Anthurium - mtundu wa mbewu mwanjira ya epiphytes, mipesa, herbaceous ndi semi-epiphytes ndi gawo la banja la Aroid.
Kwawo - malo otentha komanso madera a Central ndi South America.
Kufotokozera kwa Anthurium
Kutanthauzira kwa dzina la anthurium ndi mchira wamaluwa, inflorescence yake, ngati makutu, imafanana ndi mchira. Ili pamtambo wowala bwino (wokhala ndi mabedi), womwe nthawi zambiri umalakwitsa kukhala ndi duwa, koma kwenikweni ndi tsamba lomwe limakopa tizilombo kuti mungu udzayipitse. China ndi fungo losiyanasiyana lomwe limawoneka nthawi iliyonse masana, kuchokera pofatsa komanso lonunkhira mpaka mozama komanso lonunkhira, kutengera zomwe amakonda ma pollinators (ma mavu ndikosangalatsa, ntchentche ndizosautsa).
Anthurium adalandira maina ena awiri: duwa la flamingo ndi chizindikiro cha chisangalalo cha amuna. Loyamba, chifukwa cha cob ndi chophimba chofanana ndi mbalameyi, chachiwiri - malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri.
Zosiyanasiyana Home Anthurium
Muzochitika zamkati, monga lamulo, epiphytes amakula.
Ma anthuriamu wamba omwe amakhala ndi ma bedi okongola:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa | Zachilala |
| Andre | Yoyamba kubzala. Amasiyana maluwa chaka chonse. | Chofiira, choyera, chofiirira, chapinki, maroon. | Chowala, chosonyeza, maluwa atayamba kubiriwira. |
| Dakota | Kutchuka kwambiri. Imatha kufikira 1 m. | Solar. | Pumbwa. |
| Scherzer | Ziweto zazing'ono. | Chachikasu, chofiirira, choyera ngati chipale. | Chozunguliridwa, chamawonekedwe amtima, lalanje, ofiira, oyera oyera okhala ndi madontho. |
Muli ndi masamba okongoletsa:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Crystal | Kukongoletsa, ndi maluwa ofewa, kununkhira kosangalatsa. | Mawonekedwe amtima, okhala ndi mitsempha yowala bwino. |
| Zosiyanasiyana | Wadetsedwa mtengo. | Yopyapyala, yobiriwira yobiriwira, yofanana ndi zala zazitali. |
Ndikupezeka pabedi yosiyanasiyana.
| Onani | Zachilala |
| Blush, Tennessee, Lady Love | Pinki. |
| Mdima Wofiira wa Anthurium, Otazu Brown, mfumukazi yakuda | Masoka ofiira akuda. |
| Midori | Green |
| Woyera, Mtima Woyera | Choyera. |
| Picasso lemona | Wachikasu. |
| Obake, Mauna Loa Obake, Obwera ndi Mvula | Matoni awiri. |
Zoyenera kukula ndi kusamalira anthurium
Kuti mbewuyo ikhale yomasuka, samalani maulamuliro.
| Choyimira | Kasupe / chilimwe | Kugwa / yozizira |
| Malo | Kummawa, zenera lakumadzulo. Pezani mpweya wabwino popanda kukonzekera. | Mawindo oyang'ana kumwera atalikirana ndi mafunde ozizira. |
| Kuwala | Kuwala kowala. | |
| Kutentha | Mulingo woyenera kwambiri + 28 ° C. | + 16 ... +18 ° C. |
| Chinyezi | Khalani okwera:
| |
| Kuthirira | Pamene dothi lakumunda limawuma, masamba akayamba kuota. Nyowetsani dothi lonse mumphika, madziwo mu poto nthawi yomweyo. Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha kwa chipinda chokha. | |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi masabata onse a 1-2, feteleza wamaluwa, kutengera nyengo. | Kukana kapena kamodzi pamwezi theka la mlingo. |
Momwe mungasinthire ndikusintha anthurium
Atapeza duwa, kwa milungu iwiri imasinthidwa machitidwe chipinda. Pambuyo pake, mosasamala nthawi ya chaka, ikuyenera kuikidwa:
- Chomera chimachotsedwa mu thanki yakale osasunthira panthaka, chimakokedwa mumphika wokulirapo, ndikuwona kubzala komwe.
- Kuchulukitsa kwanyumba yatsopano kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu masentimita 2-3 kuposa mizu mozama ndi m'lifupi.
- Zomwe nthaka ili: dothi la peat, peat, vermiculite kapena perlite, mchenga (1: 1: 1: 0.5) kapena sphagnum moss popanda zowonjezera.
- Mapa - zidutswa za khungwa, makala.
Kenako, duwa limasinthidwa chaka chilichonse kumapeto kwa chaka. Zomera zikamakula, zimapangidwanso, kupatula ana kwa tchire, kuwabzala m'miphika yosiyanasiyana.
Ngati mphukira zazing'ono sizipanga nthawi yayitali, zimadula thunthu lonse, pafupifupi pansi. Kudulira koteroko kumalimbikitsa mapangidwe a mizu, komanso mawonekedwe atsopano.
Maluwa a Anthurium ndi kusapezeka kwake
Kutulutsa kwa Anthurium kumatha kukhala chaka chonse. Koma pali zochitika zina zomwe zimatsogolera kuuma kwa maluwa:
- mbewu imakalamba - kudulira pamodzi ndi peduncle;
- Kupukutidwa ndi tizilombo, kumangirira zipatso - kucha kwa mbewu ndikudikirira kapena kudula.
Pakati panjira, chifukwa chakuwala pang'ono ndikuchepetsa kutentha pawindo m'nyengo yozizira, anthurium angachedwetse kukula kwake, panthawiyi, pali njira ziwiri:
- Amapanga nthawi yopuma - asunge malamulo okonza nthawi yozizira, chinthu chachikulu sikulola kuti kutentha kuzike pansi pa +15 ° C.
- Amathandizira gawo lomwe limagwira (maluwa ndi Kukula) - amaikidwa kutali ndi zenera, pomwe limatenthedwa, amawunikira ndi phytolamp, ndipo kuthirira ndi kudyetsa kumawonedwa.
Nthawi zina maluwa samachitika. Pali zifukwa zingapo izi:
- Kulephera kutsatira mikhalidwe yoyenera yosamalira: kusowa kwa kuwala, kutentha pang'ono, mpweya wouma, kuchuluka kapena kusowa kwa madzi, kusowa feteleza.
- Kukula kwakukulu - mbewu imapereka mphamvu kuti ipange mizu ndi masamba.
- Poto yaying'ono - yosowa zakudya.
- Kuphatikizana ndi feteleza wolakwika - phosphorous, potaziyamu, kufufuza zinthu ndi mankhwala ochepa a nayitrogeni amafunikira.
- Kuyenda kwamaluwa pafupipafupi, nthawi zopsinja.
- Kupanda kolakwika, chomeracho chawonongeka.
Momwe mungafalitsire anthurium
Kupeza mbewu zatsopano ndikotheka kwa ana, kugawa chitsamba, kudula, mbewu.
Njira ziwiri zoyambirira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu April ndi kupatsirana pachaka. Mizu yake imalekanitsidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, kuphwanya malo a zigawozo ndi makala a makala. Zomera zosasulidwa zimathiriridwa pang'ono, kuyesera kuti kusefukira.
Kudula kumachitika mutakonza:
- Zidula zimayikidwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi perlite ndi mchenga.
- Phimbani ndi kapu yagalasi.
- Muli pa + 22 ... +24 ° C, musunthiretu nthawi zonse.
Kubzala mbewu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi obereketsa kutulutsa mitundu yatsopano.
Kunyumba, iyi ndi njira yayitali komanso yovuta:
- Dzipukuteni duwa (pogwiritsa ntchito burashi, mungu kuchokera kwa stamens umasamutsidwira kumiseche ya pistils).
- Zipatso zipse (miyezi 8).
- Mbewu zimachotsedwa mwa iwo, zimatsukidwa.
- Zofesedwa mumbale zokhala ndi gawo lapansi komanso chopyapyala chopyapyala cha perlite.
- Samalani mosamala, komanso podula. Zikamakula, mbande zimakhazikika m'miphika yayikulu.
- Chomera chobadwa mwanjira imeneyi chimatha kuphuka mchaka chachiwiri; maluwa athunthu atha kupitilira zaka 4-5.
Mavuto akukula, matenda ndi tizirombo ta anthurium
Mosasamala, chomera chimatha kudwala ndikugwidwa ndi tizirombo. Monga lamulo, izi zitha kuzindikirika ndi matenda a tsamba.
Zizindikiro Mawonekedwe pamasamba | Vutoli | Kuthetsa |
| Mawonekedwe ofunda, achikasu, mawonekedwe abowo. | Anthracnose, Septoria | Masamba owonongeka amawonongeka, mizu imatulutsidwa, dziko lapansi limasinthidwa. Chomera chimayikidwa m'malo ndi chinyezi chochepetsedwa, kuchepetsa kuthirira, osasenda. Ndi matenda oopsa, Fitosporin, Fundazole, Silika amagwiritsidwa ntchito (katatu mu masabata awiri). |
Mizu yake imavunda. Kutayika kwa gloss, pallor, kenako kunadetsedwa. | Zovunda | Dulani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa. Amathandizidwa ndi Fitosporin, Maxim. Adazisintha kukhala dothi latsopano ndi mphika. |
| Kupotoza, kuzimiririka, maonekedwe oyera. | Powdery mildew | Kukhazikitsidwa pamalo otentha. Ali ndi mankhwala: Topaz, Acrobat. |
| Malo ofiira amdima pansipa, kuwala kumtunda, kumayenda. | Dzimbiri | Gwiritsani ntchito Topaz, Ordan. |
| Chikasu, zokutira zomata, tizilombo tobiriwira timawoneka. | Ma nsabwe | Nthaka imakutidwa ndi filimu, masamba amasambitsidwa ndi sopo yankho. Amathandizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa anyezi kapena ndi Fitoverm. Milandu yovuta - Actellik, Karbofos. |
| Mkati mwake muli mawanga akuda, madontho obiriwira achikasu obiriwira, kuyanika, ndikugwa. | Zopatsa | Spray ndi Fitoverm (katatu pa sabata). |
| Milozi ndi yoyera-golide. | Chotchinga | Sungani tizilombo. Ikani yankho la adyo ndi sopo, ngati sizithandiza, pukutani ndi palafini. |
| Maonekedwe a madontho achikasu, ma cobwebs. Kuyanika, kupotoza. | Spider mite | Gwiritsani ntchito Fitoverm. |
| Zovala zoyera pazowawa. | Mealybug | Amatsukidwa ndimadzi amchere, kenako pakatha sabata imabwerezedwa kangapo, ndikuwazidwa ndi kulowetsedwa ndi adyo kapena Fitoverm. |
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala pachilimwe amadziwitsa: Anthurium - chisangalalo cha amuna
Malinga ndi nthano, anthurium ndimaluwa wamaluwa wa banja laling'ono. Amawonetsedwa paukwati, kukumbutsa mwamunayo kuti ndiye woteteza banja.
Ngati anthurium ayamba kuphuka, izi zikuwonetsa kuyambika kwa chingwe chabwino kubanja. Ndikofunikira kukhala nawo kwa maukwati okhudzidwa kwambiri, kumatenga mphamvu zopanda pake ndikubweretsa kuyanjanitsidwa kunyumba.
Mtengowo umathandizanso osungunuka, anthu amanjenje. Amaperekedwa kwa azimayi omwe amafuna kukwatiwa.
Kwa banja, spathiphyllum imapezeka pawiri ndi anthurium. Maluwa amatchedwa chisangalalo chachikazi, limodzi ndi chisangalalo chachimuna - anthurium, zimapereka chiyanjano.
