Pali matenda ambiri a yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri, omwe amapereka njira zenizeni za kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda. Moniliasis kapena monilial burn ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha fungal spores.
Matendawa amapezeka m'madera ambiri ku Eurasian continent ndipo pafupifupi mtengo uliwonse wa chitumbuwa kapena chitumbuwa umakhudzidwa kamodzi.
Mtengo umawoneka wotenthedwa, maluwa, masamba ndi masamba obiriwira amauma. Choncho, timalingalira mwatsatanetsatane kufotokoza kwa moniliasis wa yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri, momwe angachitire.
Kufotokozera ndi zofunikira
Moniliasis ndi matenda a fungal omwe amatchedwanso imvi zowola ndipo amakula motsogoleredwa ndi bowa. Nthawi zambiri Monilioz amakhudza mitengo yamatabwa ndi miyala. 
Mtundu wapatali wa mankhwalawa, womwe unali chifukwa cha zipatso zamwala, ndi Monilia cinerea.
Zotsatira za kukhala ndi moniliosis zingapangitse imfa ya mbewuyo, ngati si nthawi yoti atenge ndondomeko yoyendetsa yamatcheri. Ngati mtengo umakhudzidwa ndi matendawa, maluwa ndi mungu zimatha kuchedwa.
Posachedwapa, moniliosis yakhala ikukula, yomwe ikukhala yovuta kuchiritsa, ngati mbali zonse za mmera zikanakhoza kufa, tsopano bowa ikhoza kuwononga mtengowo.
Mukudziwa? Cherry m'Chilatini imamvekanso monga Prunus Cerasus ndipo mwina dzina limeneli limachokera ku mzinda wa Kerasund, womwe uli ku Asia Minor. Pali nthano yakuti ankhondo achiroma adadya zipatso zokoma za mitengo ya chitumbuwa ndikuwaitcha kuti kerasunt.
Zizindikiro za maonekedwe
Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, ndikofunika kuti tisiyanitse zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa.
Pakati pawo pali maonekedwe:
- zipatso zochepa;
- masamba osapitirira theka pa nthambi;
- nthambi zowonongeka ndi zakuda;
- Malo otetezeka pa mphukira za zaka zitatu kumene fungal spores ndi hibernated.
Mitengo ikuluikulu ili ndi malire omveka bwino pamene mbali yathanzi ndi matenda yawoneka. Kumene bowa limakhala pansi, kuyanika kumachitika, kuzizira kwa mbali zina za zomera. 
Zimayambitsa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, wothandizira matendawa ndi bowa, omwe nthawi zambiri amamera chomera pamaluwa. Zomera zachisanu zimapezeka pazigawo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zomera, komanso pa zipatso zakugwa, zomwe zimakhala zochepa.
Pamene zomera zimayamba kuphulika kwambiri, mycelium imayamba kuphulika ndi kugwa pamphepete ndi ovary kale. Chitsamba chodwala chingathe kupyolera mu impso.
Kugonjetsedwa kwa maluwa kumapezeka pamtunda wotsika, pafupifupi -2 ° C, ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa ovary pa -0.5 ° C. Momwemonso zinthu zabwino zokhudzana ndi kubereketsa kwa bowa zimatengedwa kuti ndi mvula yambiri, zowonjezera zowonjezera komanso chivundikiro cha mame nthawi zonse maluwa. Pali chiopsezo cha matendawa pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira.
Moniliasis amadziwonetsera mwa mitundu iwiri: zipatso zowola ndi monilial kutentha. Zipatso zowononga zipatso zowonongeka, zikagwa, zimakhala chitukuko cha moniliosis chaka chamawa.
Kutentha kwa moniliac kumawoneka pa zomera chifukwa cha kulowera kwa bowa ku mabala a mtengo, omwe angakhoze kuchitika motengera tizilombo.
Mitundu yotsutsa
Pofuna kuteteza munda wanu ku maonekedwe a matenda a fungal, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula mitundu yamatcheri omwe sagwirizana ndi moniliosis.
Zina mwa izo ndizofika: 
Onani mitundu yamatcheri monga "Vladimirskaya", "Black Large", "Kharitonovskaya", "Morozovka", "Uralskaya Ruby", "Turgenevka", "Lyubskaya", "Chernokorka", "Izobilnaya", "Mayak".Pakati pa yamatcheri omwe amatha kulimbana ndi bowa, ndizotheka kusiyanitsa kukwera kwake:
- Sasha;
- South;
- Maca;
- Chodula;
- Osokoneza;
- Mphatso ya kuchuluka;
- Chotsani dzuwa;
- Valery Chkalov.
Kuchiritsa ndi kumenyana
Popeza nthawi zambiri wamaluwa osadziŵa zambiri amatenga zowononga masamba ouma ndi maluwa, pokhulupirira kuti izi zachitika chifukwa cha nyengo, amasowa nthawi yamtengo wapatali, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsogolera ku imfa yomaliza yamatcheri kapena yamatcheri okoma.
Nthawi yomwe maluwawo agwa kwathunthu, chokhacho chimayamba kugwa, amawonedwa kuti amataya nthawi yokonzekera, ndiko kuti, ngati mutayamba kusamalira mbewu mutatha kuyembekezera zizindikiro zoterozo, zotsatira zake sizitha kukhazikitsidwa ndipo chomeracho chidzawononga bowa lomwe lafika pachimake cha mthupi.
Choncho, kumenyana ndi moniliosis yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri amayenera kuyamba mwachangu pachimake cha maluwa, pamene matendawa akuyamba kukula. Mukawona masamba oyambirira ndi zouma - ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito. N'kutheka kuti tidzataya gawo la zokolola, koma zina zonse zidzasungidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kumadalira nyengo.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mankhwalawa atakhala opanda mphamvu, owuma ndi ofunda, ndiye kuti mutha kupopera mankhwala opopera mankhwala. Ngati mupanga kukonza ndi mvula, ndiye, mwinamwake, palibe zotsatira zabwino zomwe zidzachitike, ndipo bowa lidzapitirizabe kukula.
Izi ziyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati chomeracho chapangitsa bowawu, ndiye kuti zipatsozo zikagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa zatha kale ndipo sizidzasungidwa mwatsopano. Zingakhale bwino kuzigwiritsa ntchito popanga compotes kapena jams.
Mankhwala
Mankhwala amachimake a monilial amayaka yamatcheri a mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitidwa musanafike masamba a mtengowo ndikuyamba kuphulika komanso panthawi imene akulowa.
Panthawi ino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze korona wa nkhuni Bordeaux madzi, 3% yankho. Ndiyeneranso kuyera ndi mitengo yodula ya mitengo, yomwe imaphatikizapo pang'ono mkuwa ndi sulphate. 
Pambuyo pa maluwa a chitumbuwa, nkofunikira kupanga korona ya mitengo yomwe ili ndi 0.4% yothetsera Zineba.
Ngati simunapangitse chitumbuwa musanayambe maluwa, muyenera kuchita izi pamene mukuphuka masamba, "Topsin-M" - 1% yankho. Mankhwalawa samapangitsa manyazi ndi pistils a masamba, chomwe chiri chofunikira kwambiri popanga mazira.
Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa n'kotheka kwa mankhwala otsatira. Nthawi yomwe kupopera mankhwala akulimbikitsidwa ndi masabata awiri, mukhoza kuchita mankhwala ena awiri.
Mankhwalawa ayenera kupitilizidwa: "Zineb", "Kuprozan", sulphate yachitsulo.
Pamene masamba ayamba kutembenuka ndipo nthawi yomweyo mtengo utatha, ndi bwino kupopera zomera pa nthawi ya masabata awiri. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito "Cupid" ndi "Horus". Mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi malangizo pa phukusi. 
Ngati mukulima mitundu yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ikutsutsana ndi moniliosis, pamene zomera zimayamba kuphulika kwambiri, sizivomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala processing nyengo ino.
Ndikofunikira! Kudya zipatso kuchokera ku mankhwala amatha kukhala mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa mankhwala otsiriza.
Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe
Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi njira yabwino yothandizira zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa pa mapangidwe ndi kucha zipatso, pamene mankhwala osakanizidwa sakuvomerezeka.
Chikondi chimaperekedwa kwa:
- "Fitosporinu-M". Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi panthawi imene mtengowo wapha, komanso panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito ovary. Pa mlingo womwewu umalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa 40ml pa 20 malita a madzi.
- "Fitolavinu". Mapangidwe akuchitika mu magawo: maluwa, pamene mtengo umatha, mapangidwe a ovary. Monga njira yowonetsera, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza pamene zipatso zimayamba kucha. Mlingo: 40 ml ya mankhwala pa malita 20 a madzi.
Njira zothandizira
Kuti mitengo isadwale ndi monilioz, ndi bwino kugula mitundu yosagonjetsedwa. Ndifunikanso kulingalira mfundo zotsatirazi pa chisamaliro cha mbeu, zomwe zidzateteza kupezeka kwa matenda a fungus mumtengo wamtengo wapatali:
- Zomera zimayenera kukhala pamtunda wokwanira, kuti mpweya usapitirire komanso mitengo siidakumane.
- Zolinga zaulimi ndizofunikira kusankha pamtunda, kotero kuti mlingo wa madzi apansi sunali oposa 1.5 mamita kuchokera kumtunda kwa nthaka.
- Derali liyenera kuyatsa bwino kuti chinyezi chiziyenda mofulumira.
- Ziyenera kukhala panthawi yake kudulira ndi kupukuta kwa korona ndi kubwezeretsa zomera zakale.
- Yesetsani kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mitengo pamtengo.
- Panthawi yake chotsani namsongole ndi mphukira kuchokera kumalo kumene zomera zimakula.
- Kuti chomeracho chikhale ndi chitetezo cholimba komanso kulimbana bwino ndi bowa, nkofunika kuti nthawi zonse manyowa ndi madzi nthaka.
- Kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndikofunikira kukonzanso mbali zouma zokhudzana ndi mitengo. Komanso tcherani khutu ku malo omwe akufa a makungwa ndipo muwayeretseni panthawi yake kuti musamangidwe ndi kukula kwa bowa.
- Ngati mwapeza mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi moniliosis, muyenera kudula ndi kuziwotcha nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunika kudulidwa ndi kugwidwa kwa gawo labwino la mbeu ndi masentimita 15.
Mukudziwa? Bowa sungakhoze kukhalapo popanda chokha. Ayenera kuti azidyetsedwa nthawi zonse ndi magulu ena, choncho nthawi zambiri amasokoneza zomera. Chitsanzo cha zochitika zoterezi ndi kuperewera kwa bowa Monilia cinerea pa mitengo ya chitumbuwa ndi yamtengo wapatali.
Moniliosis yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri ndi matenda akuluakulu a fungal omwe angathe kukuchokerani popanda mbewu, ndipo nthawi zina amataya mtengo wokha.
Kuti monilioz asakhudze mbeu yanu, muyenera kutsatira njira zothandizira. Ndipo polimbana ndi matendawa nkofunika kuti muzitha kuchiza nthawi yeniyeni ndi mankhwala ndi zamoyo.
