Callas: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Calla (Zantedeskia) ndichikhalidwe chokongola chomera m'minda yamaluwa ndi m'nyumba. Duwa losatha lino ndi la banja la Arononic. Malo obzala maluwa a calla ndi kotentha ku South Africa.

Kufotokozera kwa Kalla

Dzinalo lina la mbewu ya Zantedesia ndi chifukwa chotengera wa ku Italy dzina lomweli. Kutalika kwa mbewu - 30-150 cm.Maluwa akunja a nondescript amaikidwa pa cob-cylinder.

Amakhala ndi fungo labwino la vanila. Chule chimazungulira chophimba chomwe chimawoneka ngati duwa. Momwe mungu umasungidwira, amasintha mtundu: kuchokera pamiyala yoyera mpaka yobiriwira.

Duwa lowoneka bwino lomwe ndi masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino owoneka ngati mivi. Zipatso zimacha pa coko - zipatso zazing'ono za ruby.

Maluwa a calla omwe ali ndi ma alkaloids, glycosides, ndi zomera zapoizoni kwambiri, chifukwa chake, mbewu zimabzalidwa mumdimba wachitetezo.

Mbali yodziwika bwino ya mbewuyo ndi kukaniza matenda a fungus. Maluwa sadzetsedwa ndi tizirombo.

Mitundu yamaluwa am'munda wa calla

Banjali lili ndi mitundu 8 ya mbewu za rhizome ndi tuberous. Mitundu itatu yayikulu ndi mitundu yosankhika yosiyanasiyana idakulidwa m'mundamo.

Mtundu wa calla	Kufotokozera	Zinthu zikukula	Zosiyanasiyana
Mwaitiopiya (Aronnik)	Chomera chachitali chokhala ndi maluwa oyera oyera. Gawo lapansi panthaka ndi nthangala. Masamba okhala ndi masamba obiriwira owala bwino, samafa nthawi yokumata.	Nthawi yogwira ntchito yomera ndi masika - yophukira. Mu Seputembala, nthitiyo imakumbidwa. Pamodzi ndi chotupa chomwechi amasungidwa pamalo owuma, abwino. Kutsirira ndizochepa.	Amethyst ndi utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi fungo losangalatsa; Ngale - maluwa ataliatali onunkhira bwino; Imulungu wobiriwira - maluwa obiriwira opepuka amakhala okongoletsedwa ndi lalifupi lalifupi la utoto wowala wa mandimu.
Remanna	Duwa lalifupi ndi masamba opapatiza. Gawo mobisa ndi tuber. Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana - pinki, lilac, burgundy, pichesi, utoto.	Amagwa masamba mu kugwa. M'nyengo yozizira, amapuma. Madera owuma amasankhidwa kuti amalime.	Chameleon ndiwosatha. Masamba ndiwobiriwira owoneka bwino ndi zidutswa zambiri zasiliva. Khutu lachikasu lakutidwa ndi pachovala ngati pepala lofiirira; Madzulo - undersized osatha. Maluwa ofiirira akuda amakhala ndi mawonekedwe akuda kwambiri; Picasso tchire lalitali. Masamba aatali owongola bwino. M'kati mwa chikasu chowala chachikasu, pamatuluka malo ena akuda.
Eliot	Chomera chokhala ndi masamba akuluakulu, osiyanasiyana, owoneka ngati mtima. Imakhala ndi chophimba pang'ono cha uvy: oyera oyera mkati, chitumbuwa - kunja. Msinkhu - 0,5 m.	Amakonzekeretsa pang'ono nthaka yachonde. Ikulani pambali dzuwa. Feteleza ndi feteleza umachitika sabata iliyonse. Zimayankha bwino pakubwera kwa organics.	Vermeer - yoyera yoyera imakongoletsa chivundikiro chofiirira cha ngale zazing'ono zazing'ono; Kona yachikasu - maluwa a mthunzi wotentha dzuwa. Emerald imachoka ndi madontho owala; Kukongola kwamaso akuda - mitundu yayikulu ya utoto wowala wachikaso wokhala ndi malo apapo.

Kubzala ma callas ndi kuwasamalira panja

Dzuwa, lalikulu malo okonzekera kumera dimba. Njira yabwino ndikubzala callas pafupi ndi zitsamba, nthambi za mitengo. Adzakutetezani kuti musayake ndi dzuwa. Ma callas samatulutsa mumthunzi.

Kuti mupeze gawo lapamwamba kwambiri, nthaka yamaluwa, mchenga wamtsinje, peat, humus imasakanikirana mofanana. Chofunikira ndi kupangidwa kwa ngalande. Zosavomerezeka pafupi ndi malo apansi panthaka.

Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zodzala

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yoyenera pakukula. Ochulukira kwambiri ndi a Kalla waku Ethiopia, Remanne. Kwambiri pochoka, ali ndi zokongoletsera.

Ma tubers abwino ndiakulu. Palibe mawanga, utoto pa iwo. Pogula zinthu zofunikira kubzala, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa tuber iliyonse mosamala. Ubwino umatsimikiziridwa ndi malo ogulitsa maluwa, mawonekedwe oweta, ma fairs, nazale.

Zomera zobzala zimakhazikika mu yankho la fungicide. Nthawi yowonekera ndi mphindi 10 mpaka 40. Ma biofungicides otchuka ndi Phytosporin, Gamair, Gliokladin, Alirin-B.

Zowongolera

Ukadaulo umakhala ndi zovuta zina:

Nthawi yoyenera kubzala m'nthaka ndikuyamba kwa Meyi. M'madera ena, nthawi imachedwetsedwa ndi masiku 7-14 chifukwa cha kutenthaku.
Pamalo omwe anakumba, mabowo aku 1 dm amapangidwa.
Tubers Pre-ankathandizidwa ndi Kukula stimulator - potaziyamu nitrate, superphosphate.
Mbande musanabzalire zolimba masiku 7-10.
Denga losanjikiza limayikidwa pansi pa dimples - miyala yayikulu, dongo lokulitsidwa, zidutswa za njerwa.
Mtunda pakati pa mbeu yoyandikana ndi 40 cm.
Mukabzala gwiritsani feteleza wa mchere (diammofosku) - 30 g / m2.
Tubers amaikidwa mu zitsime zakonzedwa.
Mbande owazidwa ndi lapansi.
Madzi ndi mapangidwe a masamba oyamba.
Zitsime zokhala ndi mbande zimanyowa mutabzala.

Kuthirira, kuthira feteleza, feteleza

Atakhala ndi maluwa pansi, amayembekeza masiku 14. Nyowetsani nthaka kuti ipange mizu yabwino, kuti madzi asalowe mwachindunji. Kutsirira kotsatira kumachitika pambuyo pakupanga masamba owona owona.

Dothi limanyowa sabata iliyonse. Pachilala, kuchuluka kwamadzi kukuchulukirachulukira. Mukathirira, dothi limasulidwa pang'onopang'ono. Odziwa odziwa zamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito nyongolotsi. Kutsirira kumayendetsedwa pamene nthaka imuma.

Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayendetsa kukula kwa masamba, mapangidwe a maulendo apaulendo. Pakadutsa masiku 14 mutabzala, feteleza wazomera zazikulu kwambiri umayikidwa pansi pa chomera chilichonse. Mwezi uliwonse, dothi pansi pa callas limathiriridwa ndi yankho lamadzi ndi asidi - acetic, citric kapena succinic (20 g ya mankhwala amasungunuka 10 l amadzi).

Njira zosungira tubers

Mukugwa, kukonzekera kwa callas nthawi yachisanu kumayamba. Tubers amasankhidwa pansi mu khumi lachitatu la September, isanayambike chisanu. Amatsukidwa ndi dothi, kutsukidwa modekha popanda kuwononga mizu yofooka. Kenako kumizidwa mu yankho la potaziyamu permanganate: makilogalamu 5-6 pa kapu imodzi ya madzi ofunda. Masamba omwe alipo. Pambuyo pa theka la ola amachichotsa, amawuma mumdima.

Masabata awiri osungidwa pa kutentha kwa + 5 ... +15 ° C. Chifukwa cha masamba amakhala ndi zakudya. Mizu yofunda imadulidwa ku tubers zouma, ndikusiya ana kuti adzalowe masika. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate.

Asungeni nthawi yozizira akhale pazipepala. Kunyumba, amagwiritsa ntchito firiji yokonza, yoyikidwa mu sphagnum moss.

Tubers amayendera sabata iliyonse. Zimpso zoyambirira zikapangidwa, maluwa a calla amabzalidwa mumphika. Khalani ndi ngati chomera. Pambuyo poopseza chisanu, ikani pansi.

Kufalitsa kwa maluwa a maluwa a calla

Kulima maluwa kumakhalapo kwa mlimi aliyense. Njira:

mbewu;
zipatso - kubala tuber, kugawanika kwa muzu, chitsamba.

Mbewu

Kufalitsa kotero kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mitundu yachilendo yatsopano. Ngati mbewu, sankhani chomera cholimba, chathanzi, siyani khutu. Atafota, mbewu zimacha. The inflorescence imadulidwa, kuphatikizidwa m'magawo awiri. Muli ndi njere. Zomwe amatolera zimachitika mosamala kwambiri.

Kwa maola asanu ndi limodzi, njere zimasungidwa mu chopangira chowonjezera - Emistim C. Kwa sabata limodzi iwo amamera mu chidebe chonyowa. Kenako ikani gawo lapansi. Khalani pamalo otentha. Mbande zolimba zimabzalidwa m'nthaka. Nthawi yoyenera ndiye kutha kwa Meyi.

Zamasamba

Gawo la Rhizome ndiloyenera ku maluwa a calla aku Ethiopia. Chitani izi mu kugwa. Patulani khosi la chomera ndi mizu. Sungani pamalo amdima ndi chinyezi chachikulu kutentha kwa +15 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mizu yathanzi imapangidwa. Pakutha kwa nyengo yamasika, mbewu zakonzeka kubzala pamalowo.

Kufalitsa Tuber ndiyo njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Kukula kwa zinthu zofunikira kubzala kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera - Humate, Fumar, Succinic acid.

Ma Tubers amaikidwa mumbale zokhala ndi gawo lapansi labwino. Sungani kutentha kwa mpweya +25 ° C. Madzi nthaka ikamuma. Kubwera kwa chilimwe, ma corm amadzazidwa ndikuthamanga ndi dothi masentimita 10. Njira iyi imakuthandizani kuti mupititse patsogolo maluwa.

Kupanga ntchito

Kutuluka, callas ndipamene pamakhala maluwa okongola kwambiri. Amasankhidwa kuti apange nyimbo zodabwitsa kwambiri. Ma callas amayikidwa m'mphepete mwa njira zopondera, zophatikizidwa ndi mabedi a maluwa, mabedi a maluwa, obzalidwa pafupi ndi dziwe lochita kupanga. Mitundu italiitali imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyimbo imodzi.