Hosta: kufotokozera, kuyandikira ndi chisamaliro

Hosta (Ntchito) - duwa losatha la banja la Asparagus, m'mbuyomu linali Liliaceae. Malo ogawa - madera akum'mawa kwa Asia.

Kufotokozera

Mtengowo udalandira dzina lake loyambirira kwa adotolo ndi botanist wochokera ku Austria - Nikolaus Host, wachiwiri - kwa wasayansi waku Germany a Christian Funk.

Vutoli ndi laling'ono, laling'ono. Udzu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera lanceolate yopapatiza mpaka ovate yotakata. Kutalika kwa miyendo ya pamtunda ndi mpaka mita 1. Ma inflorescences ndi a mchenga. Mtundu wa masamba amachokera ku yoyera mpaka ya lilac.

Zipatso zimatuluka m'bokosi lachikopa lachifumu. Mbewu ndi zakuda, phokoso.

Malo - maluwa osatha, mitundu

Pali mitundu 40 yokhala ndi makamu, koma ochepa okha ndi omwe ali oyenera kubzala kunyumba:

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Popeza mtundu wa masamba, wolandirawo agawidwa m'magulu asanu:

• Bleu;
• Chikasu;
• Green
• Variegata - mitundu yokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino, m'mphepete amakhala ndi malire;
• Media mediagate ndi yopepuka, malire ndiwobiriwira.

Zosiyanasiyana

Popeza kukula kwa mbewu, imagawidwa m'magulu 6:

• wamtali - osakwana 10 cm (Osalidwa);
• chaching'ono - kuchokera 10 mpaka 15 cm (La Donna);
• yaying'ono - 16-25 cm (Golide Town);
• sing'anga - kuchokera 30 cm mpaka 0.5 m (Nthenga Zabwino Kwambiri ndi Zoyera, mitundu yomaliza yokhala ndi masamba oyera, omwe amasintha obiriwira pamene akukula);
• chachikulu - 55-70 cm (Golden Meadows ndi Alvatine Taylor);
• chimphona - choposa 0.7 m (Blue Vision).

Mbeu zogona kunyumba

Kumera kwa maluwa kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakuti kumera kwawo ndi 70-80%, ndiye kuti zinthu zobzala zimasamalidwa kale ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kukula (kwa theka la ora amayikidwa mu Zircon, Kornevin kapena Elin njira). Ankachitanso stratation (anaikidwa mufiriji kwa mwezi umodzi).

Amalangizidwa kuti azigula osakaniza m'masitolo olimapo, popeza tizilombo tomwe tili m'nthaka wamba zimakhudza mbande ngakhale kupangitsa kuti afe. Kapangidwe ka dziko lapansi ndi chisakanizo cha perlite ndi peat mosiyanasiyana.

M'mwezi wa Marichi, muli mbande za mbande zakonzedwa, zimapukutidwa ndi mowa kapena yankho lochepera la potaziyamu permanganate. Phula lamiyala limayikidwa pansi, limathandizidwa ndi dothi komanso lonyowa. Mwanjira imeneyi, mbewuyo imasiyidwa kwa masiku angapo, kenako makamu amafesedwa, mbewuzo zimayikidwa padziko lapansi ndi nthawi yayitali.

Finyani pamwamba ndi gawo lofanana lomwe kale limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kunenepa ndi pafupifupi 5-7 mm. Kuti musunge chinyontho, kuphimba chidebe ndi polyethylene kapena galasi. Onetsetsani kuti mwalamulira kuti nthawi yamera, kutentha kwa dziko lapansi + 18 ... +25 ° C.

Mukamatsatira ukadaulo, zophukira zoyambirira zimawonedwa patatha milungu ingapo. Kuwonetsedwa ndi dzuwa lolunjika, chinyezi chochulukirapo, kudzikundika pachikuto ndi kowopsa kwa duwa. Mbande zimasungidwa m'chipinda chocheperako pang'ono.

Masamba awiri enieni akamatuluka, mbewuyo imadzimbidwa. Nyumba zimasunthidwa kuti zigawike miphika 25% yodzaza ndi mchenga. Matanki amayikidwa mu poto ndi madzi, izi zimapereka kutsirira kotsika.

Kuchita kotsatira ndikumawumitsa. Amachotsa polyethylene ndikusunthira kunja maluwa, mankhwalawa amachitidwa pa kutentha kwa mpweya oposa +18 ° С.

Kulimitsa Kunja kwa Hosta

Potseguka, makamu amayikidwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo. Masabata awiri asanabzalidwe, m'malo osankhidwa, makungwa a paini owola kapena manyowa, dothi lamasamba, kompositi amatayidwa. Danga lake limakhala pafupifupi 10 cm. Dothi limakumbidwa limodzi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, kuya kwake ndi kwinakwake pa bayonet ya fosholo. Tengani zidebe za ndalama za 1.5-2 pa mita imodzi.

Mphindi 30 asanabzalidwe, nthaka ndiyothiriridwa bwino. Zoyerekeza zazing'ono komanso zazing'onoting'ono zimabzalidwa pamtunda wa 20-30 masentimita, zazikulu - masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Mizu imamera mosiyanasiyana, motero, bowo, ndizokongoletsa bwino. Imakhala bwino mulching, wosanjikiza ndi osachepera 5 cm.

Kubzala nthawi

Nthawi yabwino ndikutha kwa kumapeto kwa masika, mizu yake ikamakula, koma masamba sanaphuke. Tsiku lomaliza ndiye chiyambi cha Seputembala. Ndikadzala m'tsogolo, zitsamba sizizika mizu.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande zathanzi kuti mubzale

Kubzala ndi kusamaliranso, mbande zathanzi kwambiri zimasankhidwa. Kuti achite izi, amayesedwa kuti awononge matenda ndi zowola zina. Chisankhocho chimayimitsidwa ndi oyimilira achikhalidwe.

Malo okula

Akuluakulu akusankha malo kwazaka zambiri, chifukwa duwa limatha kukula popanda kusintha kwa zaka 20. Tsambalo labwino kwambiri ndi mthunzi wopanda zokongoletsa, koma akatswiri amaganizira kuti mtunduwo utakhala wokongola kwambiri, mbewuyo imakonda kwambiri.

Oyimira bwino amtunduwu amasankha malo omwe penumbra ili masana, ndi nthawi yonseyo - dzuwa.

Mawonekedwe a dothi

Dziko lapansi lanyamulidwa bwino komanso lopanda madzi. Zoyenera - kupindika loam. Acidity - 6.5-7.5. Dothi losakhala dothi komanso miyala yamchenga youma sigwiritsidwa ntchito konse.

Wogulitsayo amalabadira zabwino zomwe zili munthaka lapansi, motero, kuwonjezera pa kuthira nthawi, chomera chimagwiridwa nthawi zonse ndi kompositi.

Magawo ochitira alendo

Kutalikirana pakati pa maenje kumalumikizidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu yoyikidwa m'nthaka:

• yaying'ono ndi yapakatikati - 30-50 cm;
• zimphona - 0,8-1 m.

Kuti mubzale bwino, konzani mbande zam'madzi mumiphika. Amamutengera kumabowo limodzi ndi mtanda wa dothi. Finyani ndi dothi pamtunda ndikuwumbanikiza kotero kuti mulingo ndi masentimita 2-3 pansi pa nthaka yonse.

Ngati kubzala kuchitidwa ndikugawa shrub, ndiye kuti masamba owuma ndi ma rhizomes omwe awonongedwa amachotsedwa mbali iliyonse.

Kusamalira Odwala

Kuchita kulima ndi kusamalira omwe akukalandira, tsatirani malamulo angapo.

Kuthirira

Pangani zochulukirapo komanso pafupipafupi (kawiri pa sabata). Madzi amalowetsedwa m'mawa. Nthaka imakhala chonyowa, koma osalola kuti chinyezi chisachitike, mwinanso mbewuyo imakhudza bowa.

Kudyetsa

Manyowa katatu munthawi ya kukula. Choyamba kudyetsa kumayambiriro kwa kukula. Chachiwiri - pambuyo pakupanga maluwa. Chachitatu - masamba atagwa.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza kuyambitsa njira zovuta ndi kompositi. Mukangodyetsa, nthaka imakwiririka.

Makamu obereketsa

Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikiza ndi kugawa chitsamba.

Kudula

Kudula kumachitika nthawi iliyonse kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. Gawo lomwe limakhala ndi impso yake komanso chizungulire pang'ono limasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba. Zomwe zimayikidwa zimayikidwa mumthunzi, wokutidwa ndi botolo lomwe linadulidwa kale. Popita nthawi, zikwiyinso za ziwalo zomwe zikusowekapo ndikupanga masamba abwinobwino zimawonedwa.

Kugawanitsa

Chitani kanthu mu masika, mutamera mbande. Chitsamba cha amayi chimachotsedwa mu dothi, matumba akuluakulu amachotsedwa, ndikuwononga madawo. Chomera chimadulidwa ndi mpeni kapena fosholo. Gawo lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi impso ndi chidutswa cha mpweya.

Delenki amasunthira kunthaka ndipo masabata angapo oyamba amathiridwa madzi nthawi zonse.

Tizilombo, matenda

Mukukula, magulu okhala ndi magulu amakhudzidwa ndimatenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo wamaluwa amangoyang'anitsitsa matenda atizilombo:

Ndi kupezeka kwakanthawi kwamatenda ndi tizilombo, duwa kwa nthawi yayitali amasangalala ndi maluwa ake.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala ndi chilangizi amalangiza: wopanga nawo malo opanga mawonekedwe

Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo owonekera chifukwa cha zokongoletsera zake komanso kulolera mumthunzi. Oyimira akuluakulu amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chimodzi, zitsanzo zomwe zili ndi kukula kosachepera 10 cm, mapiri okongola a alpine kapena kuchotsera. Maluwa apakatikati amayenerana bwino mu nyimbo zosiyanasiyana.

Akuluakulu agogomezerawo amayambira pomwe panali maluwa ndi malire. Potengera maziko amakono kapena malata apansi, maluwa amawonetsa kukongoletsa kwawo.

Zimamera pafupi ndi mitengo yocheperako yam'madzi, ma fern, ma daylilies ndi maluwa ena ambiri omwe amakongoletsa maluwa.