Gypsophila (gipsophila) - mbewu ya herbaceous mu banja la clove. Zolemba ndi zodziwika bwino zimapezeka. Kuchokera ku Latin limamasuliridwa kuti "laimu wachikondi". Kwawoko - Kumwera kwa Europe, Mediterranean, Asia osakhala otentha. Wopezeka ku Mongolia, China, Siberia ya kumwera, mtundu umodzi padzikoli. Chimakula m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, mitengo yowuma. Amakonda dothi lamiyala lamchenga.
Gypsophila ndi wopanda ulemu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi wamaluwa kukulira pabedi lamaluwa. Mankhwala achikhalidwe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati expectorant komanso anti-kutupa.
Kufotokozera kwa gypsophila, chithunzi cha maluwa
Gypsophila (Kachim, tumbleweed) ndi shrub kapena shrub wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 20-50 masentimita, mitundu yamtundu umodzi imafikira mita kapena kupitirira. Chimaletsa chilala, chisanu. Tsamba ndi loonda, pafupifupi lopanda masamba, nthambi, zowongoka. Masamba osalala ndi ang'ono, obiriwira, oval, lanceolate kapena scapular, 2-7 cm kutalika, 3-10 mm mulifupi.
Maluwa amatengedwa mu panicle inflorescence, ochepa kwambiri, osavuta komanso awiri, omwe maluwa akutulutsa amadzaza chomera. Phale ili yoyera kwambiri, yobiriwira, yapinki imapezeka. Zipatsozo ndi bokosi la mbewu. Mizu yamphamvu imapitilira 70 cm.
Gypsophila mantha, zokwawa, zokongola ndi mitundu ina
Pafupifupi mitundu 150 yazomera imawerengeredwa, si onse omwe amabzala ndi wamaluwa.
| Gwiritsani ntchito | Onani | Kufotokozera /Masamba | Maluwa /Nthawi ya maluwa |
| Kuphatikiza maluwa. | Zabwino | Cholimba kwambiri pachaka pachaka, chitsamba chimakula mpaka 40-50 cm. Ang'ono, lanceolate. | Ang'ono, oyera, oyera pinki, ofiira. Midsummer, osati motalika kwambiri. |
| Pangani zigawo zamiyala, m'malire. | Zokwawa | Kalulu, wokhala ndi mphukira zokwawa. Wamng'ono, wopapatiza-lanceolate, emarodi. | Pinki yowala, yoyera. Kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka Julayi, mitundu ina imagweranso. |
| Kukongoletsa makoma, malo amiyala, pamabedi amaluwa, odulira maluwa. | Mantha (paniculata) | Tchire loyambira limafikira masentimita 120, osatha, nthambi zambiri kumtunda. Yopyapyala, yaying'ono, imvi yobiriwira. | Choyera ngati chipale, chapinki, choyera. Kutulutsa mu Julayi mpaka Ogasiti. |
| Amakongoletsa miyala yamiyala, kapinga, minda yamiyala. | Paphesi | Kukula mpaka 10 cm. Grey, ovoid. | Ang'ono, oyera, ofiirira omwe amakhala ndi burgundy mitsempha, yokutidwa ndi mulu. Meyi mpaka Okutobala. |
| Zosanja maluwa, maluwa. | Chipale chofewa | Nthambi yamphamvu kwambiri, mita imodzi, kutalika, kupindika. | Woyera, terry, theka-terry. Julayi-Ogasiti. |
| Zodulira ndi zofunda zamaluwa, mabedi amaluwa, malire. | Pacific (pacific) | Kufalikira chitsamba mpaka 80 cm, kumawombera nthambi zambiri. Chikhalidwe chautali, koma amakhala zaka 3-4. Grey-buluu, wandiweyani, lanceolate. | Chotuwa chachikulu, cha pinki. Ogasiti-Seputembala. |
| Kwa minda. | Terry | Mtambo wachikale, wamtambo wokhala ngati chitsamba. | Zing'onozing'ono, zoyera ngati chipale. Juni-Julayi. |
| M'mabasiketi opachikika, maluwa, pamayala a Alpine. | Galasi | Pachaka, imakula mpaka 40 cm. Ang'ono, lanceolate. | Pinki. Julayi-Ogasiti |
| Wokongola pakupachika maluwa miphika, maluwa. | Khoma | Chitsamba chofalikira pachaka mpaka 30 cm. Wobiriwira wowala, wokhazikika. | Wapinki wapinki, oyera. M'chilimwe ndi kugwa. |
| M'mapiri okhala ndi miyala, m'malire, m'maluwa. | Chipale chofewa | Zosiyanasiyana Zodandaula. Tchire loyambira mpaka 50 cm. Zobiriwira zowala. | Chachikulu, chotchinga, choyera. |
Malamulo oyambika poyera
Mukabzala panthaka, lingalirani za maluwa osiyanasiyana kuti mudziwe mtunda pakati pa mbande. Tsambali limasankhidwa louma, lowunikira, popanda kuyandikira kwa madzi apansi panthaka. Ngati ndi kotheka, pangani laimu (50 g pa 1 sq. M). Pakati pa mbewu, nthawi zambiri imayimirira 70 cm, mizere 130 cm. Nthawi yomweyo, khosi lozika silimilira, kuthiriridwa.
Mbewu
Mbewu pachaka zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Mphutsi zimatha kufalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa, mbande. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika kumapeto kwa yophukira pabedi lapadera (losinthika) patali pakati pa mizere 20 cm, ndikuzama mwakuya masentimita 2-3. Mbewu zimawonekera patatha masiku 10, zimadulidwira kunja kwa mtunda wa masentimita 10. Mu April, mu Epulo ndi Meyi koyambirira, zimabzalira pamalo osatha.
Kudula
Mitundu ya zokwawa imafalitsidwa ndi odulidwa. Pambuyo pa maluwa kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mphukira zimadulidwa, kuthandizidwa ndi heteroauxin, ndikuyiyika mu gawo lotayirira ndi choko, chozama ndi 2 cm, yokutidwa ndi filimu, kuchotsedwa mutazika mizu. Kutentha kumafunika +20 ° C, masana maola 12 popanda kuwongolera dzuwa. Masamba enieni awiri atawonekera, amabzala pabedi lamaluwa.
Njira yodzala
Kusakaniza kwa dothi kwa mbande kumaphatikizidwa ndi dothi lamchenga, mchenga, laimu. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika, njere zimayikidwa mu chidebe kapena mbewu iliyonse mu chikho chosiyana ndikuya kuya kwa masentimita 1-2. Mphukira zimawonekera patatha masiku 10, zimafupika ndikusiya mtunda wa masentimita 15. Mbewu zimapereka kuwala kwa maola 13 mpaka 14, m'mwezi wa Meyi zimayikidwa pamalowo, zikuwona mtunda: 2-3 tchire pa 1 sq. m
Zosamalidwa
Mkate wa gypsum (dzina lina) ndi wopanda ulemu komanso wosavuta kusamalira. Kuchuluka kwambiri kumangoyendera tchire tating'ono, koma popanda chinyezi. Akuluakulu - monga dothi likamuma.
Thirirani duwa pansi pazu mu nyengo yotentha ndi yotentha, osagwera masamba, zimayambira. Amadyetsedwa nthawi 2-3 ndi mchere, kenako zosakanikirana zamagulu. Mullein angagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma osati manyowa atsopano.
Nthaka pafupi ndi tchire imafunikira udzu ndi kumasulidwa, pakugwa kuti apange feteleza wa phosphorous-potashi.
Kuti chitsamba sichitsamira mbali iliyonse, pangani chithandizo chomwe sichingaoneke bwino ngati maluwa ambiri.
Zosatha maluwa obzala atatha maluwa
Mu nthawi yophukira, gypsophila ikafota, mbewu imasonkhanitsidwa ndipo chomera chimakonzekera nthawi yachisanu.
Kutolera mbewu
Pambuyo pouma, bokosi-la bokosi limadulidwa, louma mchipindamo, mbewuzo zimachotsedwa zikauma, zosungidwa m'matumba a pepala. Kumera kumapitirira kwa zaka ziwiri.
Zisanu
Mu Okutobala, chaka chilichonse chimachotsedwa, ndipo zipatso zimadulidwa, ndikusiya masentimita atatu kutalika kwa 5 cm. masamba ophukika, nthambi za spruce zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobisalira kuzizira kwambiri.
Kulima kwa gypsophila kunyumba
Mitundu ya zokwawa zomwe zimamera ngati mbewu zochulukirapo zimakonda kunyumba. Mbande zimayikidwa mumiphika yamaluwa, maluwa owaza maluwa, muli 15-20 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Gawo lapansi limasankhidwa lotayirira, lopepuka, lopanda acid. Pansi pake, ngalande mu mawonekedwe a dongo lokulitsidwa ndi masentimita 2-3.
Gypsophila ikafika msentimita 10-12, nsonga zimapindika. Madzi pang'ono. Amayikidwa pazenera lakumwera, nthawi yozizira imasowa maola 14, chifukwa kuunikira kowonjezeraku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha kwa maluwa ndi +20 ° C.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zomera sizigwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, koma mosasamala, gypsophila imatha kuthana ndi matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi:
- Gray zowola - mbale zamasamba zimataya zotanuka, zofiirira, kenako mawanga amtundu wofundira ndi fluffy amapangidwa m'mphepete. Imathandizira Fitosporin-M, Bordeaux madzimadzi. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa.
- Dzimbiri - mafupa ofiira, achikaso amitundu ndi mitundu yayikulu. Njira ya photosynthesis imasokonekera, duwa silikula. Amathandizidwa ndi Oxychrome, Topaz, Bordeaux madzi.
- Nyongolotsi - zotayirira, zofunda zokutira pa mbewu, malo owuma. Lemberani Aktara, Actellik.
- Nematode (roundworms) - tizirombo timadyera madzi a chomera, masamba azipindika, kutembenukira chikasu, kukhala ndi mawanga mosawerengeka .. Amawazidwa kangapo ndi Phosphamide, Mercaptophos.
- Migodi Ya Migodi - mphukira, mphukira, masamba ndikupanga mabowo. Pa nkhondoyi pogwiritsa ntchito Bi-58, Rogor-S.
A Chilimwe wokhala nawo amalangiza: gypsophila m'malo owonekera
Opanga amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri gypsophila paminda yamiyala, kapinga, malo omata, malire, mabwalo, mapaki. Limamasula bwino, limanunkhira bwino. M'mapangidwe, amaphatikizidwa ndi maluwa, peonies, lyatris, monads, phlox, barberry, boxwood, lavender, elderberry. Mtengowo umakhala m'mphepete mwa mundawo mosavutikira ndipo umakhala malo amodzi zaka zambiri.
Ojambula maluwa amakongoletsa zochitika zamkati ndi maluwa, kukongoletsa matebulo, zingwe, zingwe zaukwati. Gypsophila sakhalitsa kwanthawi yayitali komanso akhale watsopano.
