Powdery mildew: zofala ndi zabodza, mawonetseredwe, njira zowongolera

Powdery mildew ndi amodzi mwa matenda ambiri omwe amakhudza maluwa, masamba ndi masamba. Nthawi zina amatchedwanso bafuta kapena phulusa, pooneka ngati totupa toyera pamasamba.

Kodi ufa wowuma ndi chiyani ndi mawonekedwe ake

Matendawa ndi fungal, omwe amayambitsa mawonekedwe ake ndi erysiphous kapena powdery mildew fungi, omwe amakhala pafupifupi mitundu 700. Gawo lalikulu la mbewu limatha kutenga matenda, ochepa chabe ndi omwe amakana izi. Odwala kwambiri ndi mphesa, jamu ndi maluwa. Zomwe zimakhudzidwanso ndi powdery mildew ndi pichesi, beetroot, dzungu, ndi phala. Zizindikiro za mbewu zonse + ndizofanana, pomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasiyana. Chifukwa chake, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae amakonda ma gooseberries ndi wakuda currants, grumis ya Blumeria imatsutsa chimanga, mphesa za Uncinula necator, ndi Erysiphe cichoracearum zukini ndi nkhaka.

Chizindikiro choyamba, chowonekera kwambiri ndi kuphatikiza koyera pamasamba, petioles, mphukira zazing'ono ndi mapesi. Zinyalala zitha kuwoneka pamwamba.

Matendawa amathandizira kufinya msimba kwa mbewuyo, kuphwanya kwa photosynthesis.

Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha ufa wa powdery, ming'alu imakhazikika pamasamba omwe ma pathojeni ena amatha kulowa, zomwe zimatsogolera kukuwonekanso.

Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimakumana ndi matendawa nthawi yayitali mvula yambiri, chinyezi chambiri, komanso chifukwa cha nayitrogeni wambiri munthaka.

Kuthirira osagwira bwino kungayambitse matenda.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kunyumba kwawo amadziwitsa: malamulo apamtundu wonse wolimbana ndi powdery mildew

Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira zikapezeka, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbali zomera za chomera. Mukatha kuchiritsa tchire lomwe linali ndi matenda komanso dothi lomwe lawazungulirani ndi fangayi, izi zitha kupewa kupitirira kwa bowa.

Pankhani ya matenda azomera zapakhomo, mankhwalawo ndiwofanana ndi malo otseguka, kupatulapo chinthu chimodzi. Mukachotsa ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, dothi lapamwamba liyenera kuchotsedwa mu chidebe chomwe chikhalidwecho ndi chachikulire, popeza mumakhala fumbi. M'malo mwake, kutsanulira watsopano ndipo umachiritsidwa kale ndi fangayi, monga mmera womwewo.

Werengani nkhani yokhudza kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala a Powoy Powus on zomera zakunyumba.

Monga njira yodzitetezera, muyenera kutsatira mosamala malamulo osamalira duwa.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa powdery mildew ndi downy mildew

Powdery powdery mildew imakula pamtunda, matendawa akamakula, choyamba chimakwirira mbali yakunja, kenako mbali yamkati (nkhungu imawoneka ngati ufa). Masamba amawongoka, koma osagwa. Downy mildew nthawi zonse imayamba kuchokera pansi, mkati mwa imvi, nkhungu ya imvi imawoneka kuchokera pansi, ndipo chikwangwani chachikasu kapena chofiirira kuchokera pamwamba. Masamba sawuma pang'ono, amakhala oderera, ndimdima kenako ndikugwa.

Powdery mildew pamasamba

Matendawa amakhudzanso masamba, monga tidanenera pamwambapa, makamaka bowa ngati beets ndi maungu.

Nkhaka

Powdery hlobo pa nkhaka amathandizidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira za fungicidal (Topaz, Oksikhom). Zithandizo za Folk ndizoyeneranso, mwachitsanzo, 1 lita imodzi ya kefir kapena mkaka wowawasa mu ndowa, yokonzedwa katatu konse. Kuphatikiza pa yankho ili, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa sulufule molingana ndi 30 g pa 10 m col, colloidal 30 g pa ndowa imodzi ndiyothandiza.

Mwa njira zina zoyendetsera: kulowetsedwa kwa mullein, marigolds, njira zothetsera m'madzi a potaziyamu permanganate, koloko ndi sopo. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, kuphatikizapo zikhalidwe za anthu, patsamba lanu.

Tomato

Tomato wowonjezera kutentha nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa. Pofuna kupewa matenda, kupha tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ndikofunikira.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amadziwoneka pa gawo lobzala mbewu za mbande, pomwe masamba amayamba kuuma m'mphepete. Nkhondoyo si yosiyana ndi nkhaka.

Zukini

Njira zowonjezera zofunika kwambiri. Chotsani masamba onse omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndikukumba dothi mozungulira. Pambuyo pake, sansani malowa ndi yankho la phulusa la koloko kapena ndi mankhwala Kefalon, Karboran.

Biringanya

Mutha kuwononga matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito phulusa la soda kapena fungicides. Zimatenga 4-5 kupopera, osachepera.

Uta

Nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi Downy mildew (peronosporosis). Nthawi zambiri, chotupa chimayamba kunja kwa chobiriwira chobiriwira, ndipo chabodza, mkati.

Zabodza zimanyamulidwa ndi mphepo, kapena kudzera mumvula yamvula. Komabe, zikhalidwe za chitukuko chake ndizofanana ndendende ndi wamba. Ndi matenda, mutha kuthana ndi chiwonongeko cha mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndikuthira ndi yankho la sopo kapena sulfate yamkuwa, ndi kuwonjezera kwa sopo. Momwe mungakonzekerere koyamba: tengani malita 10 a madzi otentha (chidebe), onjezani 100 g ya sopo yochapira, ndikuikuta pa grater, 2 tbsp. supuni ya soda, chipwirikiti. Utsi 3 pa tsiku, nthawiyo imakhala sabata.

Nandolo

Masamba ndi zimayambira zachikhalidwecho zimakhudzidwa, mawonekedwe oundana oyera amawonekera pamtunda.

Matendawa amakula msanga m'malo otentha komanso chinyezi chambiri.

Njira zopewetsedwera zimakhazikitsidwa kale.

Pachizindikiro choyamba chogonjetsedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito kwa Energen kumakhala kothandiza. 1 m² wa malo owazidwa ndi lita imodzi yothanirana: madontho 10 a mankhwalawa 50 ml ya madzi. Onetsetsani kuti mubwereza pambuyo pa sabata ndi theka.

Dzungu

Monga nandolo, masamba ndi zimayambira zimatengedwa ndi matendawa. Ngati chikwangwani choyera chikachitika, chotsani mbali zina zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Monga njira yothanirana, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi fungicides kapena wowerengeka azitsamba kumalimbikitsidwa.

Powdery mildew control pa zitsamba ndi mitengo

Nthawi zambiri amakhudza kukula kwa ufa wa zitsamba ndi mitengo.

Currant

Simungazengereze ndi chithandizo, chifukwa mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe tchire lonse, ndipo mwina omwe ali chapafupi, lidzakhala ndi kachilombo.

Kumenyera ndikuchotsa kwakanthawi ziwalo zopatsirana, kenako kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi fungicides. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wowerengeka azitsamba, koma pokhapokha mutadziwa mawonekedwe onse a mbewu, apo ayi kuthekera kwa matenda ena ndikotheka.

Jamu

Zomwe zilidi ndendende ndi omwe akupatsirana. Monga njira za wowerengeka, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kefir, phulusa la nkhuni ndi ndowe, phulusa la koloko limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakati pa mankhwala, Haupsin ndi wotchuka kwambiri.

Mphesa

Matendawa omwe mphesa zimagwera amatchedwa oidium, amatanthauza ufa wa powdery. Zizindikirozo ndizofanana ndendende ndi matenda oyamba, amakula pamtenthe komanso chinyezi.

Zomenyera nkhondo sizisiyana. Kuchotsa kwakanthawi masamba owoneka ndi kachilombo, mankhwalawa. Kukumba dothi moyenera kumalimbikitsidwanso.

Strawberry

Kugunda kwa mabulosiwa kumaonekera m'mphepete mwamaso a masamba, omwe amapeza mawonekedwe amkuwa, zotupa zoyera ndi fungo la nkhungu zimawonekera.

Monga njira yodzitetezera, muyenera kutsatira malamulo aulimi. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti ufeze mbewuyo ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa sulufule ya colloidal (1% yankho). Izi zitha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati maluwa atha, kapena mutakolola.

Ngati kupewa sikuthandizira, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga Fundazole, Topaz.

Mtengo wa apulo

Kusiyana kwazomera zina ndikuti zikagwidwa, mtengo wa apulo sufa, koma umataya 50% mu zokolola, komanso, kukoma kwa chipatso kumapitirira. Zotsatira zoyipa ndizoletsa kutentha pang'ono.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, yankho labwino kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa la sopo, lomwe liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi sopo. Sungunulani 50 magalamu mu malita awiri amadzi, ndiye onjezerani malita 10 (chidebe) ndikuwonjezera sopo 10 g. Colloidal sulfure (30 g pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi) ndilabwino. Nthawi zonse - katatu patsiku masiku atatu aliwonse.

Powdery mildew m'minda yamaluwa

Oimira odabwitsa m'mundawo sanathawe vutoli.

Phlox

Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zapezeka, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba omwe amakhudzidwa nawo. Ndi chigonjetso champhamvu, ikani chitsamba chonse. Spray mbewu zapafupi kapena duwa limakhalabe ndi yankho la sulufule ya colloidal (20-30 g pa ndowa imodzi).

Maluwa

Zizindikiro ndikukhazikitsidwa kwamasamba, mapangidwe azinthu zozungulira.

Matendawa sangalole maluwa kukula mtsogolo, ndipo pamapeto pake adzawaononga. Ngati zizindikiro zikapezeka, ndikofunikira kupopera ndi mayankho omwe amadziwika kale. Mwatsatanetsatane: powdery mildew pa maluwa: kufotokozera ndi njira zowongolera

Monga njira yolepheretsa, sinthani dothi lozungulira maluwa oyera bwino momwe mungathere. Sipayenera kukhala ndi namsongole.

Petunia

Matendawa amakhumudwitsa mapangidwe a zowola, zomwe zimapangitsa kufa kwamaluwa mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro ndi zofanana - zotupa yoyera. Njira zomenyera nkhondo - kuchotsa ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa opulumuka, kukumba mokwanira nthaka.

Ziwawa

Maluwa amatengeka kwambiri ndi matendawa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuoneka kwa bowa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochuluka za nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kupenda kaye bwinobwino, kenako ndikupanga feteleza yemwe amathandiza kukhazikitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana za m'nthaka.

Powdery mildew pazomera zamkati

Zomera zam'nyumba sizikhala pachiwopsezo chocheperapo kuposa zomwe zimabzalidwa panthaka. Komabe, kwa iwo, kuthana ndi kudwala kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Ziwawa mu ufa wa ufa

Mukazindikira zizindikilo, muyenera kuyamba, monga nthawi zonse, kuchotsa ziwalo zonse zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka, kenako ndikumawaza opulumuka. Mukachotsa dothi lapamwamba mu thankiyo, momwe limakulirakulira, bowa ulipo.

Ikani zatsopano, zotetezedwa ndikuthira manyowa m'malo mwa oyeretsedwa.

Komabe, nthawi zina, kuti mbewuzo zitheke mu dothi lina zidzafunika ngati matendawo atakula kwambiri.

Monga prophylaxis, ndikofunikira kulipira chidwi kwambiri kuthirira. Kutsanulira ndiye njira yofala kwambiri ya powdery mildew. Mpweya wonyowa kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni nawonso sizovomerezeka. Komabe, zikuwonekeratu kuti mbewu zonse ndizosiyana, ndiye ingotsatira malingaliro olimbikitsira duwa lanu.

Downy khosi

Uwu ndi mtundu wa matenda. Imapezeka nthawi zambiri pamasamba.

Nkhaka

Nthawi zambiri imadziwonekera mu Ogasiti, pomwe kutentha kwa usiku kumatsikira kufikira otsika pang'ono. Chifukwa cha izi, mafomu a condensation, omwe, ndi njira yoyenera kufalitsira spores yosafunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous m'nthaka kungayambitsenso matendawa.

Uta

Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yolimbana nayo (Valentiy, Orion, Sputnik, Grouse).

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikaonekera, ndikofunikira kupatula feteleza wophatikiza ndi nayitrogeni. Chepetsani kuthirira kuti mupewe kuthekera kw kubereka kwina. Spray ndi 1% Bordeaux madzimadzi. Mutha kudya anyezi masiku 20. Mukakolola, thirani dothi ndi fungicides.

Ndewu ndikuchotsa zowonongeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito fungicides ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Thandizo lalikulu:

• zopangidwa mkaka (mkaka wowawasa, kefir, yogati) m'chiyerekezo cha 1:10 ndi madzi ozizira;
• nkhuni phulusa mankhwala (50 g pa 1 sq. m) kamodzi pa sabata;
• udzu wothira, kuthira theka chidebe cha namsongole ndi madzi otentha, kusiya kwa masiku 2-3, kupsinjika, kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Mpendadzuwa

Wothandizirana ndi causative ndi Plasmopara halstedii. Matendawa amakhudza kakulidwe, mpendadzuwa atasiyira dongosolo lakupsa, mizu yake yasiya kukula. Nthawi zambiri izi zimabweretsa kuimfa, koma ndizotheka kuti mbewuyo imaphuka, koma zoyipa.

Pomenya nkhondo pogwiritsa ntchito fungicides.

Mphesa

Pankhani ya mphesa, chilichonse ndi chachikulu. Ngati mulibe chidwi ndi kukomoka kwa nthawi, izi zitha kuchititsa kuti munda wonse wamphesa ukhale. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchita pafupipafupi njira zodzitetezera, ngakhale kuti palibe zizindikiro.

Maluwa

Pa maluwa, matendawa amakula mwachangu kwambiri, tsiku lenileni amatha kuwonongeka kosatha. Monga othandizira, mayankho monga Thanos, Previkur ndi Ridomil amalimbikitsidwa.

Zomera zamkati

Chizindikiro ndikuwonekera kwa mawanga achikaso pamasamba, kuchepa.

Kuti tipewe izi, mbewu ziyenera kuthiridwa hydrothermally musanabzalidwe. Ngati mankhwala, chitani gawo 5 kupopera mankhwalawa ndi yankho la 1% Bordeaux madzimadzi kapena fungicidal kukonzekera.