Katran ndi mbewu zamasamba zatsopano, ambiri samadziwa chomwe chiri komanso momwe angakulire. Malingana ndi zakudya ndi kukoma, chomera chikufanana ndi horseradish. Mosiyana ndi mapeto ake, katran ali ndi mizu yambiri.
Katran ali ndi mavitamini ochuluka a gulu B, C, A, P, ndi microelements ndipo amakhala ngati wothandizira. Phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ambiri amapezeka mizu. Mafuta ofunika omwe amapezeka mumbewu amapereka fungo lakuthwa ndi kukoma.
Mizu ya Katrana imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati horseradish. Qatran yapeza kuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala amtundu, imakhala ngati phytoncidal wothandizila. Chomeracho chimatengedwa m'malo mwa horseradish ndipo palibe njira yocheperapo. M'nkhaniyi, tiyang'anitsitsa zomwe Katran ali, komanso malamulo odzala ndi kuwasamalira.
Katran: Chomera ichi ndi chiyani?
Katran - Ichi ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la kabichi, chomwe chirimi chomwe chikukula chikupezeka chaka chilichonse. Pambuyo pa fruiting, imamwalira. Chitsambacho chimawonekera, chosungunuka, chodzaza ndi maluwa otentha ndipo chimakula mpaka masentimita 150. Masambawo ndi ofiira, omwe, ngati tsinde, amadzazidwa ndi phula, petiolate, pinnate. 
M'chaka choyamba, chomeracho chimapanga masamba a basal (kawirikawiri mpaka zidutswa khumi) ndi ndodo, zowonjezera, zowonongeka muzu womwe umalowa pansi. Nthawi zina muzu umatha kufika mamita awiri.
Mukudziwa? Katran, mosiyana ndi horseradish, amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu.Muzu wa mbewu ndi wofiira, thupi la mtundu wa kirimu ndilo masentimita atatu. M'chaka chachiwiri, zinziri zimapanga tsinde, ndipo zimamasula kumayambiriro kwa June ndipo zimamasula kwa masiku 50-65. Maluwa a chomera ndi ochepa, oyera, amasonkhana mumtunda.
Katran - wodzimanga pollinator, koma amatha kupota mungu ndi kuwoloka. Zipatso ziphuka kumapeto kwa August. Kulemera kwa muzu kumafikira mpaka 800 g.Ndipo khalidwe la kukoma kwalo m'malo mowonjezereka sizingawonongeke, katran ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsopano komanso zam'chitini. Chomeracho chimatha kupirira kutentha ndi kuzizira, ngakhale nyengo yozizira kwambiri.
Zinthu zofunika pakukula katran
Musanayambe katran, muyenera kupanga zinthu zabwino. Chomeracho sichitha kunthaka, koma tikulimbikitsanso kuti tibzala pa mchenga kapena mchenga loamy wosakhala acidic. Ngati pamtunda pansi pamakhala pansi, ndiye kuti pansi pa malowa ndi abwino. Mu nthaka yolemera, mbewu zimakula bwino, ndipo mu katrin wowawasa nthawi zambiri zimapweteka ndikukula bwino. Kutentha kwa mpweya wabwino kwa kukula kwa zomera ndi 19 ... +25 ° ะก. Mbewu zimamera pa +4 ° C, ndipo mbande zimayima kutentha mpaka -6 ° C. 
Mukudziwa? Katran adzakula bwino pambuyo pa dzungu, nkhaka, mbatata, nandolo ndi nyemba, koma pambuyo pa kabichi simuyenera kulima.
Momwe mungabzalitsire katran: Kukula mmalo mwa "mbewu yowonjezera" kuchokera ku mbewu
Katran si chomera, choncho kubzala ndi kusamalira mbewuyi pamtunda sikovuta. Ngati mukukonzekera bwino mbeu ndikudziwa teknoloji yofesa, ndiye kuti udzuwo umakula bwino ndipo umabweretsa zokolola zambiri. Kenaka, timalingalira mwatsatanetsatane zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zikule "cholowa chamalowa".
Mbewu yokonzekera kubzala
Kubzala mbewu za katran, pamwamba pa zonse, zimayamba ndi kukonzekera. Kuti muwone mbande mwamsanga pakukafesa kasupe, mbewu zimasowa kuti apange. Kuti achite izi, amafunika kuzimitsa kutentha kwa 18+ + 20 ° C mu 1% yothetsera potassium permanganate kapena m'madzi kwa maola awiri. Pambuyo pake, sanganani ndi mchenga wothira pang'ono mu chiwerengero cha 1: 3 ndi sitolo kwa masiku 95-100 pa 0 ° C, mwachitsanzo, mu firiji kapena pansi. Momwe mungamere chomera chomwe chikufanana ndi horseradish mu dziko kuchokera ku mbeu pambuyo pochita izi, ganizirani motsatira.
Malamulo ndi zofesa katran ku nyumba yawo yachilimwe
Musanafese katran pa dacha, muyenera kupanga 3-4 makilogalamu / sq. Manyowa a mamita ndi 35-40 g / sq. M ya phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zovuta fetereza, monga "Kemira-super", "Azofoska" ndi "Kemira-chilengedwe".
Katran safuna kugwiritsa ntchito akatswiri apadera azaulimi; kulima mbewu iyi kuchokera ku mbewu kudzakhala pansi pa mphamvu ya munda wamtundu uliwonse. Mbewu imafesedwa mozama masentimita atatu, ndipo m'lifupi pakati pa mizere ndi 65-70 masentimita. N'zotheka kudzala mbewu za katran pogwiritsa ntchito tepi.
Ndikofunikira! Kufesa bwino kumachitidwa pamapiri kapena zitunda.Malo omwe ali m'mizere akuphatikizidwa ndi humus kapena peat, makamaka ndikofunikira kuti achite izi pofika katran. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mbande, iwo amapanso mulch ndi humus.
Momwe mungasamalire katran
Momwe mungayambire kukula katran, tinalingalira, imakhalabe yopereka chisamaliro chapamwamba chomera. Mu gawo la masamba awiri enieni ndizofunika kuti muzitha kuika mizera yochepa kuti mtunda wa pakati pa zomera uli pafupi masentimita 30. Poyamba, zomera zimakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo panthawiyi ndizofunikira kumasula ndi kupalira pakati pa mizera, izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa quatra.
Mu gawo pamene masamba oyambirira akuwoneka, kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo kuyenera kuchitidwa. Kuthirira chomera ichi ngati chofunikira, koma kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May, madzi okwanira akuchuluka, pamtunda wa 30 l / sq. m
Chovala choyamba pamwamba ndi chofunikira pakupukuta mbewu, chifukwa chaichi, mutenge 5-10 g / sq. M ya ammonium nitrate. Mu chikondwerero chachiwiri pamwamba, mu gawo la 5 masamba enieni, 9-15 g / sq. M ya potaziyamu mchere ndi 6-7 g / sq. M ya ammonium nitrate. Potaziyamu fetereza ayenera kupangidwa mu theka lachiwiri la nyengo yokula. 
Ndikofunikira! Mu nyengo youma iyenera kukhala umuna mu mawonekedwe a madzi.
Qatran: zokolola
Mizu ya katran ikukololedwa mu kugwa, kumapeto kwa September. Kololani m'chaka choyamba kapena chachiwiri cha moyo wanu, mutatha kudula masamba onse. Ndibwino kuti mbeuyi ifike pa 1 makilogalamu / sq. m
Kuti asunge mizu, ayenera kukhala prikopat pang'ono mumchenga wouma m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, ngalande, ndi zina. Kutentha kumafunika + 4-5 ° C, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya - osachepera 85%. Mukhoza kukumba mizu kumapeto, mpaka quatane inayamba kukula. M'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, muzu wa mbeu ndi waukulu, zomera zina zimamera, ndipo mbewu zimapangidwa, choncho chiwerengero cha zokolola zachepa.
