Trollius (Trollius) ndi wa banja la Ranunculaceae. Amakula ku Europe, ku Asia konse, kupatula kum'mwera, ku North America. Mitundu ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 30. 20 mwa iwo akukula ku Russia, ndipo si onse omwe ndi abwino kulimidwa.
Bathhouse, kufotokoza kwa chikhalidwe
Pali mitundu ingapo ya pomwe dzina la mbewuyo lidachokera:
- Trollius amachokera ku trollblume yaku Germany, kumasulira kwenikweni ndi maluwa a trollblume. Malinga ndi nthano zakale, trollius ankakonda kwambiri zolengedwa zauzimu.
- Trulleus mu Chilatini amatanthauza chotengera chokuzungulira, chikho.
- Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Old Germany troll - mpira.
Dzinali la Russia limalumikizidwa ndi malo okhala leotard. Amakonda malo onyowa.
Ichi ndi mbewu ya herbaceous osatha, yomwe imafikira 0.5-1 m. Zimayambira ndizokhazikika, nthambi zina zamtundu wina. Mizu yake imapangidwa bwino. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, mapangidwe ooneka ngati mapu. Kula m'munsi ndi pamwamba pa mphukira.
Maluwa akuluakulu atatu ozungulira amapezeka pa tsinde limodzi. Ziphuphu ndi chikasu chagolide, chamaso. Corolla ya manda 5-20, yokonzedwa mokhazikika, ikudutsa oyandikana nawo. Masamba ndi otseguka kapena otseguka, okhala ndi timizere tating'ono.
Mitundu yonse ndiyosangalatsa. Maluwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa masika mpaka nthawi yophukira. Pambuyo pake (pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo pake) manda adagwa. M'malo mwake, mapangidwe achonde ozungulira amayamba. Mbewu ndizochepa, zakuda, komanso mawonekedwe a gloss.
Pomwe maluwa amatulutsa kununkhira kwatsopano. Chomera chimakhala ndi poizoni, msuzi wake umatha kuyambitsa kuyaka pakhungu kapena mucous nembanemba. Zochita ndi duwa ziyenera kuchitika ndi magolovesi. Komanso onetsetsani kuti ana ndi ziweto sizimamuyandikira.
Mitundu yotchuka yosambira
Mitundu yokhayo yomwe imalimidwa:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa / nthawi ya maonekedwe ake |
| European | Kufikira mita 1. Mu nkhwangwa za tsinde lobiriwira pamakhala mphukira zokhala ndi maluwa yaying'ono. Zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira. | Kufikira 5 masentimita, kuchokera ku chikasu chonyezimira mpaka ndimu yagolide. Masamba ndi lalanje owala, ofanana kukula ndi pamakhala. Meyi-Juni. |
| Waku Asia | Mpaka 0,8 m. Pali mphukira zosowa pa tsinde. | Kufikira 5 cm, ofiira ofiira. Masisitere adakulirakulira. Mapeto a kasupe ndi pakati pa chilimwe. |
| Altai | Kufikira 90 masentimita, pali mitundu yomwe imamera pang'ono mpaka 20 cm. | Kufikira 6 masentimita, osakwatiwa, osachedwa. Mtanda wamtundu wa lalanje kapena wagolide ndiwotalikirapo kuposa kawiri. Meyi-Juni. |
| Ledebour | Mpaka 0.7 m. | Kufikira 8 masentimita, otseguka, okhala ndi mafupa owoneka ngati dzimbiri. Zaka khumi zachiwiri za chilimwe. |
| Zapamwamba kwambiri | Mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe imafikira mita 1.5 Masamba imatoleredwa mu rosette 60 cm kutalika. | Ipezeka pa nthambi yokhwima. Kufikira 6 masentimita, obiriwira wobiriwira. Meyi-Juni. |
| Wachichaina | Maso osowa. Mbalezo zimasindikizidwa, kudulidwa m'mbali mwake. | Yotseka, yotseguka ndi theka yotseguka. Mitundu yofiira imakhala yopyapyala, yotalikirapo. Julayi-Ogasiti. |
| Kalulu | Mwachidule, osapitirira 30 cm. | Lathyathyathya, ndimu yowala, mumitundu ina yokhala ndi tint yofiirira. Mapeto a kasupe ndi zaka khumi zoyambirira. |
| Zachikulu zazikulu | Mpaka 1 m | Chachikulu, chokhala ndi lalanje, zotseguka. Juni |
| Pumbwa | Mtundu wokhazikitsidwa womwe suulimidwa nthawi zambiri. | Zofiirira, ndi ma amber stamens pamatayala mpaka 10 cm. Julayi |
| Theka lotseguka | Kutsika, mpaka 0,3 m. Tsinde ndilokhazikika, nthambi. | Golide, pamiyeso yokhazikitsidwa bwino, imakulitsa chipatsocho chikacha. Mbale zamphongo zomwe zimachepetsedwa, zingwe, zotsegula. Julayi-Ogasiti. |
Leotard ikamatera poyera
Ngati mbewu yadzala nyemba, choyamba imayenera kupita pansi:
- Mukugwa, kubzala.
- Sinthani kuchipinda chozizira ndikuchokapo mpaka kumapeto.
- Chakumapeto kwa Marichi komanso kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, mutha kuwona koyambirira.
Pali njira ina yoyambira:
- Sakanizani mbewu zatsopano zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi mchenga wonyowa.
- Thirani osakaniza mu thumba la pulasitiki.
- Ikani mufiriji mu chipinda chamasamba (+ 2 ... +4 ° ะก).
- Gwiritsani kwa miyezi 3-4.
- Bzalani mu Marichi.
- Khalani pa +20 ° C.
- Kuwombera kuwuka kumapeto kwa Epulo-m'ma Meyi.
Samalirani mbande musanabzike pabedi:
- Tetezani ku dzuwa mwachindunji, nthawi zonse nyowetsani nthaka.
- Ikani pambuyo pakupanga masamba awiri owona.
- Mukamatola, siyani masentimita 0,8-1.
Zowonekera pamalo okhazikika zimachitika mu Ogasiti:
- Kumbani mabowo pamtunda wa masentimita 30 mpaka 40 wolingana ndi kukula kwa mizu.
- Kusuntha akuwombera limodzi ndi mtanda wapansi.
- Maluwa amatha kuchitika kwa zaka 3-4.
Kusamalira leot m'munda
Kuti chomera chikule bwino, kusungira kukongoletsa, malo oyenera kuyikonzera kuyenera kupangidwira:
| Choyimira | Malangizo |
| Malo | Mapamba okhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi tchire lomwe limamera, mitengo. |
| Dothi | Dothi lopepuka, lopatsa thanzi: loamy wapakati kapena wopepuka, wokhala ndi humus yambiri, yachilendo. Ngati dzikolo ndi losauka, pangani peat ndi humus m'njira zofanana. Izi zimathandizira kuyamwa ndikusunga chinyezi. Pa 1 sq.m. 5 makilogalamu osakaniza ndi ofunika. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazingozi zazing'ono:
Chitani kumayambiriro kwa Meyi komanso musanakhale maluwa. |
| Kuthirira | Nthawi yakudya, dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, koma chisamaliro chikuyenera kutetezedwa kuti madzi asasweke. Ndikusowa kapena chinyezi chambiri, mbewuyo imasiya kutulutsa ndi kukula. Madzi ndi madzi okhazikika, otentha dzuwa. M'mawa, chidebe chamadzi chimayikidwa pamalopo, ndipo madzulo amadzizidwa. |
| Zisanu | Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mbewuyo ndi kuswa chisanu. Imalekerera kuzizira modekha. Asanazizidwe nyengo yozizira, gawo la mlengalenga limadulidwa, ndikusiya 3 cm zokha. |
| Chisamaliro china | Denga lakumwamba limasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndikuwonjezera nthaka yachonde pamunsi. Mafuta atagwa, maluwa omwe amatuluka amawadula kuti ayambirenso maluwa. |
Kubalana ndi kupatsirana
Kukula kwa njere ndi njira yayitali komanso yovuta, ndipo wamaluwa saigwiritsa ntchito. Njira yosankhika yogawa nsalu.
Zomera zathanzi, zamphamvu, zaka 5-6, ndizoyenera kubereka.
Kuika kumachitika zaka zisanu zilizonse, kumapeto kwa Ogasiti komanso kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Njira:
- Chotsani chitsamba mosamala, chotsani pansi, nadzatsuka.
- Gawani mpeni womwe unasakanizidwa ndi magawo kuti magawo angapo osungidwa ndi mizu akhalebe pamgawowo.
- Magawo ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate yothetsera kapena phulusa la nkhuni.
- Ikani petioles mu maenje oyenda omwe ali pa mtunda wa 0.3-0.4 m kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Khosi la muzu limayikidwa ndi 20-30 mm.
- Chotsani greens ku Delenok. Masamba angawoneke pambuyo masiku 10-14.
Kupewa komanso kuwongolera tizilombo
Wakudontha samadwala, tizilombo nthawi zambiri sitikhalanso ndi moyo. Kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka, kasupe amathandizidwa ndi phulusa ndikuthirira ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pambuyo pake, amasintha pazosakaniza zovuta. Nyengo yakukula isanakwane, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti utsi wa Epin. Kuti mupewe matenda oyamba ndi fungus mu kugwa, muyenera kuchotsa masamba akale.
Nthawi zambiri, pakakhala chisamaliro, osambira amatha kudwala:
| Matenda / tizilombo | Zizindikiro | Njira zoyendetsera |
| Seporia |
|
|
| Sumu |
| Gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera Treasure, Ferazim. |
| Nematode |
| Ikani poizoni Phosphamide, Heterophos, Lindane. |
Malo a leotard pakupanga mawonekedwe
Mitundu yomwe imamera pang'ono ndiyabwino pakupanga miyala yamiyala. Mitundu yokhala ndi mbali yayitali imakongoletsa m'mbali, m'mphepete mwa kapinga, ndi malo pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.
Leotard amabzalidwe moyenera kapena kuphatikiza:
- delphinium;
- primrose;
- mphukira;
- maluwa ndi maluwa ena ammunda amiyala yakumwamba, yovunda, canary, malalanje.
Chomera chimawoneka chokongola potengera motley: tinsalu tambiri m'tsogolo, kumbuyo kwa tchire lalitali lomwe limamera nthawi yomweyo ngati trollius (mwachitsanzo, lilac).
Kugwiritsa ntchito kosambira mu mankhwala achikhalidwe
Ngakhale kuti duwa ili ndi poyizoni, lili ndi mankhwala. Mankhwala achikhalidwe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda ambiri:
- matenda a chiwindi ndi m'mimba thirakiti;
- zotupa, zotupa, kutupa;
- kutsegula m'mimba
- dontho;
- zipsera;
- khunyu;
- mavuto a msambo;
- angina pectoris ndi matenda ena a mtima;
- khansa ndi machitidwe;
- matenda a magazi.
Zithandizo za maluwa ochokera ku maluwa zimakhala ndi zotsutsana komanso zoyipa zimasiyana. Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala. Ngati angavomereze chithandizo chosagwirizana, ndikofunikira kutsatira bwino njira iyi kuti mupewe poyizoni. Poizoni wa leotard amatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu ndi ubongo, kuwotcha koopsa, kuledzera kwambiri.
