ubwana. Kukula kwake ndi kwakukulu - mpaka 50 masentimita. Tsinde la duwa ndi lolunjika ndi lopepuka, lophimbidwa ndi "pansi". Masamba ali obiriwira panja ndi obiriwira - mkati. Pa masamba pali "chophimba" cha tsitsi laling'ono, lowala.
Mukudziwa? Mtundu wa pepalawo umasiyana malinga ndi mbali ya kuunikira. Zikhoza "kuoneka" kuchokera kubiriwira mpaka zofiira.
Cleopatra Begonia Silingalekerere mpweya wozizira, ndipo ndi bwino kuikamo malo ofunda, okwera bwino kwambiri kumadzulo kapena kummawa. N'zotheka kufalitsa mtundu uwu wa begonia onse komanso zomera.
Metal begonia
Oimirira a mtundu uwu wa begonias ndiwopambana, zomera za herbaceous ndi kutalika kwa 60 mpaka 90 cm mu msinkhu.
Masambawa ndi aakulu, ndi mdima wonyezimira. Leaf kutalika 10-15 masentimita, m'lifupi: 5-8 masentimita.
Mukudziwa? Metal Begonia sakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwala, ndi bwino kutonthoza mpweya poika chidebe ndi madzi pafupi ndi maluwa.
Begonia Metallic safuna kutentha kwapadera, zimamveka bwino kutentha kutentha. Kuthirira kungakhale masiku atatu, malinga ndi momwe dothi limakhalira mofulumira. Pakuti "moyo" ndi bwino kusankha dothi losavuta kapena lachilendo.
Meson wa Begonia
Mason begonia Ndizosatheka kuti musadziwe pakati pa mitundu ina ya begonias. Kutalika kwa chomera kumatha kufika masentimita 30, ndipo tsinde lomwe lili ndi tsamba limakula mpaka masentimita 20. Pa tsamba lirilonse pali mtundu wa mtanda wa bulauni wofiira.
Masamba ali ovuta, owoneka ngati mtima, akuthwa mpaka kumapeto. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, maluwa ang'onoang'ono a emerald amaoneka pa chomera, chomwe "chimang" mu inflorescence ya panicle.
Kusamalira Begonia Mason ndi losavuta, mumangoyenera kuthirira madzi chomeracho bwinobwino, kuwateteza kuchoka pazitsulo ndikumasula nthaka. Mukhoza kufalitsa zomera ndi mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Pofalitsa zamasamba, mungagwiritse ntchito masamba otsala a chomeracho, amachita ntchito yabwino ndi ntchito ya kudula.
Striped begonia
Begonia Striped mbadwa ku South America, ndi malo otentha omwe amakhala ndi mvula yambiri ndi zachilengedwe za mitundu iyi.
Iyo imakula mu mawonekedwe a chitsamba. Akuwombera molunjika, ndi mapepala ambiri. Masamba ali ndi lanceolate, amawoneka pansi, ndi mitsempha yowonekera kunja.
Tsambali ndi lobiriwira kwambiri, lokhala ndi mtundu wa bluish wochokera kunja. Prozhilka siliva wowala. Pamwamba mawonekedwe ndi osowa. Kuchokera mkati mwa pepala muli mdima wofiira. Maluwawo ndi ofiira kukula, oyera ndi pinki.
Tiger begonia
Begonia wa Tiger - yokongoletsera chomera chomera ndi masamba okongola kwambiri. Ichi ndi chomera chokhazikika, nthambi ya nthambi.
Masamba ake amakhala aakulu (mpaka mamita 7 m'litali), amawonekedwe a mtima, amaloza nsonga ndi pang'ono. Mtundu wa masambawo ndi wa azitona-brownish, womwe uli ndi zofiira zoyera, zomwe mtundu uwu uli ndi dzina lake.
Chomerachi chimakhala kutentha kutentha, koma m'nyengo yozizira muyenera "kuchepetsa digiri." Zosiyanasiyanazi sizimapangitsa kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Ndikofunikira! Musalole kuti madzi agwere pamasamba a begonias mukamamwetsa madzi.
Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, koma osati kochulukira kwambiri kuti madzi asawonongeke. Kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi choonjezera pafupi ndi mphika, mukhoza kuika chidebe ndi madzi, mchenga wouma kapena dothi lowonjezera.
Mfundo ya begonia
Nkhalangozi zimapezeka m'madera otentha a ku Africa. Mitundu imeneyi imaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imasiyanitsa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a tsamba. Masamba angakhale ozungulira, odzaza, osakanikirana ndi mtima. Masambawa ndi obiriwira, obiriwira, okhala ndi mawanga owala pamwamba.
The inflorescence ndi loyera-chikasu mu mtundu pa lotayirira tsinde. Kawirikawiri, masambawa "amatenga" gawo la mphamvu kuchokera ku chomera, kotero kuti kusungidwa kwa maonekedwe okongola a masamba, masambawo akhoza kudula mosamala.
Mitunduyi imakula bwino pamalo otentha komanso okongola. Chomeracho chiyenera kutetezedwa ku kusintha kosasuntha kwa kuwala, m'chilimwe chiyenera kuchotsedwa pa galasi lawindo, m'nyengo yozizira - m'malo mwake, iyenera kuyikidwa pafupi.
Chomeracho ndi pafupifupi wowonjezera kutentha, kotero sichikhoza kuchitika mumsewu, ngakhale m'chilimwe. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera komanso koyenera: chifukwa cha ingress ya madzi pa masamba omwe amaoneka ngati mawanga.
Dyetsani zamoyozi kuyambira nthawi ya March mpaka October kamodzi pamwezi. Mlengalenga ayenera kukhala chinyezi, koma sayenera kutsukidwa ndi utsi, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ndi bwino kuchotsa mphika kuchoka ku batri.
Matenda otchedwa begerous begonia
Begonia - imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri zapakhomo, zomwe zimapezeka pa maalumali pamasitolo a maluwa m'chaka. Nthawi zambiri, mbande zogulitsidwa kale ndi mtundu.
Ichi ndi chomera chaching'ono chaka chilichonse. Mphuno ya begonia iyi ndi yokwawa, yomwe imatchedwa "tuberous". Tsinde ndi lovuta, lobiriwira ndi pinkish tinge.
Masamba ndi ochuluka. Chitsamba chikukongoletsedwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu omwe ndi masentimita 15. Mu maonekedwe, maluwawo amafanana ndi duwa la duwa. ndipo mtundu wawo ukhoza kukhala wosiyana ndi woyera woyera mpaka wofiira, kupyola mumithunzi yonse yotentha.
Chomeracho ndi "monoecious", ndiko kuti, mumphika womwewo ukhoza kukula maluwa onse "amphongo" (ndi akuluakulu) ndi "akazi" (ali aang'ono, koma mtundu uli wowala). Ngati mwadzidzidzi mukufuna chinachake chowawa, mukhoza kuyesa maluwa a begonia, ndizodya.
Mukudziwa? Pamwamba pa tsamba begonias akhoza kukhala ngati yokutidwa ngati mulu, ndi glossy!
Pofuna kusamalira bwino, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti duwa limakonda kuwala, kutetezedwa ku malo a mphepo, chifukwa mphukira ndi yofooka kwambiri ndipo imatha kufooka.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya tuberous begonias imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi obereketsa kuti azikongoletsa minda yachisanu ndi nyumba, chifukwa ndi zosavuta kuzifalitsa.
Multicolor tuberous begonia
Mtundu uwu wa begonia umayimilidwa ndi chomera chokhala ndi maluwa awiri kapena awiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndipo amafalikira ndi masiku oyambirira m'dzinja. Maluwa akhoza kukhala alanje, ofiira, pinki kapena achikasu. Mitundu imeneyi ndi ya mitundu ya begonia yonse yomwe imapezeka maluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Mtundu wa begonia umatha kupopedwa kamodzi pamlungu ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri.
Kuti mupeze malo osiyanasiyana muyenera kusankha malo abwino, koma osati dzuwa. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa ngati chimbudzi chimatuluka, m'chilimwe ndikwanira kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata. Mukhoza kudyetsa pamene tubers ndi inflorescences amapangidwa. Amakonda dongo lapansi.Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mtundu uliwonse wa begonia udzakhala chokongoletsera cha nyumba yanu, ndipo kuyang'ana kwa chomera chokongola kukukumbutsani za chilimwe.
