Mwamwayi, zachilendo za Savoy kabichi sizitchuka ndi wamaluwa, chifukwa ambiri amaganiza kuti kukula kumakhala kovuta komanso kochita nthawi. Kodi ndi zoona, tidzakambirana m'nkhani ino.
Chikhalidwe ndi kusiyana kwa savoy kabichi
Savoy kabichi (Capitata var. Sabauda), komanso msuweni wake woyera, amachokera ku zinyama zochokera ku Western Europe ndi gawo la kumpoto kwa Africa. Amalimidwa mwakhama ku Ulaya, ndipo kawirikawiri sapezeka m'malo osungirako Soviet, ndipo makamaka m'mayumba a chilimwe okha.
Savoy kabichi ndi tastier ndi caloric kuposa woyera kabichi. Mutu wa kabichi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya, chomwe chiri ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza:
- Zowuma - 7-14%;
- shuga - 2-7%;
- mapuloteni opanda pake - 2-4%;
- mchere wamchere - 0,84%;
- Vitamini C - 20-90 mg.
Mukudziwa? Savoy kabichi ndi ofunika kwambiri mu zakudya zake kuposa woyera kabichi.
Kukula savoy kabichi kupyolera mbande
Kawirikawiri, palibe malamulo osiyana pa momwe angapangire Savoy kabichi ku dacha - ulimi wamakono ndi ofanana ndi kukula kabichi woyera. Kawirikawiri amalimidwa kudzera mbande. Ngati mbande ndi yolimba komanso yathanzi, mukhoza kuyembekezera kukolola bwino.
Pamene kubzala pa mbande
Nthawi yofesa imatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kabichi. Mitengo yoyamba yakucha m'munda wachiwiri wa March, pakati pake - kuyambira m'ma March kufikira m'ma April, mochedwa - kumayambiriro kwa April.
Zinthu zakuthambo zimaganiziranso pamene kulima mbande. Izi zimadalira nthawi yomwe mubzala mbande pamabedi. Monga lamulo, nthawi iyi ndi masiku 30-50.
Dothi la kukula mbande
Kukolola kwa kabichi ka Savoy kuti ikhale yabwino, biology yake iyenera kuganiziridwa. Choncho, kabichi iyi imasiyana mosiyana ndi kuzizira komanso kuzizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale dothi lapadera.
Kuti savoy kabichi kutchire kuti omasuka, nthaka kubzala ayenera kukhala ofewa, koma osati kumasuka. Cholinga chachikulu cha nthaka - peat - chiyenera kupezekapo kwambiri (pafupifupi 80%). 
Komanso, muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga (pafupifupi 5%) ndi nthaka (20%). Pofuna kukweza mbande ndikuonetsetsa kuti kubereka bwino, kompositi (humus osakaniza) ikuwonjezeredwa pansi. Pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya nthaka yosakaniza, ndi zofunika kuwonjezera phulusa la phulusa - lidzakhala ngati feteleza ndi chitetezo ku mwendo wakuda.
Ndikofunikira! Simungatenge nthaka kuti ikhale ndi mbeu pa siteti - pakhoza kukhala tizirombo ndi matenda omwe angathe kuwononga mbande zazing'ono.
Kupereka mankhwala
Pofuna kusokoneza mbewu za savoy kabichi, zimayikidwa mukutentha (50 ºC) madzi kwa 1/3 ora, ndiyeno mumadzi ozizira kwa mphindi ziwiri. Pambuyo pake, zitsanzo za mbeu zouma. Njirayi idzapangitsa mbeu kuti ifike mofulumira.
Ngati mbewu zogulidwa kuchokera kwa wogulitsa odalirika, ndondomekoyi siyenela kuchitika - mankhwala amatha kale. 
Pofuna kuonjezera chisanu kukana mbewu, musanabzala mbewu za Savoy kabichi kwa mbande kwa tsiku, zimadonthozidwa m'madzi ndi kutentha kwa +2 ºC. Kumera kwa mbewu zotere kumatenga zaka zitatu.
Ndikofunikira! Mtundu wapadera wa mbewu zomwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo, akuti adakonzekera kubzala.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati mutakonzekera dothi ndi mbeu, zotsatira za kubzala zidzakhala zodabwitsa. Komabe, maganizo awa ndi olakwika. Ndikoyenera kuyandikira kufesa mozama, chifukwa zimadalira kutalika kwake kwa savoy kabichi kudzafanana ndi kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana.
Mbewu za savoy kabichi ziyenera kubzalidwa mu magawo atatu ndi kusiyana kwa masiku 4. Mbewu imabzalidwa mu zitsulo kapena makapu amodzi ku 1 masentimita.
Zisanadze ndi kumaliza kufesa nthaka zimathirira madzi ochulukirapo mpaka kutuluka kwa mbande. Mbeu ikangobwera, madzi okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa.
Zinthu ndi kusamalira mbewu
Mbeu zakula bwino - chinsinsi chokolola zabwino m'tsogolomu. Pambuyo pa mphukira yoyamba (patatha masiku asanu ndi atatu), imatonthozedwa kotero kuti mtunda pakati pawo ndi 2 cm.
Chinsinsi cha mbande zamphamvu ndi kuwala koyenera. Tsiku lowala kwa mbande liyenera kukhala maola 14-15. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, nthawi isanakwane kuti igwe pansi pa Savoy kabichi, mbande ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi kuyatsa. Pachifukwachi mungagwiritse ntchito nyali yophweka ya fulorosenti. 
Imwani mbande zikhale nthawi zonse komanso pang'onopang'ono, ndikupatsanso nthawi yowonongeka. Kutentha madzi kwa madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala madigiri 2-3 mpaka kuposa kutentha kwa dothi. Sizingatheke kudutsa kapena kusefukira pansi - nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa. Pambuyo kuthirira kulikonse, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa pang'ono kuti madzi asawonongeke.
Ndikofunikira! Kutuluka kwa mnofu kungayambitse kukula kwa matenda ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu.The momwe akadakwanitsira chipinda kutentha mpaka maonekedwe a mbande ya Savoy kabichi ndi 18-20 ºC. Pambuyo pa mphukira, boma liyenera kusintha: 15-16 ºC masana ndi 8-10 ºC usiku. Kusiyana kwa kutentha koteroko sikudzasokoneza mafinya, kumapangitsa kuumitsa mbande za Savoy kabichi ndikuwathandiza kubzala pa mabedi ndi kuwasamalira iwo mtsogolo.
Monga zikhalidwe zambiri, zikumera za savoy kabichi ayenera kudyetsa. Ikuchitika mu magawo angapo:
- Atasankha - kamodzi pa sabata. Ammonium nitrate (2 g), feteleza fetashi ndi superphosphate (4 g) amasungunuka mu lita imodzi yamadzi.
Gawo ili ndikwanira kwa mbande 50-70. - 2 masabata mutatha kusankha. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimatengedwa chimodzimodzi, koma ndondomeko yawo imakula nthawi ziwiri.
- 2-4 masiku asanadzalemo poyera. Potaziyamu feteleza (8 g), superphosphate (4-5 g), ammonium nitrate (3 g), kuchepetsedwa mu lita imodzi ya madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Gawo ili ndikwanira kwa mbande 50-70.Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa kutentha, nthaka iyenera kuthirira madzi asanamwe feteleza.Chofunika kwambiri ndi kuuma kwa mbande. Kuti izi zitheke, masiku asanu ndi limodzi (8-10) musanabzala pa siteti, nkofunikira kuchita ntchitoyi:
- M'masiku awiri oyambirira ndikwanira kwa maola 3-5 kuti mutsegule zenera mu chipinda chomwe mbewuzo zimalimidwa;
- Masiku angapo muyenera kupanga mbande pamsewu, chophimba ndi gauze kuchokera ku dzuwa;
- pa tsiku la 5 mpaka 6, kuchepetsa kwa kuthirira kumafunika kuchepetsedwa, koma sikuloledwa kuti uume nthaka, ndi kuyika mbewu kunja kwa nthawi yonse musanadzalemo.
Chophika Chokha Chokha
Pambuyo masiku 7-8, pamene mbande zikukula ndikukhala ndi mphamvu, ziyenera kukwera ndi kukhala pansi pa makaseti okhala ndi mtunda wa masentimita atatu. Limbikitsani mbande kwa zidutswa zamtunduwu. 
Mbeu zabwino zisakhale ndi masamba oposa asanu. Zofooka, popanda impso zapamwamba ndi mbande zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi bowa zimatayidwa pamene mukunyamula.
Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa m'magawo osiyana (makapu) ndi chithandizo chokonzekera ndi mphamvu yofooka ya vitriol ya buluu. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena omwe angathandize kuteteza mbande ku matenda a fungal.
Mukudziwa? Mukhoza kukula mbande popanda chosankha. Pachifukwa ichi, nyembazo zimabzalidwa mitsuko kapena miphika.
Kubzala mbande za Savoy kabichi pachigamba
Mbeu zakula bwino sizomwe mukufunikira kudziwa za kulima savoy kabichi. Kuti mupeze mbewu zabwino, muyenera kuganizira malamulo a kulima m'munda.
Nthawi yobzala mbande pa chiwembu
Savoy kabichi obzalidwa pa mabedi mu Meyi (kupatsidwa nyengo, nyengo iyi ingasinthidwe). Kwa kusinthitsa kumafuna mitambo kapena madzulo.
Mbeu isanayambe kubzala pa mabedi iyenera kukhala 15-20 masentimita mu msinkhu, mdima wandiweyani, imakhala ndi mizu yabwino, osati masamba komanso masamba 4-7.
Malo a savoy kabichi
Kusankha malo abwino okulitsa kabichi ya savoy sikungowonjezera kusamalira, komanso kukuthandizani kuti mukolole bwino.
Mbande zabwino zimabzalidwa m'madera omwe kale tirigu kapena nyemba zakula. Zinyama zimakula bwino pansi pomwe nkhaka, anyezi, mbatata, beets ndi tomato zinakula. Simungathe kukula Savoy kabichi mwamsanga pambuyo pa turnips, radishes, turnips, radishes, rutabaga, cress.
Ndikofunikira! Sikoyenera kulima kabichi ya Savoy m'malo amodzi kwa zaka zoposa zitatu mzere.Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ya mbeu iyi ndi yomwe imatha kusunga chinyezi kwa nthawi yaitali (loamy, mchenga, ndale, sod-podzolic). Osayenera kulima nthaka ndi dongo lokhalapo.
Malo omwe kabichi ikulumikirako ikhale bwino ndipo ikhale yayikulu.
Nthaka yobzala idakonzedwa mu kugwa: amalima mozama ndikuyika organic (kompositi, manyowa) ndi mineral (superphosphate, potassium chloride) feteleza. M'chaka, dziko lapansi limadyetsedwa ndi ammonium nitrate kuti apange mutu wodzaza mutu pa kabichi.
Ndikofunikira! Chokoma nthaka savoy kabichi ayenera kukhala ofooka acidity (5-5.8 pH). Pofuna kuchepetsa acidity, laimu amawonjezedwa ku nthaka zaka 3-4.
Ndondomeko ndi kukhazikitsa
Malo omwe akukonzekera kubzala mbewu ayenera kuwaza ndi nthaka youma kapena manyowa omwe amamera namsongole. Amathandiza chinyezi pansi, kupereka kabichi ndi zakudya, kuteteza ku namsongole ndi kupanga mapulaneti a earthy.
Zitsime za kubzala mbande ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 40 kuchokera pamzake. Ndi bwino kubzala mbewu mowirikiza - izi zimapereka malo ambiri.
Pansi la dzenje liyenera kufanana ndi kutalika kwa kapu kapena makoma a chidebe chomwe mbande zikukula. Pafupifupi lita imodzi ya madzi imathiridwa mmenemo ndipo mbande zimabzalidwa. Pamunsi pa timapepala timene timasamba ndi nthaka.
Poyamba, kabichi wamng'ono ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa (pritenyat).
Care ndi kulima savoy kabichi
Kukula kabichi Savoy sikungabweretse mavuto ngati mukukumbukira kuti mbewu imeneyi imakonda chinyezi, kumasula nthaka, chakudya, kuwala ndi malo.
Kuthirira, kuyanika, kumasula ndi kukwera
Savoy kabichi amakonda kuthirira, koma slugs amakonda chinyezi. Choncho, sizingavomerezedwe kuthirira mbewuyi kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula.
Pambuyo potuluka, kuthirira ndi kukonkha kapena osati pamwamba kumalimbikitsidwa. Kuthirira kumayenera kumachitika pokha pazu. The ingress ya chinyezi kwa inflorescences zingachititse mucous bacteriosis, ndipo mbewu idzatayika.
Panthawi youma, ndizofunika kutseketsa mlengalenga mwa kukonkha kabichi (mphindi iliyonse pa nthawi yotentha).
Musaiwale za kumasula pamene mukusamalira kabichi la Savoy - njirayi imapangitsa oksijeni kukwaniritsa mizu. Pakuti mapangidwe ofananira nawo mizu ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse hilling. Ndipo pofuna kukula bwino muyenera kuyeretsa dera.
Mukudziwa? Pali mwambi: kabichi amakonda madzi ndi nyengo yabwino.
Feteleza
Kuti mukolole, zomwe zingadzitamande kwa abwenzi, chikhalidwe chiyenera kudyetsedwa. Organic substances (manyowa, kompositi, humus) amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga apamwamba kuvala savoy kabichi. Kaŵirikaŵiri amamera ndi phulusa.
Zakudya zimapangidwa nthawi yonseyi:
- Pakufika. Kenaka mu chitsime yikani supuni ya phulusa ndi urea.
- 2 masabata mutabzala mbande pa mabedi. Ngati kufesa kunkachitika nthawi yomweyo ndi mbewu, kukwera pamwamba kumapangidwa patatha masabata atatu. Pachifukwachi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mullein ndi urea, omwe amadzipukutira m'madzi (0,5 malita a mullein ndi 1 ora spoon ya urea pa 10 malita a madzi).
- Patatha masiku 12 mutadyetsa. Monga feteleza ntchito 2 tbsp. spoons wa nitroammofoski (NPK), kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi.
Mitengo ya nitrojeni m'nthaka imakhudza kwambiri kabichi kukula, kumathandiza kupeza mchere wambiri ndi kuimika pamutu. Ponena za kusowa kwa nayitrogeni amati yellowed m'munsi masamba, omwe amafa chifukwa chake. Ngati simungapange feteleza nthawi, mukhoza kuiwala za zokolola. Kusowa kwa potaziyamu kumakhudza mtundu wa masamba, omwe amayamba kuuma pamphepete. Potaziyamu umasowa wodzazidwa ndi potashi feteleza wothirira ulimi wothirira.Ndikofunikira! Simungathe kuwononga kabichi ka Savoy ndi feteleza phosphate - imayambitsa maluwa oyambirira.
Kuchiza ndi chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo
Inde, matenda ndi tizirombo (mbozi, mafosholo, kabichi, ntchentche, nsabwe za m'masamba) sizikuthandizira kukolola bwino, choncho muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kabichi la Savoy kuti liwoneke ndipo nthawi yomweyo yesetsani kuthetsa.
Mankhwala okonzekera kabichi sali woyamikira - Ndi bwino kuphika poizoni nokha, pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zilipo.
Choopsa kwambiri cha savoy kabichi ndi kumwa madzi, omwe amachititsa matenda monga "mwendo wakuda". Kuchiza, mukhoza kuthirira nthaka yankho "Fundazola."
Kukonza ndi kusunga savoy kabichi
Kukolola koyamba kwa mitundu yoyambirira ikhoza kukolola mu June, ndi pakatikati pa nyengo - mu August. Ngati savoy ikakula kuti isungidwe m'nyengo yozizira, mbewu yake imakololedwa chisanu chisanafike. Kotero kusungirako bwinoko kumaperekedwa. Savoy kabichi amasungidwa mochuluka kuposa woyera kabichi, kotero iyenera kusungidwa pa maalumali kapena mabokosi, yokonzedwa mumzere umodzi. Kuwonjezera moyo wa alumali, m'pofunika kukhala ndi kutentha kwa -1-3 ° C.
Monga mukuonera, kulima kabichi ka savoy sikovuta. Kungodziwa bwino ndi zochitika za chomeracho, bwino kumera mbande ndikuzisamalira nthawi zonse.
