Brovallia - kukula ndi kusamalira kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Browallia (Browallia) - chomera chamaluwa kuchokera ku banja lalikulu la nightshade. Ili ndi dzina lake polemekeza wolemba zamasamba waku Sweden a J. Browall. Malo obadwira a browlia ndi Central ndi South America. Mbewu itha kubzalidwa ngati chomera, khonde kapena chomera chamkati. Kutalika kwapakati pa tchire kumayambira 20 mpaka 30 cm.

Maluwa ndi ojambulidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, totengera nyenyezi, amapangidwa mumtundu wa tsamba. Kusintha kwa maluwa kumasiyana kuchokera koyera mpaka kofiyira. Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo komanso aatali, mpaka ozizira kwambiri. Masamba ndi osachedwa, kutalika kwa 5-6 cm.Mbale zamasamba, kutengera mitundu mitundu yobiriwira.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatchera khutu zomera zabwino ngati za Achimenes.

Brovallia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Monga zikhalidwe zina, browallia imakula bwino kunyumba ndi kumamasuwa kokha ndi chisamaliro choyenera:

Browllia amasamalira kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kusamalira browllia kunyumba kumafuna maluso ena. Chomera chimafuna kwambiri nyengo yachisanu ndipo nthawi zambiri imavutika ndi kangaude.

Maluwa

Browllia limamasula poyera kuyambira koyambirira kwa Julayi; kunyumba, nyengo yamaluwa imayamba kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Okutobala. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, maluwawo amaphimba tchire lonse.

Pambuyo maluwa, mmera umatha kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri umafa. Chifukwa chake, pakati pa olima maluwa, amakhulupirira kuti itha kubzalidwa pokhapokha ngati maluwa.

Njira yotentha

M'chilimwe, brovallia amafunika kutentha pang'ono; kutentha, kutulutsa kwamphamvu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Chomera chimamveka bwino pamakonde oyang'ana kumayendedwe amakono. Pamene browllia ili kumwera chakum'mwera, imayenera kuzunguliridwa nthawi yamasana yotentha. Mukabzala m'mundamo, umayikidwa pafupi ndi mitengo yayitali ya zipatso, yomwe imapereka mthunzi wofunikira.

M'nyengo yozizira, browllia imafunikira kutentha pamlingo + 12-15 °. Pamalo otentha, masamba ake amayamba kuuma, ndipo masamba ndi maluwa amagwa. Chomera chimatulutsa mwachangu ndi kutaya kukongoletsa kwake.

Kuwaza

Chomera cha browllia kunyumba chimapoperedwa bwino nthawi ndi nthawi. Ndiuma kwambiri kwa mpweya, imayamba kugwidwa ndi kangaude. Kuthira mankhwalawa, madzi owiritsa kapena okhathamira kutentha kwa chipinda kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuwala

Kunyumba kwakunyumba kumamera bwino. M'chilimwe, imayikidwa bwino pazenera zakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Pamenepo adzatetezedwa ku dzuwa ladzuwa lamoto. M'nyengo yozizira, mphika womwe uli ndi mbewuyo ungasamutsidwe kumwera.

Ndikusowa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe, matenthedwe amayenera kuchepetsedwa kukhala 10 +. Izi zimalepheretsa mphukira kuti isatambasule.

Kuthirira Browllia

M'chilimwe, browllia imafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kambiri. Nthawi zambiri, amathiriridwa madzi masiku onse atatu ndi atatu. M'nyengo yozizira, mphamvuyo imachepetsedwa kwambiri, imakhala yokwanira 1 pa sabata. Pankhaniyi, pamwamba pa dothi liyenera kuti liume pang'ono.

Madzi ofewa othirira amafunikira kuthirira. Kukongoletsa dothi, komwe kumatha kuchitika ngati kuthilira kuchokera pa mpopi chomera kumapha.

Poto wa Browllia

Pakakulitsa browlia, mapoto apulasitiki a voliyumu yoyenera amasankhidwa. Chofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo ndi kukhalapo kwa mabowo okwirira. Ngakhale kusunthika kwakanthawi kochepa kumamupha. Kunyumba, brovallia nthawi zambiri amakula mphukira zazitali, zotsika, kotero mapoto opachikira ndi mabasiketi amatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukulitsa.

Dothi

Browllia amafunika dothi lotayirira, lopatsa thanzi. Amapangidwa ndi zigawo zofanana za dziko lapansi la turf, humus ndi mchenga. Pokhapokha ngati mwayi wodzipangira pawokha, amapeza gawo loyambira senpolia kapena dothi losakanizika ndi chilengedwe mosasankha.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Monga mbewu zonse zamaluwa zochulukira, mbewu za brovallia zimafunikira kuthira manyowa. Mukamasankha, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zimapangitsa molakwika kukhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri. Chifukwa chake, feteleza amaweta mu theka la mlingo woyenera. Zomera zimadyetsedwa kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Seputembala ndi pafupipafupi masabata awiri.

Kupatsira Browaglia

Kuyika kwa Browaglia kumachitika mchaka. Mtengowo udagwetsedwa mosamala mumphika wakale ndikuusamutsa wina wowonjezera, ndikuwonjezera malo atsopano.

Mutha kuchita popanda kusintha.. M mphika, topamwamba ndiye kuti amangochotsa mosamala ndikusintha watsopano.

Kodi kudula browllia?

Kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika. Nthawi imeneyi, mphukira zakale komanso zodutsa zimachotsedwa. Pofuna kulimbitsa nthambi, nthambi zomwe zimakula zimadinikiza kangapo.

Brovallia nthawi yachisanu komanso yophukira

Ziphuphu zomwe zimamera pakhonde kapena m'munda zimabwera kunyumba ndi chisanu. Amayikidwa pamalo oyanika bwino ndi kutentha osaposa + 15 °. Zomera za m'nyumba zimachepetsedwa. Izi zikapanda kuchitidwa, mbewuzo zimafa posachedwa.

Kukula browllia kuchokera ku mbewu

Mbewu za Browllia zimafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa February. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani pulasitiki chokhala ndi saizi yoyenera komanso dothi lotayirira, lonyowa. Pansi pa thankiyo, madzi akumwa amakakamizidwa. Mbewu mu browllia ndizochepa, chifukwa sizimakutidwa ndi dothi. Kuti imathandizire kumera isanafesere, imatha kunyowa m'madzi ofunda kwa masiku awiri. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusintha maola onse a 8.

Pofesa, njere zimagawidwa bwino bwino pamwamba pa dothi ndikufafanizidwa kuchokera pa mfuti. Mutabzala, chotengera chimatsekedwa ndi chidutswa chagalasi kapena filimu. Mukamapanga wowonjezera kutentha, mbewu zimamera mwachangu. Nthambi zoyamba zimapezeka m'masiku 10-15.

Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, filimuyo imachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo chidebe chimayikidwa pafupi kwambiri ndi gwero lounikira.

Pambuyo pakupanga masamba awiri owona, mbande zimadumphira m'miphika yosiyana.

Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat pofesa mbewu za brovallia. Izi zimapewa kuwonongeka kwa mizu pakutsamira. Asanagwiritse ntchito, amathiridwa m'madzi ofunda mpaka atatupa kwathunthu. Mbeu zitatu zimabzalidwa piritsi lililonse. Atabzala, amayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Mbeu zikangomera ndikukula ndi mizu, zimabzalidwa limodzi ndi piritsi m'magalasi. Asanafike pa mauna a mauna, kudula zingapo kumapangidwa ndipo kumachotsedwa kwathunthu.

Kufalitsa kwa brovale podulidwa

Brovallia imafalikira mosavuta ndi ma cutic apical. Amakololedwa kumera athanzi. Kudula kumatha kuchitika chaka chonse, koma kuchuluka kwakukulu kopulumuka kumawonedwa nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe. Zodulidwa sizikhala ndi masamba ndi maluwa, chifukwa zimayamba msanga kwambiri.

Podzala, konzekerani mkate wina kapena makapu amodzi. Mukabzala, zodulidwazo siziikidwapo kuposa masentimita 1-2. Kusakaniza kwa peat ndi perlite kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo laling'ono pakuzika mizu. Zomera zikayamba kukula, uzitsine katatu. Izi zingathandize kupanga zitsamba zowonda, zopangidwa bwino.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ngati tekinoloje itawonedwa, browllium imatha kudwala matenda angapo:

• Pali duwa loyera pama masamba a brovallia. Mokulira chomera chimakhala ndi matenda a powderyyp - matenda owopsa a fungus. Choyamba, zolengeza zimawonekera pamiphukira yaying'ono, kenako zimafalikira ku chomera chonse. Ngati sanachitepo kanthu, browllium amwalira pang'onopang'ono. Kufalikira kwambiri kwa ufa wa powdery kumawonedwa pakalibe mpweya wabwino komanso kutsika kosasintha kwa kutentha. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, fungicides apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Masamba a Brovallia amagwa. Vutoli limachitika pamene matenthedwe amakula kwambiri nthawi yachisanu. Zomera ziyenera kuumbidwanso posachedwa m'malo abwino kwambiri ndi kutentha kosaposa + 15 °.
• Masamba a Brovallia amatembenukira chikasu. Chomera chimavutika ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe kapena kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mosayenera. Browllia iyenera kuphimbidwa kapena kukonzedwanso m'malo ozizira. Ngati vuto ndi feteleza, sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mwezi umodzi.

Browllia, kukula m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kangaude wa mbewa, mealybug, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizilombo tambiri.

Mitundu ya ma brovallia opanga ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

M'magulu azikhalidwe, ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa browlia womwe umakula:

Wokongola Brovallia (Browallia speciosa)

Zomera zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimasungidwa bwino. Kutalika kwa tchire sikupita masentimita 35-50. Amadziwika ndi mphukira zazifupi, zopanda masamba ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi malangizo owongoka. Motsatira mitsempha ya masamba, masamba ofowoka amawonekera bwino.

Maluwa ndi osakwatiwa, okulirapo mokwanira, mpaka 5 cm. Amapezeka mumasamba ochotsera. Muli ndi 5 pamakhala. Mtundu, kutengera mitundu, ungakhale woyera mpaka utoto wakuya. Maluwa okongola a browll amakhala pamiyendo yokongola, yayitali, yomwe imapatsa mbewuyo chidwi komanso chithumwa.