Momwe mungayikitsire orchid: malangizo a pang'onopang'ono kunyumba

Kukula kwa malo ogulitsa maluwa, ma phalaenopsis orchid, cymbidium kapena dendrobium, adapambana pamitima ndi pazenera za alimi azomera. Komabe, kulowa munyumba kapena mu mzinda, chomera chamaluwa chopanda kutulutsa nthawi yake chingathe kufota. Koma momwe mungatulutsire orchid moyenera? Kupatula apo, maluwa osokonezeka amatha kudwala kwa nthawi yayitali ngakhale kufa.

Zifukwa zazikulu zosinthira ma orchid

Maluwa nthawi zonse samasinthidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, zifukwa ndi zifukwa zina ndizofunikira:

• chowola, chosawonongeka dothi;
• mphika walimba kwambiri kuti mizu yake imere;
• mwana wakhazikika pamimba ya mayi;
• kuvunda kwa mizu ya orchid chifukwa cha kuthirira kwambiri;
• matenda a gawo lapansi ndi fungal matenda kapena tizirombo.

Orchid m'chilengedwe

Kuthilira orchid ndi vuto lalikulu. Simungasokoneze chomera ndi njirayi, kungoti chifukwa mumafuna. Izi zitha kuwononga kwambiri duwa.

Thirani

Zomera zakunyumba ziyenera kuziyankhidwa motsatira kayendedwe kazachilengedwe. Ndi kudza kwa masika, amatha nthawi yopuma. Orchids pang'onopang'ono ikulowa m'gawo lokangalika - zomera. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti maluwa asunthidwe mkati, osawopa kutaya kapena kuchedwetsa maluwa okongola.

Kufunika kwa orchids phalaenopsis ndi arboretum m'malo mwa dothi pafupifupi nthawi iliyonse ya zaka 2-3. Zimatengera mtundu wa kusakaniza kwa nthaka. Gawo lapansi, lomwe limapangidwa makamaka ndi moss, limatha mofulumira. Mwanjira iyi, orchid amasinthidwa zaka 1.5-2. Makungwa amakhala ndi michere yambiri, kotero kuti moyo wa alumali wa dothi loterowo ungathe kupitilizidwa mpaka zaka zitatu.

Chizindikiro cha "malo okhala" ndi mizu ya mlengalenga, omwe akufuna thandizo, akukhala pamwamba pa thankiyo. Mizu, yolumikizidwa mu chidebe cholimba cha orchid, samalandira zakudya zochuluka.

Thirani yozizira

Ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa masana masana, machitidwe a metabolic muzomera zilizonse amakula pang'onopang'ono. Duwa limalowa gawo lopuma. Sipangofunika kusokoneza chomera nthawi imeneyi. Ndikofunika kuziwonjezera kuyambira Novembala mpaka March pokhapokha pangozi.

Mtundu wa mizu ya orchidu wathanzi ndi wobiriwira mopepuka. Ngati utoto wasintha, wasandulika imvi kapena bulauni, kuyanika pamizu ina ndikuwonekera, izi zikutanthauza kuti mbewuyo imayenera kupendedwa ndi mizu ndipo, mwina, kuthandizidwa.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala tizirombo ta zomera zakunyumba tikukhazikika mumphika kapena spores ya fungal matenda. Kuthira ndi mankhwalawa kokha gawo la mbewu sikokwanira. Kuti muthane ndi tizirombo, muyenera kuchita izi:

1. Duwa limachotsedwa pamtunda wobzala.
2. Yenderani mizu, yovunda, yodwala ndi yowuma.
3. Chomera chimathandizidwa ndi fungicide kapena tizirombo, kutengera chilondacho.
4. Magawowa ndi ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (phytosporin, foundationazole), zigawo zimathiridwa ndi makala opera.
5. Mbale yamaluwa imatetezedwa, ngati kuli kofunika, ngalande zimasinthidwa.
6. Dothi loti ikamatengedwe limasinthidwa ndi lina.

Orchid dendrobium

Thirani mutagula

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, duwa limasinthidwa mukagula. Zotengera zonyamula zomerazi ndizophatikiza, zimapangidwira kuti zizikonzedwa kwakanthawi kochepa. Mizu yomwe imakhala mumipangiri imachotsa nthaka ndikukula kudzera m'mabowo otayira.

Kwa mbewu zazikulu zanthete, zotayira zotayikira ndizowopsa pakusakhazikika kwawo. Amatha kukungika, kuthyola duwa kapena kuwononga tsamba.

Kuthamangitsa Maluwa Okhimba

Kuyika kukongola kwamaluwa popanda chifukwa chabwino sikuyenera kutero. Panthawi ya maluwa, mphamvu zonse za chomera zimapita kukadyetsa maluwa, kotero kusasamala kwamizu kumizu kumatha kudwala kwanthawi yayitali komanso kufa kwa duwa.

Kuyika chomera maluwa kumakhala koyenera pokhapokha:

• zotupa zamatenda (phylostictosis, masamba osowa);
• tizirombo (nkhupakupa, kupindika, mealybugs, nematode, nsikidzi)
• kuvunda kwa mizu chifukwa kusayenda kwa chinyezi.

Pofuna kuthandizira mwadzidzidzi:

1. Peduncles amafupikitsa ndi 2-3 cm.
2. Kuti musavulaze mizu, mbewuyo pamodzi ndi mphika imanyowa m'madzi ofunda kwa theka la ola. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe kapena beseni lalitali, madzi ayenera kuphimba chiwiya ndi mizu pa 2/3 ya kutalika kwake.
3. Ngati mizu imadzaza mphika wapulasitiki, imaphwanyidwa pang'ono ndikuchotsedwa, kusamala kuti isawononge mizu.
4. Mizu imawunikiridwa, ngati ndi kotheka, mumaduladula, magawo otetemera.
5. Ngati chomwe chikuyambitsa ndikukumba ndi matenda kapena tizirombo, nthambuyo imatha kusungidwa ndikusambitsidwa ndi kukonzekera koyenera, ndipo masamba ndi makhwala amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi botolo lothira.

Muyenera kubzala mbewu panthaka yoyera, chifukwa kale idakonza zobzala.

Kudulira mwaukhondo

Thirani kunyumba

Alimi osadziwa amateur amalimbikitsidwa kubzala ma orchid mu mapoto apulasitiki owonekera. Mwa iwo, ndikosavuta kuwunika momwe mizu ndi kufunika kuthirira mbewu.

Kusankha kwa mphika

Ndizosangalatsa kuti amakhala bwino kwambiri mumzinthu zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Miphika yagalasi siikhala ndi mpweya wabwino ndipo imatha kutenthe msanga. Miphika yaceramic ya mizu ya orchid ndiyowopsa. Mukachotsa duwa pachidebe chadongo, mutha kupeza mizu yomatira kukhoma.

Poto woyenera wa orchid uyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino ndikuletsa kutentheza kwa mizu. Mabowo olowa m'madzimo ndizovomerezeka, chifukwa maluwawa samalola kuzika mizu.

Kuti muchotse chinyezi chambiri, pansi pamphika mumayalidwa ndi zotumphukira za masentimita 5-7.

Kusankhidwa kwa dothi

Dothi wamba polima maluwa siabwino.

Kusakaniza kwa orchid kumakhala ndi:

• paini woponderezedwa (spruce, oak) khungwa;
• peat moss (sphagnum);
• peat;
• makala;
• Mizu ya fern, tsamba lake;
• chithovu chophwanyika

Mutha kukonzekera khungwa la pine kwa maluwa

1. Peel makungwa a pine pamtengo wakugwa. Madzi, okhala ndi zizindikiro zowola pamenepa sangathe kugwira ntchito.
2. Khungwa lokololedwa limatsukidwa ngati tinthu tachilendo, lophwanyika. Gawo labwino kwambiri limakhala ndi masentimita 1.5-2.Zomera zazikulu, kukula kwa zidutswazo kumatha kuchulukitsidwa.
3. Tetezani makungwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti musasinthe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a fungal kapena mphutsi za tizirombo ku mtengo wakufa. Khungwa limathiridwa ndikuthira madzi osungunulidwa molingana ndi malangizo ndikutchetchera.
4. Kenako, khungubwe limawiritsa pamoto wochepa kwa ola limodzi ndikuponderezedwa pang'ono, kuti lisatuluke. Pophika, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndowa.
5. Makungwa owiritsa amasiyidwa kuti azizirala, pambuyo pake madzi amathiridwa.
6. Zotsatira zopangira ndizotsalira kuti ziume.

Orchid mumphika wapafupi

Kusintha-pang'ono kwatsatanetsatane

Popeza mudzafunika kuthira orchid kunyumba kamodzi pa zaka 2-3, muyenera kupeza zida zoyenera, kugula zida zofunikira kuti musafe ndi matenda a mbewu. Kuti mugwire ntchito ndi mizu muyenera lumo komanso lubani pakati. Chogwiritsidwacho chikuyenera kukhala chakuthwa, tiyenera kuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisanachigwiritse ntchito, ndipo tikatha ntchito chimatsukidwa.

Ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bio- ndi mankhwala kukonzekera, yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (potaziyamu permanganate) ndi mapiritsi a kaboni yokhazikitsidwa.

Popeza imodzi mwamaudindo ofunika ndikuthilira orchid kunyumba ndikuwononga mizu, chidebe chofewa chofewa chimachotsedwa ndi lumo.

Kubzala kwa orchid kumachitika motere:

1. Mizu yake imatsukidwa kale pansi pamadzi othamanga, kuyendera.
2. Mizu youma, yovunda komanso yakuda imachotsedwa ndi chida chakuthwa kwambiri.
3. Ngati pali parasitic ntchito muzu wa gawo, musanabzale, muzu umamizidwa ndikuyimilira madzi kwa maola 3-4. Orchidyo atayala chopukutira, kuyanika kwa maola 6-8.
4. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa tizirombo, matenda, mbewuyi imathandizidwa ndi mankhwala antifungal komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
5. Malo omwe mabala pamizu amathandizidwa ndi antibacterial agents.
6. Duwa lokonzedwayo limayikidwa pakati pa mphikawo, pang'onopang'ono ndikudzaza dothi kuti pasakhale ma voids pakati pa mizu, mphikawo umagwedezeka nthawi ndi nthawi, koma osapindika.
7. Sikoyenera kudzaza kumtunda kwa mpingowo ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono; mizu iyenera kukhala ndi mpweya.

Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kupatsa mbewuzo chisamaliro chabwino.

Kusamalira maluwa kwina

Pakukula, maluwawa amasungidwa kwa dzuwa kwa masiku 7-10. Malo abwino kuyika ma orchid ndi windows pomwe pali kuwala kokwanira, koma ma ray achindunji ndiowopsa kwa iwo. Masamba a ma orchid omwe amatha kuwonekera mwachindunji ndi kuwotcha kwa ultraviolet.

Phalaenopsis orchid

Kuthirira ndi dothi

Mutabzala, mutha kuthirira mbewu patatha masiku 4-5. Madzi othirira amasungidwa kapena kuwiritsa. Chidebe chokhala ndi chomera chimatsitsidwa m'madzi okonzekera kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imalandira chinyezi chokwanira milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi

Mchipinda chomwe orchid amakhala, sichikhala chowuma komanso chotentha, kutentha kwakukulu kwa maluwa amenewa ndi 20-23 ° C. Masamba a Orchid amapukutidwa pang'ono ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena kupopera mu botolo lothira. Chachikulu ndikupewa kudzikundikira kwamadzi phuma.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Orchids amadyetsa koyamba mweziwo atamuika. Feteleza wachilengedwe komanso michere amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 20-25 aliwonse.

Kusunga orchid kunyumba sikuli konse kovuta; pothokoza, kukongola kwa malo otentha kumakondweretsa masango okhala ndi maluwa kwanthawi yayitali. Ndipo ngati mukudziwa kuthira orchid kunyumba, mutha kuwonjezera moyo wa zokongola izi.