Mitundu Alocasia imaphatikizapo nthawi zonse kuposa masamba makumi asanu omwe amatalika ndi 40 cm mpaka 2 mita kapena kupitilira apo. Amapezeka m'malo otentha komanso madera otentha (Asia, Australia, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Central ndi South America). Mu zovala zathu, amakongoletsa zipinda zonse ndi minda. Mayina ena: trefoil / trefoil, armagh, nyengo.
Kunyumba, alocasia amakula m'nkhalango zotentha, pomwe mvula yamkuntho ikakhala chinyezi chambiri, mbewu "imalira." Madzi ochulukirapo amatulutsidwa masamba. Kudziwa kuti chinyezi cha mpweya chimatuluka mvula isanabwere, nyengo imatha kuloseredwa kuchokera masamba a alocasia. Zomera zamkati "zonyowa" ndi kuthirira kwambiri.
Zikhulupiriro komanso zikhulupiriro zodziwika bwino zimati ndizowopsa kusunga mbewuyi mnyumba chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwake. Komabe, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, malowa sadzetsa mavuto akulu.
Kufotokozera
Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi masamba. Ndizokulirapo (mpaka 50 cm), wandiweyani, wowuma wokhala ndi malekezero owongoka, wokhala ndi mitsempha yowoneka bwino pamtambo wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mandata ambiri (mabowo apadera opumira). Nthawi zambiri mawonekedwe awo amafanana ndi mtima wokhala ndi mmbali komanso cholozera cholunjika. Masamba amaphatikizidwa ndi phesi lolimba ndi petioles yowutsa mudyo. Chifukwa chakuphatika kwapadera pa phesi lalifupi, zikuwoneka kuti siomaliza. Izi zimapanga mulu wobiriwira wodabwitsa wa masamba okongoletsa.
Chitsamba chimodzi chamtundu wa alocasia chimakhala ndi masamba asanu ndi atatu, chitatha kuoneka 9 - masamba oyamba kufa ndikugwa.
Poyerekeza ndi masamba owoneka bwino, maluwa a alocasia sadziwika. Inflorescence - pinki, oyera, achikaso ndi makutu obiriwira. Kumbali imodzi yazunguliridwa ndi petal wobiriwira wachikasu. Kunyumba, mbewu zamaluwa sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Inflorescence yosakhazikika bwino imachotsedwa, pamene imayamwa mphamvu ya duwa ndikuchepetsa, siyani kukula. Ngati duwa lakwanitsa kutulutsa maluwa, mutha kudikirira zipatso zosapsa ndi mbewu (mpaka 5 zidutswa). Zipatso zili ngati nthambi yamadzi yam'nyanja.
Mitundu
Mitundu yotchuka ya Alocasia:
| Onani | Mawonekedwe |
| Sander | Masamba akulu obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi mitsempha yoyera ndi m'mphepete. Chowoneka ndi mawonekedwe achitsulo ndi zowoneka bwino zamitsempha. |
| Polly | Ndi wosakanizidwa wa Sander. Amaluwa nthawi zambiri kuposa mitundu ina. |
| Amazonia | Mitundu yapakatikati-pamtunda (tsinde lobiriwira lobiriwira ndi mitsempha yakuda, kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 60 cm). Masamba ndiwobiriwira wakuda ndi mawonekedwe a chithokomiro, omwe ali ndi notches yaying'ono, ali ndi mitsempha yolocha kumbali. |
| Wofiirira | Zosiyanasiyana zazing'ono ndi timapepala totsikira mumitima yamitima. Chosiyanitsa ndi mtundu wofiyira. |
| Mbatata | Fikirani mita imodzi kutalika. Mtundu wa masamba akuluakulu umasiyana ndi mtundu wa emerald wambiri mpaka wobiriwira wakuda. Palinso kutupa kwapadera m'dera lolumikizidwa ndi anyaniwa. |
| Coarse | Mtima woboola pakati masamba. Pansi pa mbale, mitsempha yokhala ndi mawu abwino imatchulidwa bwino. Zosiyanasiyana, thunthu limafika 2 metres. Zipatso zake ndi zofiira. Zosiyanasiyana - varocate alocasia. Masamba ake ndiocheperako, okhala ndi mawanga oyera oyera. |
| Zonunkhira (Zonunkhira) | Mitundu ya Grassy mpaka mita 1. Imasiyana m'mitundu yakale (yotsika, yayitali) ndi masamba achichepere (chithokomiro). Limamasamba kwambiri. |
| Macrorisa Stingray (wogwirizanitsa) | Mitundu yayikulu mpaka mita 2-3 kutalika. Zabwino kwa greenh m'nyumba ndi malo osungira. Masamba amphamvu a mtundu wokhazikika wa mawonekedwe ozungulira wamtima. |
| Chovala chakuda | Potsimikizira dzina lake, masamba a mitundu iyi ndi velvety wakuda ndi burgundy. Fomuyo ndi mtima wopota. Maluwa ndi pinki. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, limaphuka. |
| Otsika | Thunthu laling'ono limapanga nthambi zobisika. Imafika kutalika kwa mita imodzi. Masamba obiriwira owumbika kapena owaza owoneka ndi mikwingwirima. Mkati mwa pepalalo ndi utoto wakuda. |
| Venti | Zosiyanasiyana alocasia zazikulu zazikulu. Mtundu wamasamba ndiwotuwa komanso utoto wachitsulo. Mbali yosiyana ndi yofiira. Chimakula bwino bwino. |
| Chinjoka (Chinjoka) | Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira osachedwa ndi masamba okhala ndi mitsempha yobiriwira yakuda. Masamba achilendo amafanana ndi mamba pakhungu kapena mapiko a nkhokwe zowoneka bwino. |
| Sander | Imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba okongola osakanikirana omwe amaphatikiza mithunzi yobiriwira, mkuwa ndi utoto ndi mitsempha yokulitsidwa. |
| Kalidola | Alocasia wamkulu kwambiri. Mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe umapezeka podutsa fungo la alocasia ndi gagaena. Masamba ndi akulu, opepuka, wobiriwira. Adzakula m'minda yozizira ndi greenh m'nyumba. |
| Portodora | Wophatikiza watsopano. Masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wavy onenepa amakhala okhazikika pa petioles zofiirira. |
| Regina | Imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi gawo lalitali. |
| Bambino | Zophatikiza mitundu Sandera. Amayesedwa ngati mtundu wocheperako, kutalika kwake sikupita masentimita 40. Ili ndi masamba opyapyala okhala ndi malekezero akuthwa. |
| Siliva Bambino | Chomera chaching'ono cholimba (mpaka 30-35 masentimita kutalika) ndi masamba a siliva a matte okhala ndi mitsempha yopepuka. Mbali yosiyana ndi yofiira. |
Kusamalira Panyumba
Chinyezi chowonjezereka chimapangidwa ndi kupopera nthawi zonse (kangapo patsiku) kupopera masamba ambiri. Pazifukwa izi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa, ngati sichoncho.
Zomwe zimachitika posamalira nyengo:
| Parameti | Zima | Kasupe | Chilimwe | Wagwa |
| Kutentha kwa mpweya | Osachepera + 18ºС. Muchepetse kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi kutentha kwamkati mwa mpweya wabwino. | + 21 ... + 26ºС | ||
| Chinyezi | Pamwamba | |||
| Kuthirira | Kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata. | Kuthirira masiku atatu aliwonse. Kutentha kwambiri, tsiku lililonse. | ||
| Kuwala | Kuphatikiza kuwala kwawoko kwa maola 1-2 (mitundu yokhala ndi masamba opindika). | Zofunika kwambiri pazomera zongobzala kumene. Kwa maluwa okhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira - pang'ono pang'ono. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa. | ||
| Malo | Mayendedwe akumwera | Windows kum'mawa / kumadzulo. | ||
| Mawonekedwe amlengalenga | Musachotseko zolemba. Kuyendetsa bwino pang'ono mchipindacho. | |||
Kuthirira
Zomwe zimathirira malinga ndi nyengo:
| Nyengo | Zida zakuthirira |
| Nyengo yophukira | Zambiri. Kuthirira kwapansi kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira pamtunda (kangapo patsiku). |
| Zima | Wokhazikika, wapakatikati (kuyanika dothi sikuloledwa). |
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Panthawi yogwira ntchito mwachangu (Marichi-Okutobala), alocasia ndiyofunikira kupatsa feteleza wa mchere. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopanga feteleza yazomera zam'madzi idzachita. Amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi mukathilira 2 pamwezi.
Chonde meza
| Kudyetsa | Qty ikufunika | Nthawi Yogwiritsira Ntchito |
| Potaziyamu sulfate | 10-15 g | Miyezi yotentha |
| Superphosphate | 5-10 g | |
| Phosphoric ufa | ||
| Urea | 15-20 g | Miyezi yophukira / Juni |
| Ammonium sulfate | 10-15 g |
Kubzala, kufalikira, kubereka
Alocasia imasinthidwa m'malo abwino kamodzi pakatha miyezi 4. Zochita zimadalira ngati kugawidwa kwa chitsamba kapena ayi. Ngati ndi kotheka gawani mbewuyo, yeretsani pansi. Ngati cholinga ndikungofunika kupaka, chotupa sichichotsedwa.
Mutha kufalitsa zokongola:
- rhizome (ofanana ndi tuber);
- kudula;
- mbewu.
Chapakatikati, mbewu zimabzalidwa mumchenga wokhala ndi peat wozikidwa ndi masentimita 1. Kenako, mbewu zimathiridwa madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu, ndikupanga wowonjezera kutentha. Pambuyo pa masiku 18 mpaka 22, mphukira zimawonekera. Nthambi zing'onozing'ono zimabzalidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana. Masamba okongoletsa odziwika amatha kuonekera muzomera za chaka chimodzi zokha.
Nthaka, kubzala mphamvu
Kusankha kwa mphika kumatengera kukula kwa duwa.
Ndikofunikira kuti chidebe ndi chakuya komanso chokhazikika, chotseguka pansi.
Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, acidic pang'ono, koma lokhala ndi michere. Dothi lotsatirali ndiloyenera:
- Malo okhala ndi nyemba zambiri (okhala ndi singano zowola), dothi lamasamba (humus kuchokera masamba),
- peat
- mchenga.
Nthawi zambiri phatikizani zigawo zingapo. Kwa mbande zokhala ndi zaka zopitilira 3 zimawonjezera humus yopatsa thanzi yosakanizika ndi lapansi (apo ayi mutha kuwotcha mizu). Mutha kubweretsa dothi lochotsa mundawo ndikuwonjezera mchenga ndi humus. Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugula chisakanizo chopangidwa chokongoletsera ndi mbewu zowola.
Kuphatikiza pa nthaka yoyenera, chisamaliro chimayenera kutengedwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti madzi akwanira. Miyala yaying'ono, dongo lokwezedwa, mwala wosemphana ndi woyenera pazolinga izi. Malo osanjikiza amathira pansi pa thankiyo (osachepera ¼ a voliyumu yonse).
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Alocasia mosasamala imakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo ta maluwa.
| Matenda / Tizilombo | Mawonekedwe | Choyambitsa / Chochita kuchita tizilombo? | Njira zoyesera |
| Zovunda | Kumangidwa kumera, masamba amataya mawonekedwe, amagwa. | Makina olakwika amathirira. | Thirani, kuchotsa zowonongeka mizu tubers, chithandizo cha yotsala ya mkuwa sulphate (2 malita a madzi / supuni 1). |
| Ma nsabwe | Mitundu yambiri yaying'ono / imvi / lalanje (kutengera mitundu) ya midges. Masamba amawoneka osalala, owopsa, mawonekedwe awonongeka. | Tizirombo timayambitsa ndi dothi kapena "oyandikana" pawindo, mwina ndikugwa kudzera pazenera lotseguka. | Kumwaza / kuchiza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Fitoverm: 4ml / 1l), yankho la sopo-mafuta (sopo wamadzi / masamba mafuta). |
| Chotchinga | Ma tubercles osadziwika a bulauni komanso akuda. Pali chikasu, masamba akugwa, mpaka kufa kwathunthu. | Alonda oyesera amamwa kuyamwa kwa mbewu, amabweretsedwa ndi dothi. | Sambani tizilombo ndi madzi a sopo pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yofewa, gwiritsani masamba ndi dothi ndi mankhwala a Aktar (0,8 g / 1 lita imodzi ya madzi. |
| Spider mite | Malo ambiri oyera pamasamba, akugwirana ndi kambuku kakang'ono. | Mafunso achichepere amasokoneza thanzi la mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa. | Chitani ndi Actellik (2 ml / 2l yamadzi). |
| Mealybug | Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga chinthu choyera, chofewa, ngati ubweya wa thonje. | Chotsani michere. | Chotsani tizirombo ndi zolembera ndi sopo wamadzi kapena tincture wa calendula, utsi ndi madzi amchere (katatu pa sabata), chitani ndi Akatar (katatu pa sabata). |
| Whitefly | Masamba amataya machulukidwe amitundu, kufota. Chovala chowoneka bwino (mame a uchi) chimapangidwa pachomera - zinyalala. | Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta mapiko awiri. Akuluakulu onsewo ndi mphutsi zake zimadya madzi amadzimadzi. | Chitani ndi Confiform (0,5 ml / 1 lita imodzi ya madzi), kuwonjezera, ikani misampha yapadera ya guluu (Pheromone, Bone Forte). |
A Dachnik amalimbikitsa: Alocasia - dokotala wanyumba
Madokotala aku China adakhulupirira kale kuti infusions kuchokera ku mizu ndi zimayambira za alocasia zili ndi zothandiza pochiritsa. Maphikidwe achinsinsi amathandizira mafupa opweteka (rheumatism, gout, osteochondrosis, polyarthritis), matenda amitsempha, zotupa, mitsempha ya varicose, kufooka kwa chithokomiro. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo mkati.
Madziwo amakhalanso ndi zinthu zoopsa - mercuric chloride, mercury ndi cyanides. Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala pakukonzekera mankhwala othandizira ndikumwa madontho ochepa.
Kuchokera pamasamba, kukonzekera kupweteka kwa dzino, chifuwa chachikulu ndi chibayo zakonzedwa. Mankhwala, tsamba lachinayi chachikaso pachikhatho chachikulu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuchokera pa tsamba limodzi, 0,5 l ya tincture yochiritsa imapezeka.
Mankhwala a antibacterial omwe amagwira ntchito mu staphylococcus, streptococcus ndi matenda am'mimba amakhala okonzeka kuchokera kuzinthu zofunika.
Mowa wakumwa zoledzeretsa umapweteketsa udzudzu ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kuluma njoka.
Chithandizo cha makolo chimalangiza msuzi wa alocasia, mafuta oikidwa chifukwa cha zotupa, kuphatikizapo oncology. Kafukufuku wothandiza wa kuchipatala sanawululire zodalirika zothandizidwa. Chifukwa chake, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala azamba zochokera ku alocasia, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala, pali contraindication kuti mugwiritse ntchito.
