Peperomy yobiriwira yonse ya banja la tsabola ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 1000. Idzawoneka yabwino ngati chomera chayokha komanso chamaluwa. Izi zimakopa ambiri wamaluwa. Ichi ndikuwonjezera nyumba ndikuzindikira, koma kuti tipeze maluwa owonjezera pachaka, ndikofunikira kudziwa mayendedwe akuluakulu a chisamaliro, njira zolerera, matenda omwe angakhalepo, gulu la mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya peperomia.
Peperomia: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Zomera ndizosavuta kubereka. Pezani chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya peperomia imafunikira zofanana kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kuyatsa, ndi kutentha. Kuti akwere mwachangu ndi kuchulukana, ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyambira kusinthana, komanso kuti ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tingawakhudze bwanji ngati atachitidwa molakwika.
Duwa la Peperomia
Maluwa peperomia
Zomera zimamera pachaka ndi chilimwe. Ngakhale kukonzanso koyenera, kupereka madzi okwanira kumatha kuphuka nthawi yachiwiri kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Maluwa siwokondweretsa kwenikweni, chifukwa ndiwofatsa. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono opanda perianth amawonekera, amasonkhana mu inflorescence ngati cob kapena spikelet. Peduncles amafunika kudulidwa, chifukwa amatsogolera pakufinya kwa mbewuyo ndipo alibe kukongoletsa. Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunika kuzikonza pa gawo la nyukiliya, kuti peperomia isataye masamba pambuyo maluwa.
Momwe limamasulira
Peperomia opambana
Mitundu ya Ampel imamera ngati mtengo waudzu kapena chitsamba chamtunda chokhala ndi masamba olimba pamiyeso. Peperomia imatha kumera m'malo okhala ndi zinyalala zowirira.
Mitundu yaumwini imamera m'malo achilengedwe monga ma epiphytes:
- Mutu. Masamba obiriwira, onyezimira, pa petioles afupiafupi. Zimayambira ndi nthambi zazitali. Ichi ndi chitsamba chamtengo wapatali chokongoletsera mwachangu.
- Rotundifolia. Amakula ngati epiphyte. Masamba ndi okuda, ozungulira, odzaza. Nthambi zofiirira kapena burgundy. Ziweto ndizifupi.
- Anadandaula. Imasiyanasiyana mu mphukira zamphamvu zazikulu zopachika pamiphika. Akamasamba, maluwa abwinobwino obiriwira komanso maluwa ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa pamapiri awo. Wowala masamba owerengeka omwe amatengedwa ndi ma whorls. Mbale zomwe zili pansi pake ndizosiyananso ndi zofiyira.
- Angulata ndi chitsamba chosatha cha ampel, chofanana ndi tradescantia. Mfuti ndi zopyapyala, zonenepa kwambiri. Masamba amakhala obiriwira, obala-lanceolate kapena okhala ndi mitsempha. Pa nsonga za mphukira nthawi yamaluwa yoluka maluwa ndi spikelets zobiriwira zimapangidwa.
Ma Ampelic mawonekedwe a peperomia
Microclimate
Duwa la Peperomia silikhala lonyentchera kwa microclimate ndipo silikhala ndi nthawi yapadera yopuma. Ngakhale imakonda kumera m'malo a dzuwa, motero ndikofunikira nthawi yachisanu kuti ipereke nyali zowala ndi nyali za fluorescent. Chachikulu ndichakuti mphezi za dzuwa lowongoka sizigwera patchire.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi
Mtengowo ndi wotentha, motero ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutentha kwa chipindacho. Kutentha kolondola pachaka chonse ndi 25 ° C. Mtembowo suyenera kuloledwa kutsikira pansi pa 16 ° C kuti mupewe kukula kwa matenda.
Zofunika! Peperomia amaopa kusanja ndipo samasinthidwa kuti azikula, chitukuko mu nyengo ya Russia poyera. Siyenera kutengedwera kunja ngakhale m'chilimwe. Ngakhale ndikofunikira kuti pakhale phokoso m'chipindacho, kuchotsa duwa kwakanthawi, mwachitsanzo, m'bokosi, ndikuphimba ndi filimu.
Chinyezi cha peperomia zilibe kanthu. Idzamera bwino mnyumba zopanda komanso m'nkhalango zotentha. Palibe chifukwa chofukizira tchire, chifukwa sizokayikitsa kuti madzi amathiridwa ndipo amayenda kuchokera masamba owala. Ndikokwanira kuwapukuta ndi chinkhupule chonyowa, ndikuchotsa fumbi.
Kuwala
Zomera zokhala ndi masamba okhazikika amtundu, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mthunzi wopepuka. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira kuwala kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kukula peperomia pama windows omwe amatha kulowa kummawa, kumadzulo. Koma simuyenera kuyiyika pazenera lakumwera, apo ayi dzuwa lowongolera lingavulaze masamba, mpaka makwinya ndi kuwotcha.
Ndondomeko yothirira komanso dongosolo la feteleza
M'nyengo yotentha, mmera umafunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse, makamaka nthawi yakula. Ndikofunikira kuthirira ndi madzi ofewa osakhazikika firiji.
M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, firiji ya 18 ° C, kutsirira kokwanira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.
Tcherani khutu! Ndizosavomerezeka kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi ozizira kuchokera pampopi, apo ayi atha kudwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Ndikwabwino kuti kuthirira pang'ono ngati dothi limata. Chachikulu ndichakuti musachite mopambanitsa, chifukwa mizu yake imayamba kuola ikadzala madzi. Ndikofunika kumwa madzi ofewa, kupopera madzi mutakhala masiku awiri.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba ndizovomerezeka, kotero kukonzekera kwina kulikonse kwa sitolo kungakhale kovala. Mutha kuthira feteleza wa mchere, kudyetsa kawiri pamwezi kasupe, chilimwe, nthawi yophukira. M'nyengo yozizira, kamodzi pa masabata anayi aliwonse akukwana. Kudyetsa chomera pakupuma sikofunika. Kukanikiza pakati kumalimbikitsidwanso kuti pakhale nthambi za maluwa.
Peperomia Primer
Nthaka yabwino ndi yopepuka, yaphwete, yotseguka ndi kukhoza kotulutsa madzi. Zomwe dothi limapangidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba, humus ndi mchenga (gawo limodzi). Timalimba timadzano ta hydrogel titha kuonjezeranso.
Mulingo woyenera wa nthaka ndi 5,5 mpaka 6.5 pH.
Tcherani khutu! Chomera sichikuzika mizu komanso chitsa. Kukula kwabwinobwino, dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lotengedwa kuchokera ku humus, peat, mchenga. Ndikwabwino kugula nthaka yapadera ya mitundu ya tsabola kapena begonias. Mutha kupanga zosakanikirana ndi manja anu: dothi lamtundu (mbali ziwiri), mchenga, peat, humus (1 gawo lirilonse) kapena peat sheet dothi ndi mchenga, wotengedwa wofanana. Chachikulu ndikuti oxygen imaperekedwa nthawi zonse kuzomwe zimayambira. Kuti izi zitheke, ndikofunika kuyika pansi pa miphika, yomwe imateteza mizu kuti ikhale chinyezi chambiri, kuchitika kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.
Peperomia: kubereka
Kodi maluwa a peperomia amafalikira bwanji:
- Mbewu zofesedwa mu Marichi-Epulo.
- Zidula pogwiritsa ntchito tsinde kapena njira zina. Gawo laling'ono limatengedwa lopangidwa ndi humus, mchenga, peat m'malo ofanana. Zowazika, odulidwa omwe ali ndi node 1-3 amasankhidwa. Mutabzala mu gawo lapansi, miphika imakutidwa ndi galasi, ndikuyika malo otentha kuti muzike mizu 4.
- Mwa chinsalu. Masamba olimba ndi petiole yaying'ono amasankhidwa. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, tsamba limatha kuyikidwa munyengo kuti lisapatse masiku 20-30.
- Ndi chitsamba. Chitsamba chokulirapo chachikulu chimasankhidwa ndipo nthawi yophukira imagawidwa m'magawo awiri a 2-3. Pang'onopang'ono, osavulaza mizu, tengani mphika wawung'ono, ikani pansi pansi. Thirani pogwiritsa ntchito dothi losakanikirana ndi mchenga, peat kapena sphagnum ndi moss.
Zofunika! Ndikwabwino kusankha chidebe chambiri kuti chikavomerezedwe, ndipo mphika uliwonse wotsatira uyenera kukhala wokulirapo nthawi 1.5 kuposa kale. Sikufunika kuti duwa liziwononga mphamvu pakupanga mizu ndikuchepetsa kukongoletsa.
Kubwezeretsanso kwa tsamba la peperomia
Iyi ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza yobala. Oyenera chitsamba komanso peperomia lokwera. Masamba athanzi amasankhidwa, osavulala komanso osapweteka. Pepala lamasamba limadulidwa mosamala ndi mpeni wakuthwa, petiole imasiyidwa m'munsi kutalika kwa 3-4 cm. Kenako, pepalalo limayikidwa m'madzi oyimirira, ndikuyika malo otentha. Madzi amasinthidwa kamodzi pakapita masiku awiri ndi atatu. Pesi ikazika mizu, amathanso kuwaika mu dothi kuchokera paat, perlite ndi mchenga.
Kufalitsa kwa maluwa ndi tsamba
Care amakhala wokhazikika kuthirira, kufoletsa wowonjezera kutentha. Ana adzawonekera pakatha miyezi 1.5-2. Masamba awiri akamakula, mutha kumuyika m'miphika yokhazikika mpaka 5 cm mulifupi.
Kufalikira kwa peperomia podulidwa
Kuti muthe kudula, ndikofunikira kupindika pamwamba pa mphukira ndi ma node 1-3. Kenako imani m'madzi kwa masiku angapo kuti ipange mizu. Kenako mubzale m'nthaka, ndikupatsani udzu wobiriwira.
Pesi ikazika mizu, ndiyofunika kuiika mugalasi ndi dothi, ndikuiyika pamalo otentha pamalo abwino. Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala 25 ° C. Chifukwa chake pirira mwezi umodzi, kuthilira nthawi ndi nthawi mpaka mmera utakula, ndipo mizu yake imakhala yokonzeka kuuthira mumphika.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta peperomia
Mukakhala kuti mulibe chinyezi chokwanira, ndiye kuti mbewu zimayamba kugwa masamba kapena kusanduka lakuda ndi chinyezi chambiri, zotayira zosakwanira m'maphoto.
Masamba amatha chifukwa chosowa kuwala kapena kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kuwala kochepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kutayika kwa mtundu wawo wowoneka bwino.
Matenda akuluakulu a masamba ndi dzimbiri. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, timbale ting'onoting'ono, nthata za akangaude zimathanso kukhudzidwa ngati mbalezo zitayamba kuzimiririka ndikuthothoka turgor. Golden nematode nthawi zambiri imakhazikika pamizu ya chomera, ikayika mazira achikasu. Sichokayikira kuti tchire lotere lingapulumutsidwe, motero ndi bwino kuwononga pamodzi ndi mphikawo.
Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, nthawi zambiri ndi duwa pamakhala mavuto. Kuti masamba asagwere, ndikofunikira kuthirira nthawi yake, osalola kukonzanso mchipindamo kutentha kwambiri.
Nsonga zamasamba zimasanduka zofiirira chifukwa cha kukonzekera kapena hypothermia. Miphika iyenera kuyima pamalo otentha, ndipo kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika ndi madzi okhazikika.
Tcherani khutu! Mphukira ndi masamba amawola, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chinyezi chazimiririka mumphika, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Ngati zinthu sizingasinthe, ndi bwino kuchotsa chitsamba mu mphika, kuyang'ana muzu, ndikuchotsa madera owola.
Masamba achichepere amakula
Masamba amakhala opunduka ndi makwinya chifukwa cholocha dzuwa. Kuwotcha pamapuleti ndikotheka ngati mutasunga duwa lakumwera kwa windowsill.
Chifukwa masamba amasanduka achikasu
Chomera chimakhala chikasu, kenako chimagwa pazifukwa ziwiri:
- madzi okwanira;
- kukhudzana ndi kutentha kochepa.
Mwina dzikolo laphwanyidwa mumphika, kapena chipindacho chiri chabwino.
Masamba achikasu a chomera
Mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu yotsatirayi ikufunika kwambiri ku Russia:
Peperomia Rosso
Shrub, zotsatira za ntchito ya obereketsa zasayansi. Imakula mpaka 20 mpaka 20 cm. Masamba amalumikizidwa kumtengo waukulu. Mbali yakumwambayo ndi yobiriwira yowala, moyang'anizana ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, m'munsi mumakhala kofiyira. Kusamalira kunyumba kwa Peperomia Rosso sikovuta.
Peperomia Caperata (Caperata)
Zomera zobiriwira zamuyaya. Masamba a Peperomia (peperomia) Caperata ndi opanga mtima mpaka 4 cm, zimayambira zimakhala zofiira kapena zobiriwira zazifupi. Mbale zowola, mbali imodzi yokhala ndi mitsempha yakuya ya burgundy. Pakutha maluwa, ma spikelets woonda omwe ali ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono amawonekera.
Kuwoneka kwa peperomia wamapa
Peperomia Prostrata (Peperomia Prostrata)
Chomera chaching'ono chosakanikirana chomwe chimawoneka choyambirira mumiphika ndi mainchesi 5. 5. Iyi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera. Amakonda bwino chinyezi, koma chokwanira kwambiri. Amatengera chikhalidwe chokhazikika. Imafika pamtunda wa 100 cm, koma squat, wokwera chomera chambiri.
Peperomia chisel
Chomera chokoma cha Perekiselistny chokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino osakhalitsa komanso akulu. Zowoneka, masamba azitsamba amawoneka ngati ophatikizika. Kuwala kwadzuwa kumafika mosavuta pamakona amaso chifukwa chodulidwa kumtunda ndi mawonekedwe owonekera. M'nyengo yotentha, mitengo yofupikitsa komanso inflorescence imawoneka ngati mitundu ya maluwa ovala zipatso pamtunda wa mphukira.
Kodi maluwa ngati chisel amawoneka bwanji?
Peperomia monolithic
Ampelic mawonedwe a zokwawa peperomia - duwa lamkati. Chikhala chokongoletsera chabwino kwa veranda, kutsegulira zenera. Amamera ndi masamba ozungulira owala obiriwira, atakhala okhazikika pa petioles. Masiketi ofiira afika mpaka 2 cm. Round-peperomia imawoneka ngati mipira ya openwork komanso kusangalatsa diso. Monolithic peperomia ilibe nthawi yopumira, chifukwa chake, imakondwera ndi kukongola kwake chaka chonse.
Bushy Peperomia
Amamera m'mizere mpaka 15 cm. Nthawi yamaluwa, inflorescence ochokera ku spikelets amawonekera.
Peperomia Graveolens (Peperomia tombolens)
Wowoneka bwino wakuda masamba ambiri okongola ndi masamba okongola. Pamwamba pakepo ndi wobiriwira wopepuka, pansi ruby kapena burgundy. Masamba amakula, kupindika kuloza mpaka mphukira. Nthawi zina maluwa akumkati a ficus peperomia amakula lofanana ndi matanthwe.
Zambiri! Ngati mungaphimbe dothi mumphika ndi timiyala ndikubzala duwa losalala, mutha kukwaniritsa zotsatira zapadera ndikufanana kwakukulu ndi moyo wapamadzi.
Variegate Peperomia
Duwa ili mwachilengedwe limapezeka ndi mtundu wofiirira, beige, wobiriwira wamdima, masamba asiliva. Mtundu wa peperomia wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana okhala ndi utoto m'mitundu itatu. Duwa lotchuka ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndipo limasiyidwa ndi malire wofiyira kuti lipereke kufotokozera. Choyimira nyumbacho ndi chaching'ono, motero ndi choyenera m'nyumba iliyonse kapena poletsa maluwa osiyanasiyana.
Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Peperomia yachipinda (bronze, mosagate, Ferreira, bushy, monolithic, Wosangalala) amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yambiri komanso mawonekedwe a masamba. Ngati itayang'aniridwa bwino, mosakayikira idzakhala yokondedwa, idzatenga malo ake oyenera posunga maluwa kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewuyo ndi yopindulitsa, imamasula mosasunthika komanso imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino mkati. Izi ndizofunikira mzipinda momwe nthawi zambiri ana odwala amakhala.
