Pakati pa zomera zamkati, begonia ndi mmodzi wa okondedwa kwambiri, chifukwa amadziwika ndi zokongola zake zokha, komanso ndi masamba okongola kwambiri. Koma chisamaliro cha chomerachi chimafuna zambiri, kotero pansipa tikambirana za matenda otchuka kwambiri a begonias ndi zolakwika mu kulima kwake.
Mavuto omwe ali ndi masamba a begonias chifukwa chokhala ndi mavuto osayenera ndikuwasamalira
Nthawi zambiri, mavuto ndi kukula kwa begonias amayamba chifukwa chakuti maluwawo sakuyang'anitsitsa. Zotsatira zake, amayamba kutaya kukongola kwake, amasiya kukula. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zifukwa za matendawa begonias ndizofotokozedwa pansipa.
Mankhwala a begonia azipiringa ndi owuma pozungulira
Zomwe zimachitika zimatha kukhala mmunda chifukwa cha kuuma kwazomwe zimakhalapo, pamene sizilandira chinyezi chokwanira kaya kuchokera mlengalenga kapena kunthaka. Kuti masamba atsitsidwe mwamsanga, begonia imayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kuchotsedwa pawindo lawindo ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri.
Zatsopano masamba begonias yaing'ono
Begonia - Chomera ichi, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri thanzi la nthaka. Choncho, ngakhale nthawi zonse mukuziika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yosakaniza, pafupi ndi nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo ikhoza kukhala ndi masamba atsopano.
Pankhani iyi, begonia akulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa pang'ono. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza abwino omwe amapangidwa kuti azitulutsa maluwa. Zomwe zimapangidwira ku feteleza zotere zimakhala zothandiza kwa mbeu pamasabata awiri.
Chomera chinamira, begonia masamba akuwerama
Ngati begonia yagwera, masamba ake amakhala ovuta komanso osakondweretsa, ndiye, mwina, kuchokera ku begonia ku khitchini, komwe gasi limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.
Mwatsoka, chomera ichi ndi chovuta kwambiri kwa mankhwala opaka mafuta. Chomwecho, chinthu chokha chomwe chingachitike pazochitika zotere ndicho kusuntha maluwa ena ku chipinda china, chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
Tsabola ndi zowola m'munsi mwa begonia
Kawirikawiri, mafanizidwe a chomerachi amawona kuti mizu ya begonia imavunda, koma nthawi zambiri tsinde limayamba kuvunda. Chifukwa - Izi ndi madzi ochulukirapo a zomera, chifukwa cha madzi ambiri omwe amasonkhana mu zimayambira ndi masamba.
Begonia ikhoza kuchira pokhapokha ikayikidwa pamalo okonzedwa ndi dzuwa, komanso imachepetsanso kwambiri madzi okwanira kuti dziko lapansi likhalitse pang'ono.
M'nyengo yozizira, begonia akusiya kugwa.
Ngati m'nyengo yozizira masamba a begonia ayamba kugwa ndipo amayamba kugwa, zikutanthauza kuti chipinda chimakhala chozizira kwambiri, kapena kuchokera pawindo limene mbewuyo imayimilira, mwinamwake imavutitsidwa ndi mphepo yozizira. Pofuna kuteteza zomera kuti zisawononge masamba ake onse, zithetsani kuti zikhale bwino, kapena kuti zikhale ndi mawindo.
Matenda a zokongoletsera ndi zolimba begonias
Matenda a begonia akhoza kufalikira ku zomera zina komanso ku nthaka yosauka yomwe imapezeka m'munda, kapena kuchokera ku poto yopanda matenda, kapena zida zowonongeka. Kawirikawiri izi zimabweretsa chisamaliro cholakwika.
Mphete zamkati ndi mawanga pa masamba a begonia
Tsoka ilo, ndi mawonetseredwe a chizindikiro chofanana, ndi bwino kuwononga chomeracho. Mfundo ndiyi mphete zachikasu ndi mawanga, zomwe zimayambitsa tsamba, zimasiya masamba makompyuta a ma kakompyuta.
Palibe njira yothetsera vutoli, koma tsopano ikufalikira mofulumira komanso mwakhama, choncho ngati muli nacho, yesetsani kuthetsa mwamsanga zomwe zimagawidwa.
Grey nkhungu
Grey kuvunda kapena nkhungu pa zimayambira ndi masamba a chomeracho amawoneka ngati chobiriwira ndi pang'ono pokha wa zokutira bulauni. Kawirikawiri zimakhudza osati masamba okha, komanso maluwa a begonias, chifukwa chake nkofunikira kulimbana ndi nkhungu mwamsanga.
Kuchotsa nkhungu, chomera anadwala benomyl. Kuonjezera apo, popeza nkhungu imapangidwa kawirikawiri chifukwa cha chinyezi chokwanira, ndi bwino kukonzanso chomeracho mu chipinda chouma ndi chozizira nthawi ya "mankhwala".
Ndikofunikira! Begonia amakonda malo owala omwe adzakula bwino ndikuphulika bwino. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti, mothandizidwa ndi dzuwa pamasamba ake, akhoza kutentha ndi kuwuma.
Mame a Mealy
Ngati chomeracho chavulaza matendawa, mawanga oyera ndi ufa wophika amapangidwa mofulumira pa masamba ake ndipo zimayambira. Kuletsa chitukuko cha matendawa, onetsetsani kuti yambani chomera ndi fungicides.
Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kutumiza maluwa ku mpweya wokwanira, chipinda choziziritsa, chifukwa m'mikhalidwe yotereyi, powdery mildew sizimawoneka ndipo sizimafalikira.
Black mizu zowola
Mukawona kuti mumafuna kuti begonia ayambe kukula, ndipo imayamba kutha, mukhoza kuyesa. Ngati mukukonzekera mukuwona mizu yakuda ndi yovunda, mbewuyo imakhala ndi mizu yakuda.
Kulimbana ndi vutoli kumathandizira chimodzimodzi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa benomil. Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda ngati amenewa, sungani madzi okwanira ndipo musakhale ndi nthawi yowonjezera nthaka mu mphika.
Mavuto omwe amabwera begonia begonia chifukwa cha kukula komanso kusamalidwa bwino
Pakati pa maluwa, begonia imadalira kwambiri, monga chomeracho chimafuna kuchuluka kwa zakudya zowonjezera, chinyezi ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti nyengo yowonjezera yakula. Koma kuyambira kuti begonia ndi wovuta kwambiri pankhaniyi, sikuti aliyense akhoza kuganiza zofuna zake.
Begonia sizimafalikira, masamba atsopano ndi ochepa
Kupanda maluwa ndi chitukuko chosauka - ichi ndi umboni wosowa zakudya m'nthaka. Choncho, yesetsani kubzala begonia mu nthaka yatsopano, komanso kuthira manyowa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Posakhalitsa mbewuyo idzabwerera ku kukula kokangalika ndipo idzaphuka ngakhale kunja kwa nyengo.
Masamba a begonia ndi owuma ndi owonda
Kuwumitsa kotheratu kwa masamba kumayambitsidwa ndi kukula kwa begonias mu zinthu zowuma kwambiri. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti chomerachi chikufuna kwambiri chinyezi komanso chinyezi pa mizu. Choncho, yesetsani kuti musamangodumphira mchipinda ndi begonia ndipo muzimwa madzi nthawi zonse.
Mukudziwa? Begonia ndi malo omwe amatha kusangalala ndi maluwa m'nyengo yachilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira. Koma zimakopa chidwi osati ndi maluwa okha, komanso ndi masamba okongola a pubescent, omwe angakhale ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu.
Masamba a begonia anatembenukira chikasu ndi madzi
Kawirikawiri amapezeka kuti begonias samangotaya masamba, koma amachitanso kuti azisanduka chikasu. Makhalidwe oterewa adzawonetsa kuti ndi madzi okwanira kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo amazisunga. Maluwa kuchokera ku izi angathenso kutha pang'onopang'ono ngati atatha kuonekera.
Pankhaniyi, kwa nthawi ndithu muyenera kusiya mbeu popanda kuthirira, komanso kuyisuntha pafupi ndi kutentha. Yesetsani kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso komanso kuti musadwale kwambiri begonia, zomwe zidzakuwoneka ngati masamba owuma.
Sinthasintha pansi pa zimayambira za begonia
Kutembenuka pamunsi pa zimayambira ndi zotsatira za chinyezi chochuluka. Pankhaniyi, nthaka ikulimbikitsidwa kuti iume bwino komanso m'tsogolo kuti tipewe madzi. Pazoopsa kwambiri, mukawona kuti zowonongeka zimachedwa mochedwa, chomeracho sichidzachira, choncho muyenera kuyang'ana kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Zindunkhirani pa masamba, maluwa kapena masamba a begonias
Ngati begonia imayamba kuvunda osati m'mapesi ndi m'munsi mwake, koma kuchokera masamba, maluwa komanso masamba - izi zikusonyeza kuti mwasamba maluwa nthawi zambiri, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi mfundo. Begonia ayenera kuthiriridwa mwachindunji mu mphika, chifukwa maluwa awa sadziwa momwe angamenyedwere chinyezi chochuluka ndipo amayamba kuvunda.
Matenda a kukula kwa begonia begonia
Zimakhala zosasangalatsa kwambiri kukumana ndi matenda a begonia nthawi yomwe imakhala yobiriwira, chifukwa chomera chimatayika kwambiri. Ngati panthawi yomweyi musayambe kuthetsa mavutowa, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa.
Bakiteriya wilt
Mawanga wakuda pa masamba a begonia omwe ali pachimake ndi zotsatira za matenda otchedwa mabakiteriya akufuna. 
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ikukula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono: poyamba, kumangoyamba kumene kumawoneka pamasamba, omwe, ngakhale kuti ali ochepa, amakula ndikugwirizanitsa nthawi. Patapita nthawi, mawangawa pamasamba amakhala akuda.
Chinthu chokha chomwe chingathandize kuthana ndi matenda ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa zowononga fungicidezomwe zikhoza kuchitidwa ngakhale kwa zomera zosakhudzidwa ngati njira yolepheretsa.
Ndikofunikira! Matenda aakulu a begonias ndi chinyezi chochuluka. Pa chifukwa ichi, ngakhale m'chilimwe, ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewu pokhapokha mutatha nthaka 1-1.5 cm. Mulimonsemo musalole kuti madzi asaloledwe kuima poto.
Downy mildew
Tanena kale za powdery mildew.
Komabe, palinso downy mildew, momwe masamba amadzala ndi zoyera, zofewa kwa mawanga.
Mungathe kulimbana nawo mofanana ndi ndi wamba powdery mildew - pogwiritsira ntchito njira zowonongeka.
Botrytis
Mawanga a Brown ndi akuda pa masamba a begonia, omwe amawachititsa kuti avunda, ndi matenda otchedwa botrytis. Zimakhalapo pamene maluwawo amakula mu malo osasinthasintha bwino komanso amadzaza ndi madzi.
Zoona, kusintha kwa zinthu zomwe zikukula sikutha kuthandiza begonia. Kuchotsa matendawa, chomeracho chiyeneranso Sintha Benomil.
Zirombo zazikuluzikulu za begonias: momwe mungagwirire nazo?
Koma choopsa kwambiri kwa zomera ndi tizirombo. N'zotheka ndi kofunika kuti mumenyane nawo, koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyambe kuzindikiridwa molondola kuti muthe kusankha njira yoyenera yolamulira.
Whitefly Hothouse
Zikuoneka ngati zili ndi mvula yambiri ndipo zimakhazikika pa masamba a begonia, kudyetsa madzi ake. Ngati masamba a begonia ayamba kutayika ndipo pang'onopang'ono ayamba kugwedezeka - mwakufunika kwambiri whitefly wowonjezera kutentha.
Kulimbana ndi vutoli kungakuthandizeni sopo yankho (pa 10 malita a madzi 40 g wa sopo madzi). Koma m'pofunika kuyesa bwino mbeuyi ndi njira yothetsera vutoli kuti sopo yambiri isagwe pansi pa mizu.
Mukudziwa? Begonia ikhoza kufalikira m'njira zitatu kamodzi: kudula masamba, kubereka kwa chitsamba ndi cuttings ku mphukira. Komabe, pakugwiritsa ntchito aliyense wa iwo ndi bwino kuganizira kuti zipangizozo zimangotengedwa kuchokera ku chomera chokha.
Gallic nematode
Ngati pamayambira, mizu ndi masamba anayamba kuonekera zovuta zosazindikirika ndi kupweteka - amatanthauza, kukhazikika pa begonias ndulu nematode.
Mwamwayi, nyongolotsi zazikuluzikulu zimatha kuyika mbewu, zimasiya kukula kwake komanso zimayambitsa zowola. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhala zosavuta kuti tipewe mawonekedwe a ematodes kusiyana ndi kuthetsa.
Choncho, musanadze begonias, nkofunika kuti dothi likhale ndi nthunzi kuti liphe mphutsi zonse mmenemo. Ngati nematode yadziwika kale - malo omwe akukhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo mbewuyo imathirira pamzu yankho la Heterofos 0.05-0.2%, kutsanulira pa mphika umodzi yekha 100 ml.
Snood yofewa
Ichi ndi tizilombo toopsya kwambiri, pamene chimatha pafupifupi mkati mwa mphukira, kutseka kwathunthu kukula ndi kutsogolera kuyanika kwa begonia. Pochotseratu chishango chonyenga, chiyenera kutsukidwa pamtunda ndi burashi yofewa. Adzagwiritsanso ntchito bwino kulowetsedwa kwa adyo.
Mtsuko wamagazi wofiira
Chifukwa chakuti kang'onoting'ono ka begonia kameneka kakuyambitsa matenda a begonia, adzawonetsa kukhalapo kwa intaneti yoonda kwambiri. Ngati wayamba kale kugunda, masamba ake adzakhala a marble, adzaphimbidwa ndi makutu, adzayamba kutembenuka ndipo azituluka pang'onopang'ono.
Nkhuni imapezeka pokhapokha ngati zokolola zambiri za mbeu zikuphatikizidwa ndi zomwe zili ndi begonias muzikhalidwe zabwino.
Kulimbana ndi nkhuku zoyenera mankhwala osokoneza bongozomwe ziyenera kupopera chomera chokhudzidwa. Kumbukirani kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amakonda kukhala kumbuyo kwa masamba apansi.
Aphid wowonjezera kutentha
Aphid ndi owopsa chifukwa imadya chakudya cha masamba kuchokera ku masamba a begonias, choncho, ikafala, ikhoza kuwononga mbewu mwamsanga.
Umboni umene begonia anagwidwa ndi aphid wowonjezera kutentha ndi masamba ndi opotoka, omwe angagwe pamodzi ndi masamba.
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimabereka molimbika kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kulowa mu chipinda kudzera pazenera lotseguka, chifukwa anthu ambiri amatha kuwuluka. Kulimbana ndi vutoli kungakuthandizeni mankhwalawa Actellic ndi Fufanon.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kumenyana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba mofulumira, chifukwa pokhapokha ngati iye mwiniyo amatha kuvulaza kwambiri begonias, bowa wotsitsi umathandizanso kuthetsa chidebe chake.
Leaf nematode
Mosiyana ndi ndulu nematode, tsamba limagunda kumtunda kwa mbewu. Mutha kuphunzira izi ndi nematode ndi malo obiriwira pa masamba omwe amasintha bulauni ndi nthawi.
Ndizosatheka kulimbana ndi tsamba la nematode, ngakhale poyamba spray begonia ndi yankho la Heterofos ndi ndondomeko ya 0.05-0.2%. Koma ngati zowonongeka ndizolimba - ndi bwino kuchotsa maluwa, ndipo mphikawo umakhala bwino asanayambe chomera china.
Zimatulutsa wowonjezera kutentha
Ichi ndi tizilombo tomwe tingathe kuziwona mwamsanga mutatha kukhazikitsa begonia. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa amachititsanso kuti masamba a maluwawo asawonongeke.
Thrips mtundu makamaka mwachangu pa mkulu chinyezi ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ndiko, m'chilimwe, ndipo pamene kukula begonias pafupi heaters.
Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito sopo yankho, kapena kuumirira madzi okwanira 1 litre 100 g osakaniza fodya ndi celandine.
Monga mukuonera, zimakhala zovuta kukula ku begonia, koma ngati mumaphunzira malamulo onse a kusamalidwe kwa mbeu komanso musamaligwiritse mosamala panthawi yopatsa, sizingakhale zovuta kuti muteteze mavuto onsewa. Ndipo ngati matenda aliwonse a begonia akuonekera - mumadziwa kale kuthetsa.
