Tunbergia imalowa mu banja la acanthaceae. Dziko lakwawo likuonedwa ngati matalala a ku Africa. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 200. Dzina la chomeracho chinali kulemekeza katswiri wa zachilengedwe wa Sweden Karl Peter Thunberg. Maluwawo ali ndi dzina lina - "maso akuda". Ndimatcha choncho chifukwa cha mtundu wa pakati pa duwa - mdima wofiirira. Khalani chomera ichi pakhomo ndi kumunda.
Tunbergia - lianovidnoe kapena shrubby chomera. Masamba ndi amphumphu, ambokosi kapena ovoid. Palinso lobedwa mosiyana ndi masamba. Amatha kufika masentimita 10 m'litali. Mitengo ina imakhala ndi masamba. Tunbergia maluwa amakwera mpaka masentimita 4 ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescences. Komanso, chomeracho chili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa, kuyambira yoyera mpaka bulauni. Amamera kuyambira July mpaka September, akukoma fungo labwino. Mu chilengedwe chake, zomera zimatengedwa kukhala zosatha, koma m'dera lathu ndi chaka ndi chaka ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo. Tunbergia amamva bwino kunyumba ndi malo obiriwira. 
Kubzala Tunbergia mbewu za mbande
Tunbergia ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, ndipo ngati mwasankha kulikula pakhomo, muyenera kukwaniritsa zinthu zosavuta kuti mukhale ndi maluwa abwino.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa
Mukhoza kuyamba kupanga mbeu ya tunbergia kumapeto kwa dzinja (February) kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika (March).
Mukudziwa? Kawirikawiri, mpesa umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kukonzekera tiyi ndi masamba awo, omwe amatchedwa apamwamba. Ndibwino kuti muthane ndi vutoli, kuphatikizapo zovuta zina.
Momwe mungakonzekerere mbeu za kubzala
Nkhumba za Tunbergia zimadziwika kuti sizinamera bwino, choncho zimayenera kuti zilowetsedwe mu Epin kukula stimulator. Izi zidzawathandiza kuti adzuke msanga komanso bwino.
Dothi: kapangidwe ndi fetereza
Dothi losakaniza liyenera kupanga kuchokera ku tsamba la mchenga ndi mchenga ndi kuwonjezera humus. Ngakhale kuti mbewuyi ili ndi zakudya zina, zimakhala bwino kuti zikhale ndi feteleza ndi kuwonjezera mchenga ndi peat. Komanso, nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira, kuwala komanso mwamsanga kudutsa chinyezi.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu
Timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito keramiki kapena mapeyala otayidwa chifukwa chodzala. Ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo. Mukamabzala tunbergia, musanayambe kutsuka, ndipo musanafese, muyenera kuthirira nthaka kusakaniza.
Choyamba muyenera kufesa mbewu mu miphika ndi peat kuzama masentimita 1.5 ndikutsanulira nthaka. Pambuyo pake, chidebecho chiyenera kutsekedwa ndi zojambulazo kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha. Choncho mphukira idzakula mofulumira. Siyani nyemba mu chidebe chotere kwa masabata 2-3. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti miphika imayenera kuwombera kuchotsa condensate.
Ndikofunikira! Penyani kuthirira, monga kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungawononge zowononga.
Mukangoona mphukira yoyamba, filimuyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa. Ngati pali ziŵerengero zambiri, onse amafunika kuthawa.
Kusamalira mmera
Mbande ziyenera kuikidwa pawindo, mawindo omwe amayang'anizana ndi kumadzulo kapena kummawa, koma ndikofunikira kupanga kuwala kosavuta, monga korona yamtengo imatha kutentha kuchokera ku dzuwa. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa tunbergia mu masika ndi chilimwe kumakhala 25 ° С. M'dzinja ndi bwino kumamatira 17 ° C. M'nyengo ya chilimwe muyenera kumwa madzi nthawi zambiri. Onetsetsani pamene mukufunikira kuthirira mbewu, mutha kuyika pamwamba pa nthaka yosakaniza. Madzi ayenera kukhala otetezeka kuteteza madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Pewani madzi osasunthika mu poto.
M'nyengo yotentha, muyenera kuwonjezera ndi kupopera madzi osungunuka pa firiji. M'dzinja ndi bwino kuchepetsa kuthirira. M'pofunika kuti manyowa azimera kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto. Izi ziyenera kuchitika milungu itatu iliyonse, feteleza mchere. Pamene masamba awiri akuwonekera, amawombera amafunika kuti azipukuta ndi kumathamanga. Zomera zamphamvu ziyenera kukhala mu thanki. Pamene mbande za tubergia zimakula mpaka masentimita 15, muyenera kuphulitsa nsonga za mbande.
Ngati mukufuna kupeza tunbergia yamphamvu ndi yamphamvu, mbande imayenera kukhala umuna kuchokera koyamba kunyamula kamodzi pa sabata ndi feteleza omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni. Ngati mukufuna kulandira mowonjezera komanso kutalika, timalangiza kuti tisamamere mbande.
Kubzala mbande za tunbergia pamalo otseguka
Mukamabzala tunbergia pa mbande, ndipo kuchokera nthawi imeneyo padatha nthawi yokwanira yopititsa patsogolo mbewu, imatha kuikidwa pamalo otseguka.
Mukudziwa? Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi zidulo zakuthambo zomwe zimapezeka mu tunbergia zimachepetsanso ukalamba, ndipo amadwala DNA maselo. Zimathandizira bwino poizoni wa zakudya, kuchiza matenda a shuga ndi matenda ena opatsirana.
Nthawi zabwino zokhalapo
Tunbergia ayenera kuthamanga pakati pa mwezi wa May, pamene mapeto a masika otsiriza adzatha. Pa nthawiyi, mbande zidzakula ndikukonzekera malo atsopano m'munda. Ndi bwino kudzala mbande za tunbergia pamalo otseguka kumayambiriro kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.
Kusankhidwa ndi kukonzekera malo kuti atsike
Tunbergia iyenera kukhala malo opanda ma drafts ndi kuwala bwino, kumadzulo, kumwera kapena kummawa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala komanso yosungunuka. Iyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zokwanira ndi mandimu. Komanso, ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino, osalowerera ndale. Nthaka imayenera kumasulidwa ndi kuberekedwa ndi humus kapena njira yapadera.
Yolani zoyenera
Mtunda wa pakati pa mabedi ukhale wosachepera 20 cm, ndipo pakati pa mabowo - 45 masentimita. Izi zimachitika kotero kuti chomera chimakula m'lifupi. Musanafike, muyenera kukhazikitsa zothandizira pogwiritsa ntchito gridi. Liana adzakula pa izo.
Kenaka mbande za tchire chokwera zimabzalidwa. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti asawononge zomera zazing'ono. Kuyala kuya - 1.5 masentimita Kenako chomeracho chiyenera kukonzedwa ndi dziko lapansi ndi pang'ono.
Mutabzala mbande ayenera kuthirira zomera ndikuphimba nthaka ndi mulch. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuchotsa udzu wokhumudwitsa. Maluwa oyambirira mungathe kuona masiku 100 mutatha kuyamwa.
Garden Tunbergia Care
Tunbergia ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, kotero ngati chodzala chiri bwino ndipo chomera chazika mizu, mukhoza kuyamba kuchiyang'anira.
Mukudziwa? Kuphatikizidwa kuchokera ku mapepala a timbergy ku Malay Peninsula amapangidwa pofuna kuchiza mavuto a khungu: zithupsa, mabala, zilonda.
Zonse zokhudza kuthirira
Tunbergia amakonda kumwa madzi okwanira, koma muyenera kumutsata. Pakati pa maluwa, chipinda chadothi sayenera kuuma, pamene masamba ayamba kugwa, ndipo duwa likhoza kuonongeka ndi kangaude. Mukangomaliza maluwa, kuthirira kuchepa. Mu chilimwe chilimwe, muyenera kupanga osati kuthirira tunbergia, komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa madzulo.
Zomwe zimadyetsa
Kuvala koyenera kumabweretsa nthawi ya budding, koma ndibwino kuti musakhale achangu. Zinthu ngati zimenezi zidzakupatsani maluwa obiriwira. Pa maluwa, muyenera kupanga feteleza mchere. Iwo amawonjezeredwa ku madzi okwanira mlungu uliwonse.
Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, mwezi uliwonse muyenera kupanga mchere wamchere feteleza panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati "mutaya" mbeu, masambawo adzakhala okongola, ndipo maluwa adzasowa.
Flower kudulira
Kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena mu February. Mukhozanso kuchita izi mutatha maluwa. Kuti chomera chitengere mawonekedwe a chitsamba, muyenera kuzungulira pamwamba.
Mitengo yaing'ono imayenera kudulidwa, ndipo akulu ndi abwino kuti asakhudze. Mukufunikira kuchotsa mphukira zofooka kapena zakuda kwambiri. Muyenera kudula pansi ndi nthawi zonse kuti mutumize kumene mukufuna.
Kudulira zomera zazing'ono kumafunika kuti kukula kwakukulu, koma izi zikhoza kuchepetsa maluwa.
Kusonkhanitsa ndi kusunga mbewu
Pamene maluwa a tunbergia adatha, mabokosi a mbewu adzawonekera pamalo awo. Ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa nthawi yomweyo asanatsegulidwe, chifukwa mbeu imatha kugwa pansi. Ndi bwino kutsegula mabokosi pamwamba pa tebulo yomwe ili ndi pepala - mbeu idzagwa. Ndiye amafunika kuti aumitsidwe ndi kusungidwa mu makatoni. Salafu moyo wa mbewu ndi zaka ziwiri.
Momwe winbergia amachitira
Ngati mukukula tunbergia pamalo omasuka, ziyenera kugonjetsedwa mu kugwa, chifukwa sizidzapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati mumera chomera pakhomo lalikulu, muyenera kumeta mphukira.
Ndikofunikira! Pa chomeracho ayenera kukhala 5 masamba.
Gawo liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la potassium permanganate. Ndi bwino kusinthanitsa mphika pamalo ozizira kumene kutentha sikudzakhala kuposa 15 ° C. Nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kuthira dothi la pamwamba. Mbewu imakhalabe m'nyumba mpaka kumapeto kwa masika. Pambuyo pake, ikhoza kutulutsidwa pa khonde, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti chomera chizolowerere kutentha. Pambuyo pake, ngalandeyi imayambitsa masamba atsopano ndipo imawombera, ndipo iyenso imayamba kuphuka poyamba kuposa nthawi yoyamba.Kuphatikizidwa kwa tunbergia ndi zomera zina ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mmaonekedwe
Tunbergia imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakukongoletsa kwa dziko. TTsono ngati chomeracho chimakula mofulumira, msewuwo ukongoletsa nsanja, chinsalu, chingwe ndikupanga chophimba chobiriwira pa chiwembucho. Pafupi tikupempha kuti tipeze ipomoea kapena asarin, poyang'ana maluwa ozungulira. Mukhozanso kukula tunbergia mu miphika. Mphukira idzakhala pansi.
Mukudziwa? Thunberg ankadziwikiratu zaka zoposa zikwi zitatu zapitazo. Zida zake zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ansembe a ku China, Malaysia, Thailand ndi Tibet. Anamenyedwa mosamala masamba a tunbergia kuti azitha kutaya magazi kwambiri. Madokotala a ku Thailand adagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi kutentha kwakukulu kapena ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi njira iliyonse.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda
Tunbergia sichimayambitsa matenda, koma pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, aphid, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi whitefly timavulaza mbewu.
- Kangaude mite Izi zimayambitsa selo. Inu mukhoza kuwawona iwo. Machada oyera ndi tsabola wofiira amawonekera pa masamba. Ndi masamba amphamvu otchedwa lasion atembenuka woyera, ndipo chomera chonsecho chimaphimbidwa ndi cobwebs. Kumapeto kwa masamba ndi mphukira, matupi a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amasonkhana, omwe amachititsa chidwi.
Aphid Mu kasupe, nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhazikika pa mphukira zazing'ono ndi pamsana wa korona. Nsabwe za m'masamba amadyetsa amadyera ndi kuwononga masamba ang'onoang'ono. Komanso nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala ndi mavairasi omwe amachititsa galls. Ndi iwo amene angatsogolere ku imfa ya tunbergia. Mungathe kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.- Shchitovka. Pa nthawi yoyamba, zimakhala zovuta kuti tizindikire tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Ndibwino kuti musapite patsogolo. Mafuta akuluakulu ndi osavuta kuona. Amawoneka ngati mawanga pa masamba, mitengo ikuluikulu ndi mphukira. Pedi amapezanso pamasamba (madzi osakaniza).
- Whitefly. Mankhwalawa ndi ochepa, koma n'zosavuta kuwazindikira, pamene akupita ku "nkhosa". Tizilombo tingathe kuwona m'munsi mwa masamba. Mphungu ndi achikulire amadyetsa zomera zowonongeka, ndipo mawanga achikasu amapezeka pa malo a kuluma. Zikhoza kutsogolera imfa ya chomera.
Aphid Mu kasupe, nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhazikika pa mphukira zazing'ono ndi pamsana wa korona. Nsabwe za m'masamba amadyetsa amadyera ndi kuwononga masamba ang'onoang'ono. Komanso nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala ndi mavairasi omwe amachititsa galls. Ndi iwo amene angatsogolere ku imfa ya tunbergia. Mungathe kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
